Most products go through the typical introduction phase, growth phase, maturity, and then decline. Consumer electronics in particular seem to have very short product life cycles, with new flagship smartphones and computers coming from manufacturers every year. However, one day while eating fries with delicious Heinz ketchup, I suddenly realized that Heinz ketchup never seems to go into decline. It’s been in existence for over 130 years and unlike other products, it didn’t need to adjust to competitors, or come out with a new version. It simply existed, and succeeded. Even Coca Cola needs to come up with a new product once in a while (eg. Coke zero) to compete in the market, and they often resort to international marketing strategies to stay competitive. Meanwhile, Heinz just continues to produce its signature ketchup and reap the profits. I still don’t understand what makes Heinz ketchup stay in the maturity phase of its product life cycle forever. Why does this not happen with any other product?