I read a few articles that discuss about Southwest’s success. And the points below are a summary of those articles and can reflect the majority of the discussion on the web.
1. One Plane Fits All: Unlike the network carriers and their commuter surrogates, which operate all manner of regional jets, turboprops, and narrow-body and wide-body aircraft, Southwest flies just one plane type, the Boeing 737 series.
I just realized this point. By purchasing same type of aircraft, Southwest has saved millions of dollars on the cost of mechanic trainings and maintenance.
2. Point-to-Point Flying: Network carriers rely on a hub-and-spoke system, which laboriously collects passengers from “spoke” cities, flies them to a central “hub” airport, and then redistributes them to other spokes. Not Southwest. Most of its flying is nonstop between two points. That minimizes the time that planes sit on the ground at crowded, delay-prone hubs and allows the average Southwest aircraft to be in the air for more than an hour longer each day than a similarly sized jet flown by a network carrier. Southwest’s avoid-the-hubs strategy also pays dividends in on-time operations. According to FlightStats, Southwest’s 78 percent on-time performance in June is eight percentage points higher than the industry average and higher than that of any of its major competitors.
This is just opposite to my experiences. However I do agree that Southwest does an excellent on-time performance.
3. Simple In-Flight Service: Business travelers haven’t always loved Southwest’s über-simple service, but it’s looking better and better as competitors cut back. There is just one class of service, a decent coach cabin that is slightly more spacious than those of Southwest’s competitors. There are no assigned seats. There have never been meals, just beverages and snacks.
Keeping everything simple makes unloading, cleaning and filling another flight of passengers really fast as well.
4. No Frills, No Fees: As other carriers have rushed to remove perks and pile on fees and restrictions, Southwest has kept its customer proposition streamlined and transparent. The airline only sells one-way fares and only in a few price “buckets.” That not only keeps costs down—complex fare structures are expensive to manage—it convinces fliers that they are getting value for money. Prices are all-inclusive too. Southwest doesn’t have fuel surcharges, doesn’t charge for standby travel or ticket changes, and continues to permit travelers to check two pieces of luggage free. And since every seat on every flight is virtually identical, travelers know exactly what they will get when they make a purchase.
Southwest also has a strong management method and a relatively happy workforce. Aggressive fuel hedging is also one of the key factors to bring Southwest to success, according to the article.
~Henry