{"id":81,"date":"2014-04-25T16:47:57","date_gmt":"2014-04-25T23:47:57","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/blogs.ubc.ca\/apnsfmrcur1\/?page_id=81"},"modified":"2017-04-04T13:41:17","modified_gmt":"2017-04-04T20:41:17","slug":"topic-4-the-montreal-process","status":"publish","type":"page","link":"https:\/\/blogs.ubc.ca\/apfnet01\/module-i\/topic-4-the-montreal-process\/","title":{"rendered":"Topic 4: The Montreal Process"},"content":{"rendered":"<div id=\"random-tab-id-425\" class=\"tabs-shortcode  tabs-shortcode-top\">\n<ul class=\"tabs-shortcode-list\">\n<li \n\t\t\t\t\t ><a href=\"#Introduction-0\" >Introduction<\/a><\/li>\n<li \n\t\t\t\t\t ><a href=\"#BackgroundInfo-1\" >Background Info<\/a><\/li>\n<li \n\t\t\t\t\t ><a href=\"#VideoLectures-2\" >Video Lectures<\/a><\/li>\n<li \n\t\t\t\t\t ><a href=\"#Resources-3\" >Resources<\/a><\/li>\n<li \n\t\t\t\t\t ><a href=\"#Selftest-4\" >Self-test<\/a><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<div id=\"Introduction-0\"  >\n<h3>Introduction<\/h3>\n<p>With tropical countries already developing guidelines for sustainable forest management, the failure of attempts to develop a forest convention at the 1992 UN Conference on Environment and Development, and a number of changes occurring in the way forests were viewed around the world, there was considerable pressure for developed countries to show that they were also managing their forests sustainably. In addition to the creation of the Forest Stewardship Council (<a href=\"https:\/\/ic.fsc.org\/\" target=\"_blank\">https:\/\/ic.fsc.org\/<\/a>), two parallel political processes emerged, one called the Montreal Process, and the other (at the time) called the Helsinki Process. These comprised groups of countries that came to together to discuss what they considered sustainable forest management to be, and how it would be defined, recognized and monitored. The Helsinki Process was dominated by the European Union, and was restricted to countries in Europe. The Montreal Process was originally intended to cover all temperate and boreal countries, and ended up covering about 80% of the world\u2019s temperate and boreal forests, with the notable exception being Europe.<\/p>\n<p>In this module, we examine the background to the criteria and indicators of sustainable forest management developed by the Montreal Process. This process has been chosen in favour of the European one as it governs a much larger area, and also involves a number of countries around the Pacific Rim, including Canada, the USA, Mexico, Chile, China, Japan, the Russian Federation, the Republic of Korea, Australia and New Zealand.<\/p>\n<\/div>\n<div id=\"BackgroundInfo-1\"  >\n<h3>Background Info<\/h3>\n<div id=\"pdf\"><object id=\"pdf_content\" data=\"\/apfnet01\/files\/2015\/01\/Topic-4-The-Montreal-Process.pdf?#zoom=auto&amp;scrollbar=0&amp;toolbar=0&amp;navpanes=0\" type=\"application\/pdf\" width=\"100%\" height=\"500\">Adobe has made PDF files a widely accepted standard. You must have a reader application to open PDF files, if the PDF cannot be displayed.<\/object><\/div>\n<p>Open the pdf file in new window <a title=\"Background Info\" href=\"\/apfnet01\/files\/2015\/01\/Topic-4-The-Montreal-Process.pdf\" target=\"_blank\">here<\/a><\/p>\n<\/div>\n<\/p>\n<div id=\"VideoLectures-2\"  >\n<h3>Video Lectures<\/h3>\n<h3>1.4.1 Criteria and indicators of sustainable forest management and the Montreal Process<\/h3>\n<p><iframe