Category Archives: Families

Helianthus annuus, annual sunflower

G/31/57 Girasole ( Helianthus annuus )Helianthus annuus, annual sunflower

Family: Asteraceae

Description

This annual is unusual for its vigorous growth. Growing 2-3m in height, this species is easily recognizable for large ray florets on towering stalks with broad, dark green leaves. Flowers range in color from bright yellow to rusty red. There are many different varieties with some only reaching waist height.  This species’ pollen is known to provide health benefits to bees.

Growing conditions:

This species is easy to grow and has incredibly deep taproots that can find moisture, even in drought, when planted in deep soil.

Suitable uses:

This species is not cultivated for seeds, but rather for its ornamental and ecological value. Not only does this annual benefit bee species, but also provides the preferred food for many beautiful birds. While the form can be difficult to design with, it can offer a whimsical presence.  Children in particular love this species, making this a good option for a playground or community garden. Helianthus annuus is also ideal in a tall grass prairie.

https://www.flickr.com/photos/oregonstateuniversity/14880676730/in/photolist-oEXmKU-9pnw9W-9sa2bM-dmApRi-dbFusF-ffJKbB-oCoBUs-bWbDKu-wy2453-6SSq4r-8vX7V3-a1h2FU-f3vx5E-2c16Mz-apdVzW-9Cwmd2-8ehFYS-orRY8W-EavvkE-5eAa3w-nBG7MV-aqSYi7-4kPzKL-9sa2eX-9sgfe9-eZdLKy-awzWs5-9sgf6f-9sdfhX-9sgeD5-9sdfxp-aw4ncR-9sa3k6-9sdfq8-NTwNb-NU49k-NU3St-9sa288-itLe9-bWbzZU-a76WdA-bWbAwW-9sdfFD-bWbBJU-9sgfeY-9sd1Su-qmogh-8tQvY7-9sdfAt-9sgf5o

CC Image courtesy of Oregon State University on Flickr

https://www.flickr.com/photos/44055945@N06/6077395118/in/photolist-ag3eQs-bWbAQ9-asBqc4-nBpcFx-9pnwiA-9sd2eb-bWbCBG-bWbBvb-bWbDnj-9sgf2q-9pnwow-n1kupK-9sdeZg-cPdjq9-9pzXRQ-6SStkT-aqSZth-bWbD5f-9sd1W1-aR8pHn-bWbCp7-9sgfam-6SWx1C-9sd1bY-9sdePt-bWbC6E-6SSsUt-9sa2Yg-6SSsGz-bTkqED-wR9vXB-9sd1to-9sa3bH-9sa34T-57J6o2-9sd1GY-aqSYFy-a24dki-t9qem-aqSXxL-9scZTJ-8DGBMN-a5mBrJ-a275tC-9sdffi-9sd17S-6p2bEh-aqQjBT-2fa1Zc-JZfNa

CC Image courtesy of Mathesont on Flickr

Anemone hupehensis, Japanese anemone

anemone hupehensisAnemone hupehensis, Japanese anemone

Family: Ranunculaceae

Description

This perennial is notable for attractive flowers and lightly hairy buds that are situated on long stems extending above dark green foliage. Leaves are compound, either palmately or pedately lobed. Flowers are characterized by three petals that are backed by three sepals with a central cluster of yellow stamens. Flowers range in color including white, pink, and lavender and will typically bloom from late summer to early fall. This species tends to form large colonies with a range of cultivars available of differing heights.

Growing conditions:

Anemone hupehensis is an extremely low maintenance perennial that is often aggressive. It is best in partial shade, but can be quite adaptable to full sun, especially with continued access to summer moisture.

