Surface temperature anomalies are often observed and associated with phenomena of climate change. Although the scholarly research surrounding the driving mechanisms of STA is somewhat vague, there seems to be a general consensus within the scientific community that the main driving factor of the anomalies is anthropogenic in nature. A study conducted by Mikšovský et al. considers both solar and volcanic activity as possible climate forcings in addition to anthropogenic forcing, but their results show “mostly statistically insignificant connections to solar activity”, and volcanic forcing only seems to have an impact on a global scale (231). In another study, authors noticed an increasing correlation between SSTA in the western North Pacific and the formation of ENSO in the subsequent year. They determined that “greenhouse gases (GHGs) are largely responsible for this observed increase” (Wang et al. 6309). Therefore, it can be assumed that as humans continue to increasingly emit greenhouse gases, the frequency of STA will also increase.