{"id":382,"date":"2011-01-15T08:49:09","date_gmt":"2011-01-15T16:49:09","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/blogs.ubc.ca\/earlychildhoodintervention2\/?p=382"},"modified":"2014-11-19T15:24:19","modified_gmt":"2014-11-19T23:24:19","slug":"children-with-other-types-of-mental-illness","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/blogs.ubc.ca\/earlychildhoodintervention2\/2011\/01\/15\/children-with-other-types-of-mental-illness\/","title":{"rendered":"Children with Other Types of Mental Illness"},"content":{"rendered":"<h3>Description<\/h3>\n<p><a title=\"A repetitive and persistent pattern of acting out behaviours which violate the rights of others and social norms.\">Conduct Disorder<\/a> (see full <a href=\"https:\/\/blogs.ubc.ca\/earlychildhoodintervention1\/files\/2012\/02\/ECI_Glossary.pdf\" target=\"_blank\">Glossary<\/a>) is one of the types of mental health illnesses that may be easily missed because of a child\u2019s difficult behaviour. Children with conduct disorder may have other challenges, including <a href=\"https:\/\/blogs.ubc.ca\/earlychildhoodintervention2\/category\/2-5-children-with-other-types-of-disorders-learning-differences\/\" target=\"_blank\">learning disabilities<\/a> and <a href=\"https:\/\/blogs.ubc.ca\/earlychildhoodintervention2\/category\/2-5-children-with-other-types-of-disorders-adhd\/\" target=\"_blank\">attention deficit\/hyperactive disorders<\/a>.<\/p>\n<p>Common behaviors or responses in children with conduct disorder include the following:<\/p>\n<ul>\n<li>Stealing;<\/li>\n<li>Consistent lying;<\/li>\n<li>Setting fires;<\/li>\n<li>Not attending school;<\/li>\n<li>Breaking rules (at school and at home, in their community);<\/li>\n<li>Breaking the law (adolescents, adults);<\/li>\n<li>Destroying others\u2019 property;<\/li>\n<li>Being cruel to animals, other children and adults;<\/li>\n<li>Forcing sexual activity on others (for example, being <a title=\"Children may touch other children\u2019s genital parts, or try and penetrate (for boys) other girls or boys.\">intrusive<\/a> (see full <a href=\"https:\/\/blogs.ubc.ca\/earlychildhoodintervention1\/files\/2012\/02\/ECI_Glossary.pdf\" target=\"_blank\">Glossary<\/a>) with other children);<\/li>\n<li>Use of weapon(s) or using objects as weapons, including knives, sticks, bats and others.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p>Conduct disorders require treatment and intervention for children to overcome them. <a title=\"Psychoanalytic Therapy is a treatment for relieving mental and emotional distress. It is often known as the talking cure because its simple technique involves no action by either the patient or the therapist. It is also a method of self-investigation and a general study of human behavior. Psychoanalytic therapy is based upon the idea that much of our behavior, thoughts and attitudes are regulated by the unconscious portion of our mind and are not within ordinary conscious control.\">Psychotherapy<\/a> (see full <a href=\"https:\/\/blogs.ubc.ca\/earlychildhoodintervention1\/files\/2012\/02\/ECI_Glossary.pdf\" target=\"_blank\">Glossary<\/a>) is the recommended treatment. The aim of treatment is to begin to get the child to understand the effect their behaviors and actions have on others.<\/p>\n<h2>Oppositional Defiant Disorder or ODD:<\/h2>\n<p>Children with <a title=\"Negative, disobedient, or defiant behavior that is worse than the normal testing in children and adolescents.\">Oppositional Defiant Disorder<\/a> (see full <a href=\"https:\/\/blogs.ubc.ca\/earlychildhoodintervention1\/files\/2012\/02\/ECI_Glossary.pdf\" target=\"_blank\">Glossary<\/a>) usually show negative, hostile and defiant behaviors. Children with <a href=\"http:\/\/www.mayoclinic.org\/diseases-conditions\/oppositional-defiant-disorder\/basics\/definition\/con-20024559\" target=\"_blank\">ODD<\/a>, however, do not engage in physical aggression. To determine if a child is going through a phase of defiance or may have this disorder, it helps compare his or her behaviors to those of other children in the same age range.<\/p>\n<p>These are some of the common traits for children with ODD:<\/p>\n<ul>\n<li>Losing temper;<\/li>\n<li>Arguing with authority figures (parents, teachers); adolescents\/adults: also with boss\/supervisor while at work;<\/li>\n<li>Refusing to follow rules or requests;<\/li>\n<li>Annoying people intentionally;<\/li>\n<li>Touchy or easily annoyed by others;<\/li>\n<li>Blaming others for his or her mistakes or misbehaviors;<\/li>\n<li>Angry or resentful;<\/li>\n<li>Spiteful or vindictive.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<h3><a href=\"https:\/\/blogs.ubc.ca\/earlychildhoodintervention3\/\" target=\"_blank\">Intervention Options<\/a><sup>1<\/sup><\/h3>\n<ul>\n<li>Therapy;<\/li>\n<li>Special types of training to help build positive family interactions;<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p>Sometimes medications are used to treat related mental health conditions.