Suitable uses:

Because this species will readily colonize large areas, it is best to use this perennial to fill a large space. As its needs little maintenance, an industrial or institutional location would be an appropriate site.

https://www.flickr.com/photos/tgerus/8274259726/in/photolist-8usx6u-8CqXVL-6L9fgE-5n6xE1-aerMeU-dLxuAj-8u5u3o-yVoU4w-e4Qb5v-dcwGyg-5sLP9x-5sLNUp-73jHPR-frhu93-dBaK6A-6V6ALi-7EyvuH-7EyuLZ-bpLmUG-6V5ydx-8uptZv-8Lty3k-e4pYUU-o7Vy4-ALgq2N-e5RPfc-782poz-dBaK9s-dUsMCG-5c9cfw-dUsMtu-D55kok-oHBmj6-5EikQ5-dUnaxa-8v6Eyr-dUsMi9-dUsLVA-6PCBtj-dUnava-sdkUAJ-z3dGUq-9BB4zf-fGVGng-dUsMy3-yCSZjs-xYBhrX-yWhnht-KriXUu-dUsM1y

CC Image courtesy of Tatters ❀ on Flickr

https://www.flickr.com/photos/tanaka_juuyoh/2951027046/in/photolist-5uLMwE-dfmyFs-e5fFG8-wErv5G-pmAZPJ-8usx6u-8CqXVL-6L9fgE-5n6xE1-aerMeU-dLxuAj-8u5u3o-yVoU4w-e4Qb5v-dcwGyg-5sLP9x-5sLNUp-73jHPR-frhu93-dBaK6A-6V6ALi-7EyvuH-7EyuLZ-bpLmUG-6V5ydx-8uptZv-8Lty3k-e4pYUU-o7Vy4-ALgq2N-e5RPfc-782poz-dBaK9s-dUsMCG-5c9cfw-dUsMtu-D55kok-oHBmj6-5EikQ5-dUnaxa-8v6Eyr-dUsMi9-dUsLVA-6PCBtj-dUnava-sdkUAJ-z3dGUq-9BB4zf-fGVGng-dUsMy3

        CC Image courtesy of          TANAKA Juuyoh (田中十洋) on Flickr

Crocosmia ‘Lucifer’, Lucifer montbretia

crocosmia luciferCrocosmia ‘Lucifer’, Lucifer montbretia

Family: Iridaceae

Description

Crocosmia ‘Lucifer’ is easily recognizable for its robust, broad leaves and succession of dark red tubular flowers. This fast growing perennial can become quite large with a tendency to flop over and obliterate smaller plants. Flowers are attractive to hummingbirds, or even small birds that can be supported by resilient stems. Though it is fairly late to leaf out in spring, by mid-late august it will die completely to the ground.

Growing conditions:

This species thrives in full-part sun with rich, well-drained soil. To limit extreme vigor, it is better behaved in very dry soils.

Suitable uses:

As the darkest and largest of all Crocosmia species, Crocosmia ‘Lucifer’ adds striking drama and texture in the landscape. It can be used in a border, with consideration to its scale and vigor. It is best to keep away from delicate plants that are easily out-shaded or trampled.

https://www.flickr.com/photos/dbarronoss/5880649095/in/photolist-9XDS6D-fupi2q-fho5MV-cQU2Zh-oaZJ9r-cjnMAh-72ySYo-6HPYMS-6Y1nHD-nMoBDJ-cR9AYE-5r3VyX-2jpif8-ckNeTd-fqks7a-93boJM-chktAA-cir7GE-fe6Ds7-2kqAc5-58DZhA-a2mpHz-9ZdseP-2ub6px-8j9MeM-6Z27jL-oEqL15-zhd2H6-o1KuEk-2ubjc2-55j4iP-nYSw1s-2ufqPy-o6PwpB-2nmGtn-2nmHcz-8oYAic-2mp89K-5beSEi-2GRucP-2GVMS3-6YoTHF-XWuKA-5aK97R-cKjHT9-o8KUVs-vXdqmN-vXdw7h-wfgnYB-cQU2aU

CC Image courtesy of dbarronoss on Flickr

https://www.flickr.com/photos/granvillestout/2908909899/in/photolist-5r3VyX-2jpif8-ckNeTd-fqks7a-93boJM-chktAA-cir7GE-fe6Ds7-oEqL15-nYSw1s-o6PwpB-2mp89K-2kqAc5-2GRucP-2GVMS3-a2mpHz-9ZdseP-2ub6px-8j9MeM-6Z27jL-zhd2H6-o1KuEk-2ubjc2-55j4iP-2ufqPy-2nmGtn-2nmHcz-8oYAic-5beSEi-6YoTHF-58DZhA-XWuKA-5aK97R-2GVLRj-cKjHT9-8MkCek-6QF8xD-2GRwZT-2GVNU9-vDFabz-2nkXer-6DJCzn-p2dMw-6DFFvy-2mEAA1-fetdak-8oYL1v-54BsN1-fetcYB-5aK8Pg