loading=\"lazy\" id=\"kaltura_player\" src=\"https:\/\/admin.video.ubc.ca\/p\/113\/sp\/11300\/embedIframeJs\/uiconf_id\/23448209\/partner_id\/113?iframeembed=true&#038;playerId=kaltura_player&#038;entry_id=0_ihvealp6&#038;flashvars&#091;streamerType&#093;=auto&amp;flashvars&#091;leadWithHTML5&#093;=true&amp;flashvars&#091;sideBarContainer.plugin&#093;=true&amp;flashvars&#091;sideBarContainer.position&#093;=left&amp;flashvars&#091;sideBarContainer.clickToClose&#093;=true&amp;flashvars&#091;chapters.plugin&#093;=true&amp;flashvars&#091;chapters.layout&#093;=vertical&amp;flashvars&#091;chapters.thumbnailRotator&#093;=false&amp;flashvars&#091;streamSelector.plugin&#093;=true&amp;flashvars&#091;EmbedPlayer.SpinnerTarget&#093;=videoHolder&amp;flashvars&#091;dualScreen.plugin&#093;=true&amp;&#038;wid=0_5cusk812\" width=\"700\" height=\"425\" allowfullscreen webkitallowfullscreen mozAllowFullScreen frameborder=\"0\"><\/iframe><\/p>\n<h3>1.4.2 Forests of the world<\/h3>\n<p><iframe loading=\"lazy\" id=\"kaltura_player\" src=\"https:\/\/admin.video.ubc.ca\/p\/113\/sp\/11300\/embedIframeJs\/uiconf_id\/23448209\/partner_id\/113?iframeembed=true&#038;playerId=kaltura_player&#038;entry_id=0_5jasypjr&#038;flashvars&#091;streamerType&#093;=auto&amp;flashvars&#091;leadWithHTML5&#093;=true&amp;flashvars&#091;sideBarContainer.plugin&#093;=true&amp;flashvars&#091;sideBarContainer.position&#093;=left&amp;flashvars&#091;sideBarContainer.clickToClose&#093;=true&amp;flashvars&#091;chapters.plugin&#093;=true&amp;flashvars&#091;chapters.layout&#093;=vertical&amp;flashvars&#091;chapters.thumbnailRotator&#093;=false&amp;flashvars&#091;streamSelector.plugin&#093;=true&amp;flashvars&#091;EmbedPlayer.SpinnerTarget&#093;=videoHolder&amp;flashvars&#091;dualScreen.plugin&#093;=true&amp;&#038;wid=0_6yalbm2e\" width=\"700\" height=\"425\" allowfullscreen webkitallowfullscreen mozAllowFullScreen frameborder=\"0\"><\/iframe><\/p>\n<\/div>\n<\/p>\n<div id=\"Resources-3\"  >\n<h3>Resources<\/h3>\n<ul>\n<li>The Montreal Process. (1995). <em><a href=\"\/apfnet01\/files\/2015\/01\/1995-Santiago-Declaration.pdf\" target=\"_blank\">Criteria and indicators for the conservation and sustainable management of temperate and boreal forests<\/a><\/em>.<\/li>\n<li>The Montreal Process. (2009). <em><a href=\"\/apfnet01\/files\/2015\/01\/Criteria-and-Indicators-2009-edition.pdf\" target=\"_blank\">Criteria and indicators for the conservation and sustainable management of temperate and boreal forests<\/a><\/em>.<\/li>\n<li>Casta\u00f1eda, F., Palmberg-Lerche, C., &amp; Vuorinen, P. (Eds.). (2001). <em>Criteria and indicators for sustainable forest management: A compendium<\/em> (Working Paper FM\/5). Rome, Italy: Food and Agriculture Organization of the United Nations (FAO). Retrieved from: <a href=\"http:\/\/www.fao.org\/docrep\/004\/AC135E\/ac135e00.htm#Contents\" target=\"_blank\">http:\/\/www.fao.org\/docrep\/004\/AC135E\/ac135e00.htm#Contents<\/a><\/li>\n<li>Chandran, A., &amp; Innes, J.L. (2014). The state of the forest: Reporting and communicating the state of forests by Montreal Process <em>International Forestry Review,<\/em> <em>16<\/em>(1), 103-111. Retrieved from <a href=\"http:\/\/www.bioone.org\/doi\/pdf\/10.1505\/146554814811031288\" target=\"_blank\">http:\/\/www.bioone.org\/doi\/pdf\/10.1505\/146554814811031288<\/a><\/li>\n<li>El\u00edas, E. (2004). The Tarapoto Process: Establishing criteria and indicators for the sustainable management of Amazon forests. <em>Unasylva, 55<\/em> (218), 47-52. Retrieved from: <a href=\"ftp:\/\/ftp.fao.org\/docrep\/fao\/007\/y5841e\/y5841e13.pdf\" target=\"_blank\">ftp:\/\/ftp.fao.org\/docrep\/fao\/007\/y5841e\/y5841e13.pdf<\/a><\/li>\n<li>Gale, F., &amp; Cadman, T. (2014). Whose norms prevail? Policy networks, international organizations and &#8220;Sustainable Forest Management&#8221;. <em>Society &amp; Natural Resources<\/em> 27 (2), 170-184. DOI:1080\/08941920.2013.840875.<\/li>\n<li>Grayson, A.J.,&amp; Maynard, W.B. (Eds.). (1997)<em>. <\/em><em>The world&#8217;s forests &#8211; Rio + 5: international initiatives towards sustainable management<\/em>. Oxford: Commonwealth Forestry Association.