<\/p>\n<h2>Eating Disorder<\/h2>\n<p>Children with eating disorders may over-eat or under-eat, however, their feeding and nutrition needs are not being met. Eating disorders involve intense emotions and attitudes, as well as unusual behaviors associated with weight and\/or food.<\/p>\n<h2>Elimination Disorders<\/h2>\n<p>Enuresis (or bed wetting), and <a title=\"Encopresis refers to the voluntary or involuntary passage of stools causing soiling of clothes by a child over 4 years of age.\">encopresis<\/a> (or passage of stools) (see full <a href=\"https:\/\/blogs.ubc.ca\/earlychildhoodintervention1\/files\/2012\/02\/ECI_Glossary.pdf\" target=\"_blank\">Glossary<\/a>) are two disorders affecting behavior related to using the bathroom.<\/p>\n<p>Enuresis: This is a medical condition where the child pees (urinating) during the night, while asleep. It is called enuresis only when children are older than six years old. Children may have small bladders. The normal capacity for children is 1 or more ounces per year of age.<\/p>\n<p>Emotional problems do not cause enuresis; but they can make this condition worse than it is.<\/p>\n<p><em>Encopresis<\/em><\/p>\n<p>This is a condition in which a child 4 years old or older, accidentally or on purpose passes feces into inappropriate places (clothing, the floor). This behavior is not caused by medication or a medical condition; however, sometimes children with <em>encopresis<\/em> become constipated.<\/p>\n<h3><a href=\"https:\/\/blogs.ubc.ca\/earlychildhoodintervention3\/\" target=\"_blank\">Intervention Options<\/a><\/h3>\n<ul>\n<li>For enuresis, the parent and physician need to measure the child\u2019s bladder (take three measures of urine or pee for a day; the largest one equals the amount the bladder can hold). Parents and professionals may help the child by helping them become aware of their <a href=\"http:\/\/www.aboutkidshealth.ca\/En\/HealthAZ\/ConditionsandDiseases\/KidneyandUrinaryDisorders\/Pages\/bed-wetting.aspx\" target=\"_blank\">condition<\/a>. Usually this condition is overcome after 10 years old.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<ul>\n<li>For encopresis, professional help is needed to find out if there is a physical cause to the problem, or <em>physiological encopresis<\/em>, or if there is an emotional cause<sup>2<\/sup>.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p><a href=\"https:\/\/blogs.ubc.ca\/earlychildhoodintervention3\/\" target=\"_blank\">Intervention options<\/a> include (a) <a title=\"Psychoanalytic Therapy is a treatment for relieving mental and emotional distress. It is often known as the talking cure because its simple technique involves no action by either the patient or the therapist. It is also a method of self-investigation and a general study of human behavior. Psychoanalytic therapy is based upon the idea that much of our behavior, thoughts and attitudes are regulated by the unconscious portion of our mind and are not within ordinary conscious control.\">psychotherapy<\/a>, (see full <a href=\"https:\/\/blogs.ubc.ca\/earlychildhoodintervention1\/files\/2012\/02\/ECI_Glossary.pdf\" target=\"_blank\">Glossary<\/a>) (b) medical treatment, (c) behavioral therapy, and (d) a combination of medical and behavioral treatments.<\/p>\n<h2>Schizophrenia<\/h2>\n<p><a href=\"http:\/\/www.webmd.com\/content\/article\/60\/67143.htm\" target=\"_blank\">This disorder<\/a> involves distorted perceptions and thoughts.<\/p>\n<p>Children with schizophrenia may show these <a href=\"http:\/\/www.nmha.org\/go\/information\/get-info\/schizophrenia\/schizoaffective-disorder\" target=\"_blank\">symptoms<\/a>:<\/p>\n<ul>\n<li>Do not show feelings (for example, they appear apathetic);<\/li>\n<li>Do not laugh or cry (for example, they are emotionally unresponsive);<\/li>\n<li>Use very few words, or limited <a href=\"https:\/\/blogs.ubc.ca\/earlychildhoodintervention1atypical\/category\/1-5-communication-development-overview\/\" target=\"_blank\">speech<\/a><span style=\"text-decoration: underline;\">;<\/span><\/li>\n<li>Do not express clear thoughts, or show confused thinking;<\/li>\n<li>May suffer from <a href=\"https:\/\/blogs.ubc.ca\/earlychildhoodintervention1atypical\/category\/1-6-cognitive-development-overview\/\" target=\"_blank\">hallucinations and delusions<\/a>;<\/li>\n<li>Show very unusual behaviors and inappropriate emotional reactions to others, for example screaming when hearing music or other sounds.