      CC Image courtesy of       Granville Stout on Flickr

Dierama pulchellum, angel’s fishing rod

Dierama pulchellumDierama pulchellum, angel’s fishing rod

Family: Iridaceae

Description

This perennial is notable for its delicate weeping form with bell-shaped fuchsia flowers that hang down. Characteristic of the Iridaceae family, these plants have leaves that emerge in a two-dimensional plane. Flowers are gimbaled, or materialize on their own stalks, with persistent silvery/brown bracts.

Growing conditions:

This is a zone 8 tender plant, and should not be grown at high elevations. It is happiest in well-drained soil that does not have organic matter on the soil surface. It is more robust in rich soil.

Suitable uses:

Dierama pulchellum adds movement to the landscape and is particularly lovely fluttering in the wind. It is best in a more open planting, without too much crowding. It works well on a slope in the sun, or next to a building where it receives reflected heat. Grasses can be an attractive complement to this species.

https://www.flickr.com/photos/jim-sf/3838648228/in/photolist-JbeEVJ-nR4Co3-6SXEsf-DoCUrJ-6z7aNf-ddTaMw-o7bUWo-ddTagk-6RdjBh-6R9enH-6R9bKp-K41yx3-6Rd5o9-ikJMY-Fj21oq-Ex8D5k

    CC Image courtesy of James Gaither on Flickr

https://www.flickr.com/photos/ngawangchodron/27134091013/in/photolist-fiH33a-czdBCY-o6xktF-HJqcT4-afkTRp-czdC9o-6BG48Y-cptfa7-oyqbeZ-8hyAgR-a4WknK-6Rd5o9-cxCLsJ-afoGgG-aRP7eM-czdAyq-9YwcA8-okxH4H-fmiHTF-8hBSG5-ar1G4E-9Yz6N5-8gSsYA-nGASro-HkKiVp-Ex8D5k-6z7aNf-o7bUWo-K41yx3-cxCKFJ-cxCKV9-6R9enH-fmxRNA-6R9bKp-6RdjBh-orLVUf-ddTaMw-5CzTJk-5Jymcj-Fj21oq-a4Vkqv-8jDxms-XJL5K-HkKi9V-wdMAYy-h1xZsZ-ddTagk-3q8Nj-6zD9aC-oeBxJ7

CC Image courtesy of Lotus Johnson on Flickr

Allium giganteum, giant purple allium

Allium gigantiumAllium giganteum, giant purple allium

Family: Amaryllidaceae

Description

As one of the largest allium species, this is notable for its whimsical form. Large upright stalks produce coconut-sized spherical panicles of purple flowers that persist for 4-5 weeks. It has a tendency to slightly lean over and leaves will begin to die back as flowers emerge. It is a bulbous perennial that dies to ground each year. Unlike many other perennials, this species will increase in numbers over the years.

Growing conditions:

Allium giganteum prefers well-drained soils with moderate moisture in full-part sun. In shade, flowering stalks have a tendency to lean more, but will also flower longer.

Suitable uses:

This unusual perennial adds dynamism and playfulness to the landscape. It can be quite successful at the back of the border to add vertical flowering interest, and where other plants nearer the front can hide the basal leaves as they die back.

https://www.flickr.com/photos/mshades/168882255/in/photolist-F6xdcn-iTDRnr-8h2DQz-9Q8gKV-fVyP2-nF7yv2-fVyFN-fVycc-JbM2gM-fxqiP/

CC Image courtesy of Chris Gladis on Flickr

https://www.flickr.com/photos/greenplasticamy/5795464743/in/photolist-F6xdcn-iTDRnr-8h2DQz-9Q8gKV-fVyP2-nF7yv2-fVyFN-fVycc-JbM2gM-fxqiP

CC Image courtesy of amy on Flickr

Oenothera biennis, evening primrose

Oenothera biennisOenothera biennis, evening primrose

Family: Onagraceae

Description

This biennial plant produces a fairly large rosette in the first year, and follows with a succession floppy, yellow flowers in its second year of growth. Historically Oenthera biennis was a classic physic garden plant, cultivated as a treatment for a variety of ailments, including “hysteria” in women. Flowers emerge at night and is traditionally pollinated by moths, such as the sphinx moth, that use long tongues to reach the ovary at the base of flower. The multi branched stems are slightly sticky to the touch.

