{"id":189,"date":"2021-08-11T10:12:23","date_gmt":"2021-08-11T17:12:23","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/blogs.ubc.ca\/jieunk\/?page_id=189"},"modified":"2021-08-11T10:12:23","modified_gmt":"2021-08-11T17:12:23","slug":"assignment-13-revised-three-definitions","status":"publish","type":"page","link":"https:\/\/blogs.ubc.ca\/jieunk\/assignment-13-revised-three-definitions\/","title":{"rendered":"Assignment 1:3 \u2013 Revised Three Definitions"},"content":{"rendered":"

The objectives of this assignment are first, to appreciate the importance and role of definition in technical writing, to understand how audience and purpose indicate the need for definition, to differentiate between the levels of details in definition, and finally, to select the right level of detail according to the situation.<\/p>\n

Students will choose a relatively complex term used in their discipline or profession and introduce and explain the term to \u201cnon-technical readers.\u201d<\/p>\n

 <\/p>\n

Term:<\/u><\/strong><\/p>\n

CPU(Central Processing Unit)<\/p>\n

 <\/p>\n

Reading Situation:<\/u><\/strong><\/p>\n

A professor in the Introduction to Computer Systems course explains the term CPU to students who have no prior knowledge of computer science.<\/p>\n

 <\/p>\n

Parenthetical Definition:<\/u><\/strong><\/p>\n

CPU is an acronym that stands for \u201cCentral Processing Unit\u201d, which is the main processing chip that acts as the \u201cbrain\u201d of a computer.<\/p>\n

 <\/p>\n

Sentence Definition:<\/u><\/strong><\/p>\n

The CPU is an integrated circuit chip of all kinds of computing devices that processes instructions comprising a program.<\/p>\n

 <\/p>\n

 <\/p>\n

Expanded definition:<\/u><\/strong><\/p>\n

 <\/p>\n

1.What is a CPU?<\/strong><\/p>\n

\"\"<\/p>\n

figure1.1 Illustration of a CPU<\/p>\n

source: https:\/\/www.computerhope.com\/jargon\/c\/cpu.htm<\/p>\n

 <\/p>\n

The CPU is responsible for carrying out all tasks in a computer. The CPU runs the operating system and applications, constantly receiving input from the user or active software programs. It processes the data and produces output, which may stored by an application or displayed on the screen (Christensson, 2014).<\/p>\n

 <\/p>\n

 <\/p>\n

2.History of a CPU<\/strong><\/p>\n

2-1. First Generation (1940 \u2013 1955)<\/strong><\/p>\n

Vacuum Tubes are the first generation of CPUs. It used very big size Vacuum Tubes and Magnetic Drums for memory. They were very expensive. The computer could solve one problem at the same time. Computers used the punched cards or paper tape for input\/output devices.<\/p>\n

 <\/p>\n

2-2. Second Generation (1959 \u2013 1965)<\/strong><\/p>\n

The second generation of CPUs used transistors that made the computers become cheaper, smaller, and faster. However, it still had the same problem with the vacuum tube, the heat generation, which caused the computer malfunctions. It still used the punched cards for input\/output.<\/p>\n

 <\/p>\n

2-3. Third Generation (1965 \u2013 1971)<\/strong><\/p>\n

The third generation was the first use of integrated circuits, which could run more than one program at once times. It did not use the punched card for input\/output. It had a central program that monitored the memory.<\/p>\n

 <\/p>\n

2-4. Fourth Generation (1971 \u2013 1980)<\/strong><\/p>\n

The fourth generation of CPUs used microprocessors that had thousands of integrated circuits in a single chip. In 1971, the first modern CPU, the Intel 4004, was invented and developed at Intel with the help of Ted Hoff. Since then, computers became more powerful and cheaper.<\/p>\n

 <\/p>\n

2-5. Fifth Generation (1980 \u2013 Present)<\/strong><\/p>\n

In the fifth generation, the production of microprocessor chips has ten million electronic components with the availability of very powerful and compact computers at cheaper rates.\u00a0 This generation is based on parallel processing hardware and Artificial Intelligence software.<\/p>\n

 <\/p>\n

3.How does a CPU work?<\/strong><\/p>\n

A computer unit is made up conceptually of three major components, ALU(the arithmetic\/logic unit), CU(the control unit), and Registers(Memory Unit). The ALU and CU together are known as the CPU.<\/p>\n

\"\"<\/p>\n

figure1.2 Major Component of Computer<\/p>\n

source: https:\/\/www.computerhope.com\/jargon\/c\/cpu.htm<\/p>\n

\n

3-1. ALU (The Arithmetic\/Logic Unit)<\/strong><\/p>\n

The ALU performs mathematical, logical, and decision operations. It is where the data is held temporarily and where calculations take place. Arithmetic instructions include addition, subtraction, and shifting operations, while logic instructions include boolean comparisons, such as AND, OR, XOR, and NOT operations.<\/p>\n

 <\/p>\n

3-2. CU (The Control Unit)<\/strong><\/p>\n

The CU controls the flow of data within the CPU. It directs and interprets the execution of instructions as well as determines the particular instruction to be executed by reading the contents of the instructions.<\/p>\n

 <\/p>\n

3-3. Registers (The Memory Unit)<\/strong><\/p>\n

The Registers are high-speed storage areas that ALU uses to store data during calculations. It holds a binary value temporarily for storage, manipulation, and\/or for simple calculations (Irv, 2014).<\/p>\n

 <\/p>\n

3-4. Operation of a CPU<\/strong><\/p>\n

The fundamental operation of a CPU is to execute the sequence of stored instructions, and each cycle must be synchronized to work together smoothly. The cycle is called an instruction cycle, and the clock rate is one of the crucial factors to determine the performance or speed of a CPU.<\/p>\n