<\/li>\n<li>Hickey, G.M., &amp; Citroen, S. (2007). A review of the Sustainable Forest Management framework in Victoria, Australia: An innovative example of sub-national forest policy. <em>International Forestry Review<\/em> <em>9 <\/em>(4), 901-911. DOI:1505\/ifor.9.4.901<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<\/div>\n<\/p>\n<div id=\"Selftest-4\"  >\n<h3>Self-test<\/h3>\n<p><script>\nvar gform;gform||(document.addEventListener(\"gform_main_scripts_loaded\",function(){gform.scriptsLoaded=!0}),document.addEventListener(\"gform\/theme\/scripts_loaded\",function(){gform.themeScriptsLoaded=!0}),window.addEventListener(\"DOMContentLoaded\",function(){gform.domLoaded=!0}),gform={domLoaded:!1,scriptsLoaded:!1,themeScriptsLoaded:!1,isFormEditor:()=>\"function\"==typeof InitializeEditor,callIfLoaded:function(o){return!(!gform.domLoaded||!gform.scriptsLoaded||!gform.themeScriptsLoaded&&!gform.isFormEditor()||(gform.isFormEditor()&&console.warn(\"The use of gform.initializeOnLoaded() is deprecated in the form editor context and will be removed in Gravity Forms 3.1.\"),o(),0))},initializeOnLoaded:function(o){gform.callIfLoaded(o)||(document.addEventListener(\"gform_main_scripts_loaded\",()=>{gform.scriptsLoaded=!0,gform.callIfLoaded(o)}),document.addEventListener(\"gform\/theme\/scripts_loaded\",()=>{gform.themeScriptsLoaded=!0,gform.callIfLoaded(o)}),window.addEventListener(\"DOMContentLoaded\",()=>{gform.domLoaded=!0,gform.callIfLoaded(o)}))},hooks:{action:{},filter:{}},addAction:function(o,r,e,t){gform.addHook(\"action\",o,r,e,t)},addFilter:function(o,r,e,t){gform.addHook(\"filter\",o,r,e,t)},doAction:function(o){gform.doHook(\"action\",o,arguments)},applyFilters:function(o){return gform.doHook(\"filter\",o,arguments)},removeAction:function(o,r){gform.removeHook(\"action\",o,r)},removeFilter:function(o,r,e){gform.removeHook(\"filter\",o,r,e)},addHook:function(o,r,e,t,n){null==gform.hooks[o][r]&&(gform.hooks[o][r]=[]);var d=gform.hooks[o][r];null==n&&(n=r+\"_\"+d.length),gform.hooks[o][r].push({tag:n,callable:e,priority:t=null==t?10:t})},doHook:function(r,o,e){var t;if(e=Array.prototype.slice.call(e,1),null!=gform.hooks[r][o]&&((o=gform.hooks[r][o]).sort(function(o,r){return o.priority-r.priority}),o.forEach(function(o){\"function\"!=typeof(t=o.callable)&&(t=window[t]),\"action\"==r?t.apply(null,e):e[0]=t.apply(null,e)})),\"filter\"==r)return e[0]},removeHook:function(o,r,t,n){var e;null!=gform.hooks[o][r]&&(e=(e=gform.hooks[o][r]).filter(function(o,r,e){return!!(null!=n&&n!=o.tag||null!=t&&t!=o.priority)}),gform.hooks[o][r]=e)}});\n<\/script><\/p>\n<div class='gf_browser_gecko gform_wrapper gform_legacy_markup_wrapper gform-theme--no-framework' data-form-theme='legacy' data-form-index='0' id='gform_wrapper_4' >\n<div class='gform_heading'>\n<h3 class=\"gform_title\">Module I - Topic 4: Self-test<\/h3>\n<p class='gform_description'>\n<p><strong>Quiz Description: <\/strong><\/p>\n<p>The following self-test quiz is designed to check your understanding of important learning concepts for this topic. The quiz contains ten multiple choice questions. There is no time limit for you to take the quiz and you may attempt to take it as many times as you like. After you click the Submit button, you will see your Grade, number of Correct Answers, your answers, and the Answer Key for each question.