Growing conditions:

Oenothera biennis prefers well-drained soils in sunny locations. It is often considered weedy and will tolerate a variety of conditions.

Suitable uses:

This could be a useful addition to a site with poor soils, such as an industrial site. This species is known to show up in waste sites or along roadsides. It is very difficult to find in a nursery.

https://www.flickr.com/photos/139223434@N08/26455285705/in/photolist-GiLfKB-GiLNmT-8jjWdy-amdrXb-FovanZ-88bssD-8uyzrj-HB5oVX-8qfob3-pLGFp-abacsQ-a8sqko-6zbre5-sdVkp-7tq1ou-7tpRhW-aVuJk4-7tpSaA-cTobwA-6Kjbrs-JyRQE5-fv6SR4-7tpQeC-7tq1US-cYnLWC-cA7SoC-cAxdub-cA7UXu-bozKxq-Dv8Sg1-8AWJZw-7tm4ba-FH9X7j-8sNAFz-8nbphz-cA7PAL-fw85WB-8sRCy7-7tkVFi-a2tC4f-fiDdQF-6ULC4d-zCYNx3-8BRJz9-cbAZ8y-n1aqP-xoD9qA-6WehET-p3fDwq-7CQv4C

CC Image courtesy of PhotoPhoto33 on Flickr

https://www.flickr.com/photos/steveguttman/2760346828/in/photolist-a4Zcwc-EgxzkF-6QF7vn-FojFr9-FovbEi-5qWT1T-2PVKSz-d2VXNd-4WDcYQ-51HgdK-5cVuWG-8qfo9j-ojPBbu-gZ8TH7-bAjCQF-xcTJSN-xyuvcJ-yn8Nys-wMAZb9-Fow7Ni-uH1m8U-bnpKEL-abacR3-4WyL2H-4WyL3r-yo4A8v-fs3KKs-8qfoa5-4WyL2B-rsw34m-qNj7QH-7ffM13-K5WncJ-Kp9Dj2-Ktbf4G-7TNG8e-2xyYJe-j1JhHV-4WyL3a-egupf8-bUeR2X-8qcezD-5evuHJ-2xyYJT-r3Hsh-qN6SbN-4WyL2e-zU4CQM-KihRK9-KhDCJd/

CC Image courtesy of Steve Guttman NYC on Flickr

Lysimachia clethroides, gooseneck loosestrife

Lysimachia clethroidesLysimachia clethroides, gooseneck loosestrife

Family: Primulaceae

Description:

This long-lived perennial is colony forming, spreading by rhizomes, and reaching 2-3 feet in height. This species is most recognizable for elegant S-shaped racemes of small white flowers. Flowering time is usually from June- July.

Growing conditions:

This species grows well in moist, rich soils with full-part sun. Lysimachia clethroides can be quite vigorous in ideal locations (though less aggressive compared to other Lysimachia species).

Suitable uses:

This species works well in a woodland garden, with space allocated for large colonies to form. Tolerating moist soils, this species can thrive near ponds and streams, or within a wet meadow.

https://www.flickr.com/photos/brandauer/2618671635/in/photolist-pZX37c-qE8Kkb-2LUoeZ-ck4PdS-fqc3fF-54o258-8jp29n-2LYL9L-8pWZE4-2LUpG2-aqx3W9-oeozWz-9WQFY9-4Zprb6-4ZpnQX-21i2ie-hRnAJE-nWUX8s-9WQFQQ-4WXx9k-aemKbi-cXG2p5-2LYNxb-2LYPxQ-2LUp2K-5CPKPR-2LUngk-2LUoFx-2ttLoz-aiQRnq-FT2Sg-6FEpvM-6EA5zW-ck4NVu-e3rK5j-dgyCUP-8iRynm-dgyD2x-dgyCVz/

