{"id":520,"date":"2018-01-27T18:05:18","date_gmt":"2018-01-28T01:05:18","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/blogs.ubc.ca\/communicatingscience2017w211\/?p=520"},"modified":"2018-02-26T13:35:35","modified_gmt":"2018-02-26T20:35:35","slug":"still-smoking-cigarettes-its-effects-on-cilia-just-might-make-you-quit","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/blogs.ubc.ca\/communicatingscience2017w211\/2018\/01\/27\/still-smoking-cigarettes-its-effects-on-cilia-just-might-make-you-quit\/","title":{"rendered":"Still smoking cigarettes? It&#8217;s effects on your cells just might make you quit."},"content":{"rendered":"<p>If you are a smoker, you have surely heard that <a href=\"http:\/\/www.upmc.com\/patients-visitors\/education\/breathing\/Pages\/smoking-and-lungs.aspx\">smoking damages your lungs<\/a>. More surprisingly, without even killing the cells, the smoke does damage to the tiny hair-like extensions on the surface of your cells called <a href=\"http:\/\/www.ciliopathyalliance.org\/cilia\/structure-and-function-of-cilia.html\">cilia<\/a>.<\/p>\n<p>You may have known about the presence of cilia in the body, but <em>why<\/em> is it important to keep them in good shape?<\/p>\n<div id=\"attachment_521\" style=\"width: 269px\" class=\"wp-caption alignleft\"><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" aria-describedby=\"caption-attachment-521\" class=\"wp-image-521\" src=\"https:\/\/blogs.ubc.ca\/communicatingscience2017w211\/files\/2018\/01\/Bronchiolar_epithelium_4_-_SEM-293x300.jpg\" alt=\"\" width=\"259\" height=\"265\" srcset=\"https:\/\/blogs.ubc.ca\/communicatingscience2017w211\/files\/2018\/01\/Bronchiolar_epithelium_4_-_SEM-293x300.jpg 293w, https:\/\/blogs.ubc.ca\/communicatingscience2017w211\/files\/2018\/01\/Bronchiolar_epithelium_4_-_SEM-768x787.jpg 768w, https:\/\/blogs.ubc.ca\/communicatingscience2017w211\/files\/2018\/01\/Bronchiolar_epithelium_4_-_SEM-1000x1024.jpg 1000w, https:\/\/blogs.ubc.ca\/communicatingscience2017w211\/files\/2018\/01\/Bronchiolar_epithelium_4_-_SEM-781x800.jpg 781w, https:\/\/blogs.ubc.ca\/communicatingscience2017w211\/files\/2018\/01\/Bronchiolar_epithelium_4_-_SEM.jpg 1024w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 259px) 100vw, 259px\" \/><p id=\"caption-attachment-521\" class=\"wp-caption-text\">Photo by Louisa Howard, Wikipedia Commons.<\/p><\/div>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<p>Cilia are found in many parts of the body, notably the respiratory system. The cilia we find here are motile, which means they can move (<a href=\"https:\/\/jcs.biologists.org\/content\/123\/4\/499\">non-motile cilia<\/a> also exist). They coat the nasal passageways all the way down to where the trachea (the windpipe) first branches off into the lungs as air passages called bronchi.<\/p>\n<div id=\"attachment_522\" style=\"width: 240px\" class=\"wp-caption alignright\"><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" aria-describedby=\"caption-attachment-522\" class=\"wp-image-522\" src=\"https:\/\/blogs.ubc.ca\/communicatingscience2017w211\/files\/2018\/01\/Respiratory_system.svg_-276x300.png\" alt=\"\" width=\"230\" height=\"250\" srcset=\"https:\/\/blogs.ubc.ca\/communicatingscience2017w211\/files\/2018\/01\/Respiratory_system.svg_-276x300.png 276w, https:\/\/blogs.ubc.ca\/communicatingscience2017w211\/files\/2018\/01\/Respiratory_system.svg_-735x800.png 735w, https:\/\/blogs.ubc.ca\/communicatingscience2017w211\/files\/2018\/01\/Respiratory_system.svg_.png 744w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 230px) 100vw, 230px\" \/><p id=\"caption-attachment-522\" class=\"wp-caption-text\">Created by Theresa Knott, GNU Free Documentation License.<\/p><\/div>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<p>The most crucial function they carry out in the respiratory system is to protect the passageways and to beat in a rhythmic manner to keep the airways clear of mucus and dirt. (See video below showing live beating of the cilia, from the <a href=\"https:\/\/www.youtube.com\/channel\/UCVdTukbG9Zfy7U9TfS7QWow\">Cilia Scientist<\/a>)<\/p>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<p><iframe loading=\"lazy\" title=\"Cilia beating in HD\" width=\"500\" height=\"375\" src=\"https:\/\/www.youtube.com\/embed\/6cyOLaz-gMI?feature=oembed\" frameborder=\"0\" allow=\"accelerometer; autoplay; clipboard-write; encrypted-media; gyroscope; picture-in-picture; web-share\" referrerpolicy=\"strict-origin-when-cross-origin\" allowfullscreen><\/iframe><\/p>\n<p>Interestingly enough, in the nasal cavity, the cilia beat so that the particles move <em>backwards<\/em> towards the pharynx (the back of the throat), while in the trachea, the cilia beat <em>upward <\/em>towards the pharynx! This is so the mucus and dust mix can then be swallowed or, <em>less politely<\/em>, coughed up.<\/p>\n<div id=\"attachment_733\" style=\"width: 230px\" class=\"wp-caption alignleft\"><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" aria-describedby=\"caption-attachment-733\" class=\"wp-image-733 size-medium\" src=\"https:\/\/blogs.ubc.ca\/communicatingscience2017w211\/files\/2018\/01\/35369145604_d8e70aa9be_o-220x300.jpg\" alt=\"\" width=\"220\" height=\"300\" srcset=\"https:\/\/blogs.ubc.ca\/communicatingscience2017w211\/files\/2018\/01\/35369145604_d8e70aa9be_o-220x300.jpg 220w, https:\/\/blogs.ubc.ca\/communicatingscience2017w211\/files\/2018\/01\/35369145604_d8e70aa9be_o.jpg 500w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 220px) 100vw, 220px\" \/><p id=\"caption-attachment-733\" class=\"wp-caption-text\">Liv Tyler, Flickr Commons.