<\/p>\n<p><strong>Quiz Instructions: <\/strong><\/p>\n<p>While you are taking the quiz, we advise you not referring to any course materials. After you Submit your answers, you may self-reflect the missing points, review relevant contents as necessary, and retake the quiz again until you get the full points<\/p>\n<p>Answer the following questions to see how well you have learnt in this topic:<\/p>\n<\/p><\/div>\n<form method='post' enctype='multipart\/form-data'  id='gform_4'  action='\/apfnet01\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/pages\/81' data-formid='4' novalidate>\n<div class='gform-body gform_body'>\n<ul id='gform_fields_4' class='gform_fields top_label form_sublabel_below description_below validation_below'>\n<li id=\"field_4_1\" class=\"gfield gfield--type-quiz gfield--type-choice gfield--input-type-radio gfield_contains_required field_sublabel_below gfield--no-description field_description_below field_validation_below gfield_visibility_visible gquiz-field \"  data-field-class=\"gquiz-field\" ><label class='gfield_label gform-field-label' >At the 1992 UNCED meeting in Rio de Janeiro<span class=\"gfield_required\"><span class=\"gfield_required gfield_required_asterisk\">*<\/span><\/span><\/label>\n<div class='ginput_container ginput_container_radio'>\n<ul class='gfield_radio' id='input_4_1'>\n<li class='gchoice gchoice_4_1_0'>\n\t\t\t\t<input name='input_1' type='radio' value='A global forest convention was approved'  id='choice_4_1_0'    \/><br \/>\n\t\t\t\t<label for='choice_4_1_0' id='label_4_1_0' class='gform-field-label gform-field-label--type-inline'>A global forest convention was approved<\/label>\n\t\t\t<\/li>\n<li class='gchoice gchoice_4_1_1'>\n\t\t\t\t<input name='input_1' type='radio' value='There were no discussions about forests'  id='choice_4_1_1'    \/><br \/>\n\t\t\t\t<label for='choice_4_1_1' id='label_4_1_1' class='gform-field-label gform-field-label--type-inline'>There were no discussions about forests<\/label>\n\t\t\t<\/li>\n<li class='gchoice gchoice_4_1_2'>\n\t\t\t\t<input name='input_1' type='radio' value='A non-legally binding authoritative statement on forests was approved'  id='choice_4_1_2'    \/><br \/>\n\t\t\t\t<label for='choice_4_1_2' id='label_4_1_2' class='gform-field-label gform-field-label--type-inline'>A non-legally binding authoritative statement on forests was approved<\/label>\n\t\t\t<\/li>\n<li class='gchoice gchoice_4_1_3'>\n\t\t\t\t<input name='input_1' type='radio' value='The Montreal Process criteria and indicators were approved'  id='choice_4_1_3'    \/><br \/>\n\t\t\t\t<label for='choice_4_1_3' id='label_4_1_3' class='gform-field-label gform-field-label--type-inline'>The Montreal Process criteria and indicators were approved<\/label>\n\t\t\t<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<\/div>\n<\/li>\n<li id=\"field_4_2\" class=\"gfield gfield--type-quiz gfield--type-choice gfield--input-type-radio gfield_contains_required field_sublabel_below gfield--no-description field_description_below field_validation_below gfield_visibility_visible gquiz-field \"  data-field-class=\"gquiz-field\" ><label class='gfield_label gform-field-label' >Temperate and boreal countries gathered to discuss sustainable forest management in 1993 in:<span class=\"gfield_required\"><span class=\"gfield_required gfield_required_asterisk\">*<\/span><\/span><\/label>\n<div class='ginput_container ginput_container_radio'>\n<ul class='gfield_radio' id='input_4_2'>\n<li class='gchoice gchoice_4_2_0'>\n\t\t\t\t<input name='input_2' type='radio' value='USA'  id='choice_4_2_0'    \/><br \/>\n\t\t\t\t<label for='choice_4_2_0' id='label_4_2_0' class='gform-field-label gform-field-label--type-inline'>USA<\/label>\n\t\t\t<\/li>\n<li class='gchoice gchoice_4_2_1'>\n\t\t\t\t<input name='input_2' type='radio' value='Canada'  id='choice_4_2_1'    \/><br \/>\n\t\t\t\t<label for='choice_4_2_1' id='label_4_2_1' class='gform-field-label gform-field-label--type-inline'>Canada<\/label>\n\t\t\t<\/li>\n<li class='gchoice gchoice_4_2_2'>\n\t\t\t\t<input name='input_2' type='radio' value='France'  id='choice_4_2_2'    \/><br \/>\n\t\t\t\t<label