{"id":1111,"date":"2018-11-28T16:40:43","date_gmt":"2018-11-28T23:40:43","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/blogs.ubc.ca\/communicatingscience2018w111\/?p=1111"},"modified":"2018-11-28T17:21:59","modified_gmt":"2018-11-29T00:21:59","slug":"a-new-organic-compound-has-potential-in-removing-nuclear-uranium-wastes","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/blogs.ubc.ca\/communicatingscience2018w111\/2018\/11\/28\/a-new-organic-compound-has-potential-in-removing-nuclear-uranium-wastes\/","title":{"rendered":"A New Organic Compound has Potential in Removing Nuclear Uranium Wastes"},"content":{"rendered":"<p><span style=\"font-weight: 400\">\u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 On September 20, 2018, <a href=\"https:\/\/pubs.rsc.org\/en\/content\/articlehtml\/2018\/cc\/c8cc07269h\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">Mohammad Chaudhry<\/a>, a Ph. D student at the University of British Columbia and his team of researchers have produced a new chemical compound known as an expanded campestarene. This new compound is a large, cyclic molecular structure that possesses the unique property of binding strongly to uranium ions. This can have real-world applications in the future as a tool to manage nuclear waste since the uranium by-product produced by nuclear reactors is a growing concern. Expanded campestarenes\u2019 ability to strongly bind to uranium ions can be used to specifically remove dangerous, radioactive uranium waste.<\/span><\/p>\n<div id=\"attachment_1109\" style=\"width: 1009px\" class=\"wp-caption alignnone\"><a href=\"https:\/\/pubs.rsc.org\/en\/content\/articlehtml\/2018\/cc\/c8cc07269h\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\"><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" aria-describedby=\"caption-attachment-1109\" class=\"wp-image-1109 size-full\" title=\"Expanded Campestarene\" src=\"https:\/\/blogs.ubc.ca\/communicatingscience2018w111\/files\/2018\/11\/Expanded-Campestarene.png\" alt=\"\" width=\"999\" height=\"608\" srcset=\"https:\/\/blogs.ubc.ca\/communicatingscience2018w111\/files\/2018\/11\/Expanded-Campestarene.png 999w, https:\/\/blogs.ubc.ca\/communicatingscience2018w111\/files\/2018\/11\/Expanded-Campestarene-300x183.png 300w, https:\/\/blogs.ubc.ca\/communicatingscience2018w111\/files\/2018\/11\/Expanded-Campestarene-768x467.png 768w, https:\/\/blogs.ubc.ca\/communicatingscience2018w111\/files\/2018\/11\/Expanded-Campestarene-800x487.png 800w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 999px) 100vw, 999px\" \/><\/a><p id=\"caption-attachment-1109\" class=\"wp-caption-text\">The hollow cavity of expanded campestarene in the middle will hold the uranium ion.<\/p><\/div>\n<p><b>The Campastarene Creation:<\/b><\/p>\n<p><span style=\"font-weight: 400\">\u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 The process for making such a compound is not an easy process. It requires a lot of trial and error, and an extensive knowledge of macrocycle chemistry, a subsection of chemistry. Despite being an expert on this subject, it still took Chaudhry a lengthy time to obtain enough of these molecules to call it a success. According to Chaudhry, \u201cI basically went through the periodic table, and I went through a list of which elements would make sense to work in this type of reaction, and uranium was one I thought would work.\u201d Overall, this process took about eight months.<\/span><\/p>\n<p><span style=\"font-weight: 400\">\u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 After selection of uranium ion, a reflux reaction was used to produce the compounds. A reflux reaction is simply heating a bunch of chemical compounds in order to input energy and make the reaction more likely to happen. \u201cBasically, you mix it and you heat it and then you purify it, and that\u2019s it,\u201d says Mohammad.<\/span><\/p>\n<p><span style=\"font-weight: 400\">\u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 The following video contains the journey that Chaudhry and his colleagues have taken to create this molecule.<\/span><\/p>\n<p><iframe loading=\"lazy\" title=\"SO Project Group 5 Video\" width=\"500\" height=\"281\" src=\"https:\/\/www.youtube.com\/embed\/NUTcnWKl5r4?start=118&#038;feature=oembed\" frameborder=\"0\" allow=\"accelerometer; autoplay; clipboard-write; encrypted-media; gyroscope; picture-in-picture; web-share\" referrerpolicy=\"strict-origin-when-cross-origin\" allowfullscreen><\/iframe><\/p>\n<p>&#8220;<a href=\"https:\/\/www.youtube.com\/watch?v=NUTcnWKl5r4&amp;t=119s\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">SO Project Group 5 Video<\/a>&#8221; by Group 5 is licensed under YouTube.<\/p>\n<p><strong>The Uranium Situation and the Campastarene Solution<\/strong><\/p>\n<p><span style=\"font-weight: 400\">\u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 The expanded campestarenes produced by Chaudhry\u2019s team are very unique molecular compounds. The most notable property is its ability to bind strongly to uranium ions. The expanded campestarenes have an internal cavity that can specifically bind to uranium ions, forming a very stable complex. As a result, it is a useful uranium sequestering agent. Uranium sequestration describes the process of removing uranium ions from solution by strongly binding to it.