<\/p><\/div>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<p>One way to damage the cilia is, of course, by <a href=\"http:\/\/www.livestrong.com\/article\/214860-smoking-the-cilia\/\">smoking cigarettes<\/a>. In fact, some of the <a href=\"http:\/\/www.lung.org\/stop-smoking\/smoking-facts\/whats-in-a-cigarette.html?\">thousands of chemicals<\/a> in the smoke are actually toxic to cilia; resulting in their paralysis. This means the damaged cells are unable to clear the tar and mucus from your lungs, letting the tar get even deeper in your airways to cause inflammation and other <a href=\"https:\/\/www.cdc.gov\/tobacco\/data_statistics\/fact_sheets\/health_effects\/effects_cig_smoking\/index.htm\">possible complications<\/a>.<\/p>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<p>Fun fact: \u201c<a href=\"https:\/\/www.wisegeek.org\/what-is-a-smokers-cough.htm\">smoker&#8217;s cough<\/a>\u201d is more prevalent in the morning. The reason for this is because at night, the cilia&#8217;s clearing function is no longer inhibited by the smoke and can regain some function. Upon waking up, the smoker coughs to get the mucus and tar accumulation out of their lungs.<\/p>\n<p>So why is this important?<\/p>\n<p><a href=\"http:\/\/www.ciliopathyalliance.org\/cilia\/impact-of-defective-cilia.html\">Defective cilia<\/a>, due to mutations or human behaviour, have a huge impact on the functioning of your body. At the end of the day, take care of your cilia and they will take care of you!<\/p>\n<p>&#8211; Celia Dossot<\/p>\n<p><!--more--><\/p>\n<p>Further studies if interested;<a href=\"http:\/\/journals.plos.org\/plosone\/article?id=10.1371\/journal.pone.0008157\"> smoking&#8217;s association with shortened cilia<\/a>, <a href=\"https:\/\/www.cambridge.org\/core\/journals\/journal-of-laryngology-and-otology\/article\/effect-of-passive-smoking-on-ciliary-regeneration-of-nasal-mucosa-after-functional-endoscopic-sinus-surgery-in-children\/3EBFCADFA026692ABCA21841EB1CCD80\">effects of passive smoking on sinus cilia regeneration<\/a> and <a href=\"https:\/\/www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov\/pmc\/articles\/PMC4733852\/\">cilia&#8217;s relationship with automated cell death<\/a>.<\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>If you are a smoker, you have surely heard that smoking damages your lungs. More surprisingly, without even killing the cells, the smoke does damage to the tiny hair-like extensions on the surface of your cells called cilia. You may &hellip; <a href=\"https:\/\/blogs.ubc.ca\/communicatingscience2017w211\/2018\/01\/27\/still-smoking-cigarettes-its-effects-on-cilia-just-might-make-you-quit\/\">Continue reading <span class=\"meta-nav\">&rarr;<\/span><\/a><\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":57210,"featured_media":0,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"footnotes":""},"categories":[132756,431980,132763,132758,3151391],"tags":[817743,3211484,1814,3212025,978319,3211731,81903,8007],"class_list":["post-520","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","hentry","category-biological-sciences","category-outreach-project","category-public-engagement","category-science-communication","category-science-in-news","tag-cigarettes","tag-cilia","tag-health","tag-respiratory-system","tag-smoke","tag-smokers-cough","tag-smoking","tag-tobacco"],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/blogs.ubc.ca\/communicatingscience2017w211\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/520","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/blogs.ubc.ca\/communicatingscience2017w211\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/blogs.ubc.ca\/communicatingscience2017w211\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/blogs.ubc.ca\/communicatingscience2017w211\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/57210"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/blogs.ubc.ca\/communicatingscience2017w211\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=520"}],"version-history":[{"count":19,"href":"https:\/\/blogs.ubc.ca\/communicatingscience2017w211\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/520\/revisions"}],"predecessor-version":[{"id":529,"href":"https:\/\/blogs.ubc.ca\/communicatingscience2017w211\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/520\/revisions\/529"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/blogs.ubc.ca\/communicatingscience2017w211\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=520"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/blogs.ubc.ca\/communicatingscience2017w211\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/categories?post=520"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/blogs.ubc.ca\/communicatingscience2017w211\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/tags?post=520"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}