for='choice_4_2_2' id='label_4_2_2' class='gform-field-label gform-field-label--type-inline'>France<\/label>\n\t\t\t<\/li>\n<li class='gchoice gchoice_4_2_3'>\n\t\t\t\t<input name='input_2' type='radio' value='Australia'  id='choice_4_2_3'    \/><br \/>\n\t\t\t\t<label for='choice_4_2_3' id='label_4_2_3' class='gform-field-label gform-field-label--type-inline'>Australia<\/label>\n\t\t\t<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<\/div>\n<\/li>\n<li id=\"field_4_3\" class=\"gfield gfield--type-quiz gfield--type-choice gfield--input-type-radio gfield_contains_required field_sublabel_below gfield--no-description field_description_below field_validation_below gfield_visibility_visible gquiz-field \"  data-field-class=\"gquiz-field\" ><label class='gfield_label gform-field-label' >In developing criteria and indicators of sustainable forest management, particular attention was paid to documents produced by:<span class=\"gfield_required\"><span class=\"gfield_required gfield_required_asterisk\">*<\/span><\/span><\/label>\n<div class='ginput_container ginput_container_radio'>\n<ul class='gfield_radio' id='input_4_3'>\n<li class='gchoice gchoice_4_3_0'>\n\t\t\t\t<input name='input_3' type='radio' value='The United Nations Forum on Forests'  id='choice_4_3_0'    \/><br \/>\n\t\t\t\t<label for='choice_4_3_0' id='label_4_3_0' class='gform-field-label gform-field-label--type-inline'>The United Nations Forum on Forests<\/label>\n\t\t\t<\/li>\n<li class='gchoice gchoice_4_3_1'>\n\t\t\t\t<input name='input_3' type='radio' value='The Collaborative Partnership on Forests'  id='choice_4_3_1'    \/><br \/>\n\t\t\t\t<label for='choice_4_3_1' id='label_4_3_1' class='gform-field-label gform-field-label--type-inline'>The Collaborative Partnership on Forests<\/label>\n\t\t\t<\/li>\n<li class='gchoice gchoice_4_3_2'>\n\t\t\t\t<input name='input_3' type='radio' value='The International Tropical Timber Organization'  id='choice_4_3_2'    \/><br \/>\n\t\t\t\t<label for='choice_4_3_2' id='label_4_3_2' class='gform-field-label gform-field-label--type-inline'>The International Tropical Timber Organization<\/label>\n\t\t\t<\/li>\n<li class='gchoice gchoice_4_3_3'>\n\t\t\t\t<input name='input_3' type='radio' value='The European Union'  id='choice_4_3_3'    \/><br \/>\n\t\t\t\t<label for='choice_4_3_3' id='label_4_3_3' class='gform-field-label gform-field-label--type-inline'>The European Union<\/label>\n\t\t\t<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<\/div>\n<\/li>\n<li id=\"field_4_4\" class=\"gfield gfield--type-quiz gfield--type-choice gfield--input-type-radio gfield_contains_required field_sublabel_below gfield--no-description field_description_below field_validation_below gfield_visibility_visible gquiz-field \"  data-field-class=\"gquiz-field\" ><label class='gfield_label gform-field-label' >When the European countries went on their own path to developing criteria and indicators of SFM, it was termed:<span class=\"gfield_required\"><span class=\"gfield_required gfield_required_asterisk\">*<\/span><\/span><\/label>\n<div class='ginput_container ginput_container_radio'>\n<ul class='gfield_radio' id='input_4_4'>\n<li class='gchoice gchoice_4_4_0'>\n\t\t\t\t<input name='input_4' type='radio' value='The Oslo Process'  id='choice_4_4_0'    \/><br \/>\n\t\t\t\t<label for='choice_4_4_0' id='label_4_4_0' class='gform-field-label gform-field-label--type-inline'>The Oslo Process<\/label>\n\t\t\t<\/li>\n<li class='gchoice gchoice_4_4_1'>\n\t\t\t\t<input name='input_4' type='radio' value='The Lisbon Process'  id='choice_4_4_1'    \/><br \/>\n\t\t\t\t<label for='choice_4_4_1' id='label_4_4_1' class='gform-field-label gform-field-label--type-inline'>The Lisbon Process<\/label>\n\t\t\t<\/li>\n<li class='gchoice gchoice_4_4_2'>\n\t\t\t\t<input name='input_4' type='radio' value='The