{"id":735,"date":"2019-02-08T19:59:03","date_gmt":"2019-02-09T02:59:03","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/blogs.ubc.ca\/mrpletsch\/?p=735"},"modified":"2019-02-08T20:02:58","modified_gmt":"2019-02-09T03:02:58","slug":"circulatory-system-part-2-the-heart-and-major-vessels","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/blogs.ubc.ca\/mrpletsch\/2019\/02\/08\/circulatory-system-part-2-the-heart-and-major-vessels\/","title":{"rendered":"Circulatory System Part 2: The Heart and Major Vessels"},"content":{"rendered":"<p>This section is mostly focused on the exciting world of memorization. There are a lot of pieces and important structures in the heart and circulatory system and this section is focusing on building the terminology and the &#8220;map&#8221; of our system.<\/p>\n<h3>The Heart<\/h3>\n<p><iframe loading=\"lazy\" width=\"700\" height=\"394\" src=\"https:\/\/www.youtube.com\/embed\/ruM4Xxhx32U?feature=oembed\" frameborder=\"0\" allow=\"accelerometer; autoplay; encrypted-media; gyroscope; picture-in-picture\" allowfullscreen><\/iframe><\/p>\n<p><b>Four-chambered<\/b> with <b><i>double-loop system<\/i><\/b>.<\/p>\n<ul>\n<li><b><i>Double-loop circulatory system<\/i><\/b> &#8211; one \u201cloop\u201d that goes to the lungs and back, one that goes from heart to body and back. (Although as we will \u00a0\u00a0\u00a0learn it is more a \u201cfigure 8\u201d path due to mirrored sides)<\/li>\n<li><b>Pulmonary Circuit &#8211; Pumps blood from the right side of the heart to the lungs.<\/b><\/li>\n<li><b>Systemic Circuit<\/b><b> \u00a0&#8211; <\/b>Pumps blood from the <b>left side of the heart<\/b> to the<b> body<\/b><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<figure id=\"attachment_736\" aria-describedby=\"caption-attachment-736\" style=\"width: 264px\" class=\"wp-caption aligncenter\"><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"size-full wp-image-736\" src=\"https:\/\/blogs.ubc.ca\/mrpletsch\/files\/2019\/02\/Screen-Shot-2019-02-08-at-6.20.30-PM.png\" alt=\"\" width=\"264\" height=\"312\" srcset=\"https:\/\/blogs.ubc.ca\/mrpletsch\/files\/2019\/02\/Screen-Shot-2019-02-08-at-6.20.30-PM.png 264w, https:\/\/blogs.ubc.ca\/mrpletsch\/files\/2019\/02\/Screen-Shot-2019-02-08-at-6.20.30-PM-254x300.png 254w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 264px) 100vw, 264px\" \/><figcaption id=\"caption-attachment-736\" class=\"wp-caption-text\">Figure 1: Circulatory System in humans<\/figcaption><\/figure>\n<p><b>The heart is a muscular organ located in the chest.<\/b><\/p>\n<ul>\n<li><b><i>Walls are composed of cardiac muscle held together by connective tissue.<\/i><\/b><\/li>\n<li><b>A tough membranous sac surrounds the heart. This is called the pericardium. The pericardium is filled with fluid which reduces friction as the heart beats.<\/b><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<figure id=\"attachment_737\" aria-describedby=\"caption-attachment-737\" style=\"width: 271px\" class=\"wp-caption aligncenter\"><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"size-full wp-image-737\" src=\"https:\/\/blogs.ubc.ca\/mrpletsch\/files\/2019\/02\/Screen-Shot-2019-02-08-at-6.21.56-PM.png\" alt=\"\" width=\"271\" height=\"292\" \/><figcaption id=\"caption-attachment-737\" class=\"wp-caption-text\">Figure 2: Pericardium<\/figcaption><\/figure>\n<h5>Basic Structure:<\/h5>\n<p>The heart has two <b>sides <\/b>separated by a muscular septum. The pumping action is synchronized; muscle contractions on the right side mirror those on the left side.<\/p>\n<p>1. Two-thin-walled <b>atria<\/b> (singular: atrium) are the <b>receiving chambers. <\/b><\/p>\n<ul>\n<li>Right Atrium &#8211; Receives deoxygenated blood from the body.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<ul>\n<li>Left atrium &#8211; Receives oxygenated blood from the lungs<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p><b>2. Two-thick walled, muscular <\/b><b>ventricles<\/b> pump blood out to distant tissues<b>.