        CC Image courtesy of John Brandauer on Flickr

https://www.flickr.com/photos/brandauer/2618682837/in/photolist-pZX37c-qE8Kkb-2LUoeZ-ck4PdS-fqc3fF-54o258-8jp29n-2LYL9L-8pWZE4-2LUpG2-aqx3W9-oeozWz-9WQFY9-4Zprb6-4ZpnQX-21i2ie-hRnAJE-nWUX8s-9WQFQQ-4WXx9k-aemKbi-cXG2p5-2LYNxb-2LYPxQ-2LUp2K-5CPKPR-2LUngk-2LUoFx-2ttLoz-aiQRnq-FT2Sg-6FEpvM-6EA5zW-ck4NVu-e3rK5j-dgyCUP-8iRynm-dgyD2x-dgyCVz

            CC Image courtesy of               John Brandauer on Flickr

Echium vulgare, viper’s bugloss

Echium VulgareEchium vulgare, viper’s bugloss

Family: Boraginaceae

Description:

Typically grown for beautiful flowers, this species has pink buds that turn azure blue the next day. Filaments remain reddish and offer contrast to the blue petals. Stems are bristly with a caterpillar-like appearance. Flowers emerge in May or June and persist through September. Bees love this long blooming species.

Growing conditions:

This species grows best in dry soils with full sun and can tolerate poor soils.

Suitable uses:

This species is nitrogen fixing, and can be used for bioremediation or within industrial sites. It is known to appear in waste sites, and along railways or roadsides. In dryer regions, this species can be weedy.

https://www.flickr.com/photos/38211875@N00/9173308229/in/photolist-eYBAWH-9bxrW-ejdiDi-nUsND9-eYDgPH-FD8sxM-gnmG9-a1jXxW-dkZc5P-NH1nE-xCtY9L-dkZfny-8nRUUs-yDNk4-ndFs3u-nGnEcj-eXZEeU-gRSJfw-ejdhYa-a1jY33-nacrPK-nV8Shb-ejdhb4-6yaFQR-dRJ7x-6DDVfr-8eEtVW-xZJ8K-nUt6wX-obXq4k-6nSN8e-5MvWZC-qRBBmv-6nSNCe-eQhp1s-D34foB-a9LP8G-2RkddF-FoqAke-sU6nDx-a2jqZq-CHdQbb-37zLQR-xZy8ek-xZy1fv-a2jqZf-23jE45-a2jqZ3-6KEE5L-nDGPH

CC Image courtesy of Tony Court on Flickr

Echium vulgarum_1

CC Image courtesy of lezumbalaberenjena on Flickr

Typha latifolia, cattail

Typha latifoliaTypha latifolia, cattail

Family: Typhaceae

Description:

This tall native grass species will reach 2.5-3 meters in height with strong upright stems. Inflorescence is characteristic of the plant with velvety brown compact conical flowers. This is a monecious species with male flowers situated directly above female flowers. Leaves are flat and generally as tall as the inflorescence.   Typha latifolia will die back in the winter, turning brown, but maintain its structure. This species is known to offer important habitat for birds. Redwing blackbirds will exclusively nest in Typha latifolia.

Growing conditions:

This is an aquatic grass that needs shallow water. It will aggressively takeover any shallow water and can eventually spur ecological succession. One method for controlling Typha latifolia is with the presence of beavers. Without beavers, physical removal is necessary for preventing succession, especially in a small pond.