Warsaw Process'  id='choice_4_4_2'    \/><br \/>\n\t\t\t\t<label for='choice_4_4_2' id='label_4_4_2' class='gform-field-label gform-field-label--type-inline'>The Warsaw Process<\/label>\n\t\t\t<\/li>\n<li class='gchoice gchoice_4_4_3'>\n\t\t\t\t<input name='input_4' type='radio' value='The Helsinki Process'  id='choice_4_4_3'    \/><br \/>\n\t\t\t\t<label for='choice_4_4_3' id='label_4_4_3' class='gform-field-label gform-field-label--type-inline'>The Helsinki Process<\/label>\n\t\t\t<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<\/div>\n<\/li>\n<li id=\"field_4_5\" class=\"gfield gfield--type-quiz gfield--type-choice gfield--input-type-radio gfield_contains_required field_sublabel_below gfield--no-description field_description_below field_validation_below gfield_visibility_visible gquiz-field \"  data-field-class=\"gquiz-field\" ><label class='gfield_label gform-field-label' >The criteria and indicators of the Montreal Process were formally approved in the:<span class=\"gfield_required\"><span class=\"gfield_required gfield_required_asterisk\">*<\/span><\/span><\/label>\n<div class='ginput_container ginput_container_radio'>\n<ul class='gfield_radio' id='input_4_5'>\n<li class='gchoice gchoice_4_5_0'>\n\t\t\t\t<input name='input_5' type='radio' value='Santiago Declaration'  id='choice_4_5_0'    \/><br \/>\n\t\t\t\t<label for='choice_4_5_0' id='label_4_5_0' class='gform-field-label gform-field-label--type-inline'>Santiago Declaration<\/label>\n\t\t\t<\/li>\n<li class='gchoice gchoice_4_5_1'>\n\t\t\t\t<input name='input_5' type='radio' value='Montreal Declaration'  id='choice_4_5_1'    \/><br \/>\n\t\t\t\t<label for='choice_4_5_1' id='label_4_5_1' class='gform-field-label gform-field-label--type-inline'>Montreal Declaration<\/label>\n\t\t\t<\/li>\n<li class='gchoice gchoice_4_5_2'>\n\t\t\t\t<input name='input_5' type='radio' value='Lima Declaration'  id='choice_4_5_2'    \/><br \/>\n\t\t\t\t<label for='choice_4_5_2' id='label_4_5_2' class='gform-field-label gform-field-label--type-inline'>Lima Declaration<\/label>\n\t\t\t<\/li>\n<li class='gchoice gchoice_4_5_3'>\n\t\t\t\t<input name='input_5' type='radio' value='Washington Declaration'  id='choice_4_5_3'    \/><br \/>\n\t\t\t\t<label for='choice_4_5_3' id='label_4_5_3' class='gform-field-label gform-field-label--type-inline'>Washington Declaration<\/label>\n\t\t\t<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<\/div>\n<\/li>\n<li id=\"field_4_6\" class=\"gfield gfield--type-quiz gfield--type-choice gfield--input-type-radio gfield_contains_required field_sublabel_below gfield--no-description field_description_below field_validation_below gfield_visibility_visible gquiz-field \"  data-field-class=\"gquiz-field\" ><label class='gfield_label gform-field-label' >Which of the following countries is not part of the Montreal Process:<span class=\"gfield_required\"><span class=\"gfield_required gfield_required_asterisk\">*<\/span><\/span><\/label>\n<div class='ginput_container ginput_container_radio'>\n<ul class='gfield_radio' id='input_4_6'>\n<li class='gchoice gchoice_4_6_0'>\n\t\t\t\t<input name='input_6' type='radio' value='Argentina'  id='choice_4_6_0'    \/><br \/>\n\t\t\t\t<label for='choice_4_6_0' id='label_4_6_0' class='gform-field-label gform-field-label--type-inline'>Argentina<\/label>\n\t\t\t<\/li>\n<li class='gchoice gchoice_4_6_1'>\n\t\t\t\t<input name='input_6' type='radio' value='Mexico'  id='choice_4_6_1'    \/><br \/>\n\t\t\t\t<label for='choice_4_6_1' id='label_4_6_1' class='gform-field-label gform-field-label--type-inline'>Mexico<\/label>\n\t\t\t<\/li>\n<li class='gchoice gchoice_4_6_2'>\n\t\t\t\t<input name='input_6' type='radio' value='Peru'  id='choice_4_6_2'    \/><br \/>\n\t\t\t\t<label for='choice_4_6_2' id='label_4_6_2' class='gform-field-label