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<h3><a href=\"https:\/\/blogs.ubc.ca\/earlychildhoodintervention3\/\" target=\"_blank\">Intervention Options<\/a><\/h3>\n<p>Specific interventions for any disorders should be determined by a child and youth mental health team, a medical physician or psychiatric team based on<sup>3<\/sup>:<\/p>\n<ul>\n<li>The child&#8217;s age, overall health, and medical history;<\/li>\n<li>How severe\u00a0 the child&#8217;s symptoms are;<\/li>\n<li>How the child copes with certain medications, procedures, or therapies;<\/li>\n<li>How the child\u2019s condition is progressing;<\/li>\n<li>Parents\u2019 or caregivers\u2019 opinions or preferences for one or more of these options:\n<ul>\n<li>Medical treatment;<\/li>\n<li><a title=\"Psychoanalytic Therapy is a treatment for relieving mental and emotional distress. It is often known as the talking cure because its simple technique involves no action by either the patient or the therapist. It is also a method of self-investigation and a general study of human behavior. Psychoanalytic therapy is based upon the idea that much of our behavior, thoughts and attitudes are regulated by the unconscious portion of our mind and are not within ordinary conscious control.\">Psychotherapy<\/a>; (see full <a href=\"https:\/\/blogs.ubc.ca\/earlychildhoodintervention1\/files\/2012\/02\/ECI_Glossary.pdf\" target=\"_blank\">Glossary<\/a>)<\/li>\n<li>Family therapy<sup>4<\/sup>.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<div>Parents play a vital supportive role in any treatment process.<\/div>\n<div><\/div>\n<h5>1 Source: Mayo Clinic: <a href=\"http:\/\/www.mayoclinic.com\/health\/oppositional-defiant-disorder\/DS00630\" target=\"_blank\">http:\/\/www.mayoclinic.com\/health\/oppositional-defiant-disorder\/DS00630<\/a><br \/>\n2 Source: <a href=\"http:\/\/psycnet.apa.org\/index.cfm?fa=buy.optionToBuy&amp;id=1982-10141-001\" target=\"_blank\">Ferguson, T. (1979). Diagnosis and treatment of encopresis: A review of the literature. \u00a0<em>26<\/em>(1), 24-34.<\/a><br \/>\n3 Source: <a href=\"http:\/\/www.nmha.org\/index.cfm?objectid=C7DF980C-1372-4D20-C8BA1DC89DBEAD32\" target=\"_blank\">http:\/\/www.nmha.org\/index.cfm?objectid=C7DF980C-1372-4D20-C8BA1DC89DBEAD32<\/a><br \/>\n4\u00a0\u00a0Source: Facts for families from Kidshealth: <a href=\"http:\/\/www.aacap.org\/aacap\/Families_and_Youth\/Facts_for_Families\/Home.aspx\" target=\"_blank\">http:\/\/www.aacap.org\/aacap\/Families_and_Youth\/Facts_for_Families\/Home.aspx\u00a0<\/a><br \/>\n5 Source: <a href=\"http:\/\/kidshealth.org\/parent\/emotions\/behavior\/OCD.html\" target=\"_blank\">http:\/\/kidshealth.org\/parent\/emotions\/behavior\/OCD.html<\/a> and <a href=\"http:\/\/emedicine.medscape.com\/article\/1182258-overview\" target=\"_blank\">http:\/\/emedicine.medscape.com\/article\/1182258-overview<\/a><\/h5>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>Description Conduct Disorder (see full Glossary) is one of the types of mental health illnesses that may be easily missed because of a child\u2019s difficult behaviour. Children with conduct disorder may have other challenges, including learning disabilities and attention deficit\/hyperactive disorders. Common behaviors or responses in children with conduct disorder include the following: Stealing; Consistent [&hellip;]<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":430,"featured_media":0,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"footnotes":""},"categories":[239920],"tags":[],"class_list":["post-382","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","hentry","category-2-9-children-with-other-types-of-mental-illness"],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/blogs.ubc.ca\/earlychildhoodintervention2\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/382","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/blogs.ubc.ca\/earlychildhoodintervention2\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/blogs.ubc.ca\/earlychildhoodintervention2\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/blogs.ubc.ca\/earlychildhoodintervention2\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/430"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/blogs.ubc.ca\/earlychildhoodintervention2\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=382"}],"version-history":[{"count":37,"href":"https:\/\/blogs.ubc.ca\/earlychildhoodintervention2\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/382\/revisions"}],"predecessor-version":[{"id":1373,"href":"https:\/\/blogs.ubc.ca\/earlychildhoodintervention2\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/382\/revisions\/1373"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/blogs.ubc.ca\/earlychildhoodintervention2\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=382"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/blogs.ubc.ca\/earlychildhoodintervention2\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/categories?post=382"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/blogs.ubc.ca\/earlychildhoodintervention2\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/tags?post=382"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}