Suitable uses:

Typha latifolia can be used in ponds or saturated areas, either in an ornamental or restoration context. It is useful for bio remediation, detoxifying water and extracting heavy metals from soil.  This will only perform a function of bio remediation during four months of the year.

https://www.flickr.com/photos/brucekirchoff/22954360512/in/photolist-AYp6Eq-AZzQLH-HdvS1N-HdDS2n-ng9rx-8iz7cD-d4nWjW-HuYyud-7swDEY-HuVcgY-7AZ9cz-bswpeh-8LrzJH-7jMjR2-iXeqRV-HDuFJD-7jRdjY-bgptDD-HebomN-7RfbiE-4gm3DE-mn2F7U-4kk8hk-JLffiM-mn1j3v-dugAKW-A3y9Fo-a2Snjz-GHTNE8-7kaK8k-7kaJYP-6PzVKZ-4x36Qg-JHgEJY-9Jq3nh-bFrgEc-b9yujK-3uopo-ojcqR8-7wUArS-duaVan-JHgM65-CofMAW-7keCCf-8aBuxq-8t7tW6-6PzVUX-6PE3Z3-9qFBjX-dkJc4k

         CC Image courtesy of           Bruce Kirchoff on Flickr

https://www.flickr.com/photos/37939196@N00/25129936415/in/photolist-EhDuzM-7b5F4d-oD8oTK-a2StUT-ozjLJF-e2RgFV-oiSNu6-djSAvY-9c4FDm-a2VeG1-aPhJdp-pWyZJh-oaN9rh-dA1xvN-iNUCM4-a2Sxa4-aPhJoc-iNUP2p-cBeDsE-qsyjLk-43Hd5s-dToQ4-5HMgXh-oQnTKz-fELGfj-ePpPP4-5ooevY-6hVt6H-iigdRs-iigveX-e2WXgd-nY6FTK-pLzFDL-6hZxyG-8AjtQv-iNVD8c-8FijcF-a94zrF-ePpJFe-7aV7G8-8puPh4-raQFKZ-hR2uRY-f5HyYa-iNVLBk-8deR5C-KJKFP-6hZyCG-hR2mq1-iNYGbo

CC Image courtesy of emmapatsie on Flickr

Schoenoplectus acutus, hardstem bulrush


Schoenoplectus acutusSchoenoplectus acutus,
hardstem bulrush

Family: Cyperaceae

Description:

This native grass species has a long history of cultivation, with significant use by First Nations. Comprised of hallow pithy stems, Schoenoplectus acutus was traditionally used as insulation and for mattresses. This water-adapted species grows prolifically and reaches 2-3 meters in height with a pale brown inflorescence at the top of each stem.

Growing conditions:

This grass likes to be submerged in water and is typically found in the shallows of freshwater marshes.

Suitable uses:

This is a suitable grass for a freshwater pond or marsh and can be useful in restoration projects.   It does not outcompete other grasses or non-native colonizers, and may require regular maintenance when establishing. It is quite striking with light casting through the tall stems making this species valuable both ecologically and ornamentally.

https://www.flickr.com/photos/zharkikh/9595109533/in/photolist-dfCSZv-bFrguv-bWZMFA-dfCVL1-bFrhiF-bFrhkF-bswpME-bFrgxR-dfCVs3-bswoPj-bDDzUb-bDDzEj-ebLWsB-eW8AXq-eVWbuV-ebSBhh-mWGw6n-fBTrLZ-x6ZDdG-eVWbcV-fBSenW-eALKNP-eVWcog-gLtRoh-eAPU6N-eAPUob-gLtj6M-mWJzg5-eALK2t-eARo7j-HKENYF-Jz2Ap6-JwSzWd-JFTGng-JFTxbk-Jz2KSK/

CC Image courtesy of Andrey Zharkikh on Flickr

https://www.flickr.com/photos/plant_diversity/27404809103/in/photolist-dfCSZv-bFrguv-bWZMFA-dfCVL1-bFrhiF-bFrhkF-bswpME-bFrgxR-dfCVs3-bswoPj-bDDzUb-bDDzEj-ebLWsB-eW8AXq-eVWbuV-ebSBhh-mWGw6n-fBTrLZ-x6ZDdG-eVWbcV-fBSenW-eALKNP-eVWcog-gLtRoh-eAPU6N-eAPUob-gLtj6M-mWJzg5-eALK2t-eARo7j-HKENYF-Jz2Ap6-JwSzWd-JFTGng-JFTxbk-Jz2KSK

CC Image courtesy of Matt Lavin on Flickr