gform-field-label--type-inline'>Peru<\/label>\n\t\t\t<\/li>\n<li class='gchoice gchoice_4_6_3'>\n\t\t\t\t<input name='input_6' type='radio' value='Uruguay'  id='choice_4_6_3'    \/><br \/>\n\t\t\t\t<label for='choice_4_6_3' id='label_4_6_3' class='gform-field-label gform-field-label--type-inline'>Uruguay<\/label>\n\t\t\t<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<\/div>\n<\/li>\n<li id=\"field_4_7\" class=\"gfield gfield--type-quiz gfield--type-choice gfield--input-type-radio gfield_contains_required field_sublabel_below gfield--no-description field_description_below field_validation_below gfield_visibility_visible gquiz-field \"  data-field-class=\"gquiz-field\" ><label class='gfield_label gform-field-label' >The Tarapoto Process refers to criteria and indicators of sustainable forest management in:<span class=\"gfield_required\"><span class=\"gfield_required gfield_required_asterisk\">*<\/span><\/span><\/label>\n<div class='ginput_container ginput_container_radio'>\n<ul class='gfield_radio' id='input_4_7'>\n<li class='gchoice gchoice_4_7_0'>\n\t\t\t\t<input name='input_7' type='radio' value='The Amazon Basin'  id='choice_4_7_0'    \/><br \/>\n\t\t\t\t<label for='choice_4_7_0' id='label_4_7_0' class='gform-field-label gform-field-label--type-inline'>The Amazon Basin<\/label>\n\t\t\t<\/li>\n<li class='gchoice gchoice_4_7_1'>\n\t\t\t\t<input name='input_7' type='radio' value='Central America'  id='choice_4_7_1'    \/><br \/>\n\t\t\t\t<label for='choice_4_7_1' id='label_4_7_1' class='gform-field-label gform-field-label--type-inline'>Central America<\/label>\n\t\t\t<\/li>\n<li class='gchoice gchoice_4_7_2'>\n\t\t\t\t<input name='input_7' type='radio' value='The Congo Basin'  id='choice_4_7_2'    \/><br \/>\n\t\t\t\t<label for='choice_4_7_2' id='label_4_7_2' class='gform-field-label gform-field-label--type-inline'>The Congo Basin<\/label>\n\t\t\t<\/li>\n<li class='gchoice gchoice_4_7_3'>\n\t\t\t\t<input name='input_7' type='radio' value='Southeast Asia'  id='choice_4_7_3'    \/><br \/>\n\t\t\t\t<label for='choice_4_7_3' id='label_4_7_3' class='gform-field-label gform-field-label--type-inline'>Southeast Asia<\/label>\n\t\t\t<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<\/div>\n<\/li>\n<li id=\"field_4_8\" class=\"gfield gfield--type-quiz gfield--type-choice gfield--input-type-radio gfield_contains_required field_sublabel_below gfield--no-description field_description_below field_validation_below gfield_visibility_visible gquiz-field \"  data-field-class=\"gquiz-field\" ><label class='gfield_label gform-field-label' >How many criteria are recognized in the Montreal Process:<span class=\"gfield_required\"><span class=\"gfield_required gfield_required_asterisk\">*<\/span><\/span><\/label>\n<div class='ginput_container ginput_container_radio'>\n<ul class='gfield_radio' id='input_4_8'>\n<li class='gchoice gchoice_4_8_0'>\n\t\t\t\t<input name='input_8' type='radio' value='6'  id='choice_4_8_0'    \/><br \/>\n\t\t\t\t<label for='choice_4_8_0' id='label_4_8_0' class='gform-field-label gform-field-label--type-inline'>6<\/label>\n\t\t\t<\/li>\n<li class='gchoice gchoice_4_8_1'>\n\t\t\t\t<input name='input_8' type='radio' value='7'  id='choice_4_8_1'    \/><br \/>\n\t\t\t\t<label for='choice_4_8_1' id='label_4_8_1' class='gform-field-label gform-field-label--type-inline'>7<\/label>\n\t\t\t<\/li>\n<li class='gchoice gchoice_4_8_2'>\n\t\t\t\t<input name='input_8' type='radio' value='8'  id='choice_4_8_2'    \/><br \/>\n\t\t\t\t<label for='choice_4_8_2' id='label_4_8_2' class='gform-field-label gform-field-label--type-inline'>8<\/label>\n\t\t\t<\/li>\n<li class='gchoice gchoice_4_8_3'>\n\t\t\t\t<input name='input_8' type='radio' value='9'  id='choice_4_8_3'    \/><br \/>\n\t\t\t\t<label