<\/span><\/p>\n<p><span style=\"font-weight: 400\">\u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 This property can be extremely useful when it comes to managing uranium waste produced by nuclear reactors. With our increasing need for nuclear energy, more uranium waste is being produced. There are two types of uranium waste produced from these power plants: non-radioactive and radioactive uranium. \u00a0Radioactive uranium is dangerous to humans and the environment. It can damage one&#8217;s DNA, cells, tissues, and organs, and can also contaminate groundwater and soil, drastically impacting the environment. In addition, uranium waste is very difficult to get rid of because it takes hundreds-of-thousands of years to decompose naturally<\/span><\/p>\n<p><span style=\"font-weight: 400\">\u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 However, removing radioactive uranium is not as easy as it may seem. It is hard to differentiate the safe, non-radioactive uranium from the harmful, radioactive uranium. Therefore, by creating an expanded campestarene that can specifically bind to dangerous, radioactive uranium, it can be safely removed. This binding process is called chelation, where a molecule with specific structure allows it to target specific metal ions (like uranium).<\/span><\/p>\n<p><span style=\"font-weight: 400\">\u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0The following podcast by SCIE 300 Group talks about the daily-used chelating agents, such as chelating <a href=\"https:\/\/nyaspubs.onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/doi\/pdf\/10.1111\/j.1749-6632.1960.tb20050.x\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">food additives<\/a> and <a href=\"https:\/\/www.lenntech.com\/abstracts\/648\/purification-of-water-containing-heavy-metals-by-chelating-enhanced-ultrafiltration.html\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">chelating agents<\/a> in <a href=\"https:\/\/www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov\/pmc\/articles\/PMC4144270\/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">water purification<\/a>. Also, the podcast contains an interview with Mohammad Chaudhry about the practical implication of expanded campestarene.<\/span><\/p>\n<p><iframe loading=\"lazy\" title=\"SCIE 300 SO Project Podcast\" width=\"500\" height=\"281\" src=\"https:\/\/www.youtube.com\/embed\/FuDtqeR_SE0?feature=oembed\" frameborder=\"0\" allow=\"accelerometer; autoplay; clipboard-write; encrypted-media; gyroscope; picture-in-picture; web-share\" referrerpolicy=\"strict-origin-when-cross-origin\" allowfullscreen><\/iframe><\/p>\n<p>&#8220;<a href=\"https:\/\/www.youtube.com\/watch?v=FuDtqeR_SE0&amp;t=6s\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">SCIE 300 SO Project Podcast<\/a>&#8221; by Group 5 is licensed under YouTube<\/p>\n<p><span style=\"font-weight: 400\">\u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 Although uranium sequestration has practical applications, especially when it comes to nuclear waste, modifications to Chaudhry\u2019s expanded campestarenes still need to be made before it can be used for practical use. \u201cThis experiment was mostly an academic curiosity,\u201d Chaudhry says. However, Chaudhry\u2019s discovery has set the foundation for future research on the topic of expanded campestarenes. Perhaps in the future, the specific binding nature of expanded campestarenes can be put to applicabl<\/span><span style=\"font-weight: 400\">e use, especially in dealing with the radioactive uranium waste problem.<\/span><\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>\u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 On September 20, 2018, Mohammad Chaudhry, a Ph. D student at the University of British Columbia and his team of researchers have produced a new chemical compound known as an expanded campestarene. This new compound &hellip; <a href=\"https:\/\/blogs.ubc.ca\/communicatingscience2018w111\/2018\/11\/28\/a-new-organic-compound-has-potential-in-removing-nuclear-uranium-wastes\/\">Continue reading <span class=\"meta-nav\">&rarr;<\/span><\/a><\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":60548,"featured_media":0,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"footnotes":""},"categories":[431980,123324,1],"tags":[924,3911840,3911984,3908426,3912111],"class_list":["post-1111","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","hentry","category-outreach-project","category-science-in-the-news","category-uncategorized","tag-chemistry","tag-expanded-campastarene","tag-macrocycle","tag-nuclear-waste","tag-uranium-ion"],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/blogs.ubc.ca\/communicatingscience2018w111\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/1111","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/blogs.ubc.ca\/communicatingscience2018w111\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/blogs.ubc.ca\/communicatingscience2018w111\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/blogs.ubc.ca\/communicatingscience2018w111\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/60548"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/blogs.ubc.ca\/communicatingscience2018w111\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=1111"}],"version-history":[{"count":16,"href":"https:\/\/blogs.ubc.ca\/communicatingscience2018w111\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/1111\/revisions"}],"predecessor-version":[{"id":1118,"href":"https:\/\/blogs.ubc.ca\/communicatingscience2018w111\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/1111\/revisions\/1118"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/blogs.ubc.ca\/communicatingscience2018w111\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=1111"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/blogs.ubc.ca\/communicatingscience2018w111\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/categories?post=1111"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/blogs.ubc.ca\/communicatingscience2018w111\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/tags?post=1111"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}