{"id":24,"date":"2019-10-03T22:21:26","date_gmt":"2019-10-04T05:21:26","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/blogs.ubc.ca\/imkelsey\/?p=24"},"modified":"2019-10-03T22:22:51","modified_gmt":"2019-10-04T05:22:51","slug":"week-six-citizenship-and-rights-in-the-new-republics","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/blogs.ubc.ca\/imkelsey\/2019\/10\/03\/week-six-citizenship-and-rights-in-the-new-republics\/","title":{"rendered":"Week Six: Citizenship and Rights in the New Republics"},"content":{"rendered":"

All of this week\u2019s readings have an \u201caction\u201d type feeling to them, that they contribute to a higher calling and whoever wrote them felt as if they specifically were in a position to help or educate others in some way. The textbook mentioned that the literature of post-emancipation represents both liberalism and scientific racism of the 19th century.<\/p>\n

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Unfortunately I didn\u2019t really understand Nina Rodrigues\u2019 \u201cThe Fetishist Anamism of the Bahian Blacks,\u201d and I didn\u2019t quite see the point of the Santa Rita de Casia y San L\u00e1zaro Manifesto. So I\u2019ll comment on those in a limited manner, based on what I did understand.<\/div>\n
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From the perspective of someone living in a generally liberal society looking back on historical moments, I found that all these works fell in either \u201cliberal\u201d or \u201ccould be liberal\u201d or \u201cscientific racism\u201d categories. Also, I identified many instances of the \u201caffect\u201d theme that Jon mentioned in the video lecture throughout the readings, and I\u2019d like to analyse that too.<\/div>\n
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I think the point of Nina Rodrigues\u2019 text was to understand the different religious customs of Afro-Brazilians. He interestingly pointed out that the \u201cAfrican element\u201d of their culture had been \u201cdiluted\u201d in the diverse environment of Brazil, and that the only pure thing left was \u201cthe feeling that animates beliefs.\u201d Take that as you will, here the idea of \u201cfeeling\u201d or \u201caffect\u201d comes up. Is Nina Rodrigues using the affect argument to deny these people access to equal, unemotional rights? Or to define specific rights that would suit them? I think this work fits into the \u201cscientific racism\u201d category.<\/div>\n
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I was surprised at how liberal the Political Program of the Partido Independiente de Color was! Some of what they call for is even controversial today, like the free university idea. I think this fits into the \u201cliberal\u201d category. Words like \u201clove\u201d and \u201cworthy\u201d are used to address the nation and its citizens, respectively. Did this \u201caffect\u201d aspect affect how rights and responsibilities are defined within the nation, with all of its diversity?<\/div>\n
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The only thing I managed to analyse from the Santa Rita de Casia y San L\u00e1zaro Manifesto is that death symbolism was used a lot in the wake of a massacre (context given by the textbook). Liberal notions of this text are paired with imagery of death: \u201cDeath is Nature\u2019s justice,\u201d and mentions of everyone being equal since everyone is born to die. Also interesting is the amount of times they declare they are \u201ctrue Christians.\u201d Is this to appeal to whoever they are writing to? This plays on the cultural\/feelings\/affect argument I believe. Elites may have a better impression of them if they share spiritual values.<\/div>\n
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Brush Strokes by Echenique is almost explicitly liberal. She critiques affect in favour of women\u2019s rights and emancipation. She clearly rejects tradition, stating that \u201cthe women of today are not the women of the past.\u201d And she defines rights and emancipation in the context of women: they must be more philosophical.<\/div>\n
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In Josefina Pelliza de Sagasta\u2019s piece, she takes the opposite stance and fights for tradition, mostly on the basis of \u201caffect\u201d spirituality. This immediately seems illiberal, as she calls for tradition and not progress, but interestingly her support for women (at least women in her own class) is quite uplifting and inspirational. She clearly uses the idea of \u201caffect\u201d as she praises womanhood through words like \u201clove\u201d and \u201cexalted.\u201d Also her use of empowering words like \u201cqueens\u201d and \u201cstrong\u201d could be seen as catering to the individual.<\/div>\n
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One last thing: I feel like these readings especially pointed out some flaws of liberalism (building off the discussion my section got into on Tuesday!). Can liberalism lead to the loss of individuality while trying to protect the concept of the individual? All for the \u201cgreater good\u201d of society? I think this especially shows in Echenique\u2019s writing, she almost calls for the erasure of female feeling in favour of emancipation. Just a thought!<\/div>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"

All of this week\u2019s readings have an \u201caction\u201d type feeling to them, that they contribute to a higher calling and whoever wrote them felt as if they specifically were in a position to help or educate others in some way. The textbook mentioned that the literature of post-emancipation represents both liberalism and scientific racism of […]<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":67578,"featured_media":0,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"footnotes":""},"categories":[519240],"tags":[4375,3066,5130,54654,130,335667,109],"class_list":["post-24","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","hentry","category-week-six","tag-argentina","tag-brazil","tag-cuba","tag-feminism","tag-latin-america","tag-liberalism","tag-racism"],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/blogs.ubc.ca\/imkelsey\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/24","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/blogs.ubc.ca\/imkelsey\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/blogs.ubc.ca\/imkelsey\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/blogs.ubc.ca\/imkelsey\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/67578"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/blogs.ubc.ca\/imkelsey\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=24"}],"version-history":[{"count":2,"href":"https:\/\/blogs.ubc.ca\/imkelsey\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/24\/revisions"}],"predecessor-version":[{"id":26,"href":"https:\/\/blogs.ubc.ca\/imkelsey\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/24\/revisions\/26"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/blogs.ubc.ca\/imkelsey\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=24"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/blogs.ubc.ca\/imkelsey\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/categories?post=24"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/blogs.ubc.ca\/imkelsey\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/tags?post=24"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}