for='choice_4_8_3' id='label_4_8_3' class='gform-field-label gform-field-label--type-inline'>9<\/label>\n\t\t\t<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<\/div>\n<\/li>\n<li id=\"field_4_9\" class=\"gfield gfield--type-quiz gfield--type-choice gfield--input-type-radio gfield_contains_required field_sublabel_below gfield--no-description field_description_below field_validation_below gfield_visibility_visible gquiz-field \"  data-field-class=\"gquiz-field\" ><label class='gfield_label gform-field-label' >Which of the following is a criterion in the Montreal Process:<span class=\"gfield_required\"><span class=\"gfield_required gfield_required_asterisk\">*<\/span><\/span><\/label>\n<div class='ginput_container ginput_container_radio'>\n<ul class='gfield_radio' id='input_4_9'>\n<li class='gchoice gchoice_4_9_0'>\n\t\t\t\t<input name='input_9' type='radio' value='Adaptation to climate change'  id='choice_4_9_0'    \/><br \/>\n\t\t\t\t<label for='choice_4_9_0' id='label_4_9_0' class='gform-field-label gform-field-label--type-inline'>Adaptation to climate change<\/label>\n\t\t\t<\/li>\n<li class='gchoice gchoice_4_9_1'>\n\t\t\t\t<input name='input_9' type='radio' value='Reduction of emissions from deforestation and forest degradation'  id='choice_4_9_1'    \/><br \/>\n\t\t\t\t<label for='choice_4_9_1' id='label_4_9_1' class='gform-field-label gform-field-label--type-inline'>Reduction of emissions from deforestation and forest degradation<\/label>\n\t\t\t<\/li>\n<li class='gchoice gchoice_4_9_2'>\n\t\t\t\t<input name='input_9' type='radio' value='Conservation of biological diversity'  id='choice_4_9_2'    \/><br \/>\n\t\t\t\t<label for='choice_4_9_2' id='label_4_9_2' class='gform-field-label gform-field-label--type-inline'>Conservation of biological diversity<\/label>\n\t\t\t<\/li>\n<li class='gchoice gchoice_4_9_3'>\n\t\t\t\t<input name='input_9' type='radio' value='Maintenance of high conservation value forests'  id='choice_4_9_3'    \/><br \/>\n\t\t\t\t<label for='choice_4_9_3' id='label_4_9_3' class='gform-field-label gform-field-label--type-inline'>Maintenance of high conservation value forests<\/label>\n\t\t\t<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<\/div>\n<\/li>\n<li id=\"field_4_10\" class=\"gfield gfield--type-quiz gfield--type-choice gfield--input-type-radio gfield_contains_required field_sublabel_below gfield--no-description field_description_below field_validation_below gfield_visibility_visible gquiz-field \"  data-field-class=\"gquiz-field\" ><label class='gfield_label gform-field-label' >The periodic reports similar to Montreal Process reports produced by the UN Food and Agriculture Organization are called:<span class=\"gfield_required\"><span class=\"gfield_required gfield_required_asterisk\">*<\/span><\/span><\/label>\n<div class='ginput_container ginput_container_radio'>\n<ul class='gfield_radio' id='input_4_10'>\n<li class='gchoice gchoice_4_10_0'>\n\t\t\t\t<input name='input_10' type='radio' value='Forest Management Reports'  id='choice_4_10_0'    \/><br \/>\n\t\t\t\t<label for='choice_4_10_0' id='label_4_10_0' class='gform-field-label gform-field-label--type-inline'>Forest Management Reports<\/label>\n\t\t\t<\/li>\n<li class='gchoice gchoice_4_10_1'>\n\t\t\t\t<input name='input_10' type='radio' value='Global Forest Resources Assessments'  id='choice_4_10_1'    \/><br \/>\n\t\t\t\t<label for='choice_4_10_1' id='label_4_10_1' class='gform-field-label gform-field-label--type-inline'>Global Forest Resources Assessments<\/label>\n\t\t\t<\/li>\n<li class='gchoice gchoice_4_10_2'>\n\t\t\t\t<input name='input_10' type='radio' value='Regional Forest Analyses'  id='choice_4_10_2'    \/><br \/>\n\t\t\t\t<label for='choice_4_10_2' id='label_4_10_2' 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