<\/b><\/p>\n<figure id=\"attachment_738\" aria-describedby=\"caption-attachment-738\" style=\"width: 458px\" class=\"wp-caption aligncenter\"><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"size-full wp-image-738\" src=\"https:\/\/blogs.ubc.ca\/mrpletsch\/files\/2019\/02\/Screen-Shot-2019-02-08-at-6.24.15-PM.png\" alt=\"\" width=\"458\" height=\"276\" srcset=\"https:\/\/blogs.ubc.ca\/mrpletsch\/files\/2019\/02\/Screen-Shot-2019-02-08-at-6.24.15-PM.png 458w, https:\/\/blogs.ubc.ca\/mrpletsch\/files\/2019\/02\/Screen-Shot-2019-02-08-at-6.24.15-PM-300x181.png 300w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 458px) 100vw, 458px\" \/><figcaption id=\"caption-attachment-738\" class=\"wp-caption-text\">Figure 3: Heart structure<\/figcaption><\/figure>\n<p><b><i>Think:<\/i><\/b><i> Why could the left ventricle be more muscular than the right ventricle?<\/i><\/p>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<p>3.The Valves (<i>or why blood doesn\u2019t flow backwards):<\/i><\/p>\n<ul>\n<li><b>Semi-lunar Valves<\/b><b> &#8211; <\/b>Found at the beginning of arteries. At the base of the aorta it is called the <b>aortic valve<\/b>. At the base of the <b>pulmonary artery<\/b> it is called the <b>pulmonary valve<\/b><b>. <\/b>This shut after <b>ventricle <\/b>contraction since the blood pressure is lowered in the arteries after contraction.<\/li>\n<li><b>Atrioventicular (AV) Valves<\/b><b> &#8211; <\/b>Separate <b>atria <\/b>from <b>ventricles<\/b>. <b>Chordae tendineae<\/b> \u00a0are tiny tendons that attach the valve flaps to the interior of the ventricle.This ensures blood does <b>not flow backwards<\/b> during ventricular contraction <i>(like a one way door held closed by these tendons)<\/i><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<figure id=\"attachment_739\" aria-describedby=\"caption-attachment-739\" style=\"width: 750px\" class=\"wp-caption aligncenter\"><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"size-full wp-image-739\" src=\"https:\/\/blogs.ubc.ca\/mrpletsch\/files\/2019\/02\/Screen-Shot-2019-02-08-at-6.26.13-PM.png\" alt=\"\" width=\"750\" height=\"535\" srcset=\"https:\/\/blogs.ubc.ca\/mrpletsch\/files\/2019\/02\/Screen-Shot-2019-02-08-at-6.26.13-PM.png 750w, https:\/\/blogs.ubc.ca\/mrpletsch\/files\/2019\/02\/Screen-Shot-2019-02-08-at-6.26.13-PM-300x214.png 300w, https:\/\/blogs.ubc.ca\/mrpletsch\/files\/2019\/02\/Screen-Shot-2019-02-08-at-6.26.13-PM-552x394.png 552w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 750px) 100vw, 750px\" \/><figcaption id=\"caption-attachment-739\" class=\"wp-caption-text\">Figure 4: Our first labelled diagram of the heart<\/figcaption><\/figure>\n<h4>Tracing Blood Through the Heart<\/h4>\n<ol>\n<li>Deoxygenated blood enters the <b>right atrium <\/b>from the body through the <b>vena cava<\/b>.<\/li>\n<li><b>Atria contract<\/b>, pushing deoxygenated blood through the right <b>atrioventricular valve and into the right ventricle.<\/b><\/li>\n<li><b>Ventricles contract<\/b>, pushing blood <b>through the right semi-lunar valve (<\/b><b><i>pulmonary valve)<\/i><\/b> and into the <b>pulmonary artery<\/b> towards the lungs.<\/li>\n<li><b>Gas exchange occurs at the lungs, oxygenating the blood and <\/b>removing CO2.<\/li>\n<li><b>Oxygenated blood <\/b>enters the <b>left atrium<\/b> through <b>pulmonary veins<\/b>.<\/li>\n<li><b>Atria contract, <\/b>pushing the oxygenated blood through the left <b>atrioventricular valve<\/b> and into the <b>left ventricle.<\/b><\/li>\n<li><b>Ventricles contract<\/b>, pushing blood through the <b>left semi-lunar valve <\/b><b><i>(aortic valve)<\/i><\/b> and into the <b>aorta <\/b>out towards the body.<\/li>\n<li><b>Oxygenated blood <\/b>moves around through the body\u2019s arteries where <b>gas exchange occurs in the capillaries<\/b>.<\/li>\n<li><b>Deoxygenated blood <\/b>leaves the capillaries towards the heart.<\/li>\n<\/ol>\n<figure id=\"attachment_740\" aria-describedby=\"caption-attachment-740\" style=\"width: 340px\" class=\"wp-caption aligncenter\"><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"wp-image-740 size-full\" src=\"https:\/\/blogs.ubc.ca\/mrpletsch\/files\/2019\/02\/giphy.gif\" alt=\"\" width=\"340\" height=\"340\" \/><figcaption id=\"caption-attachment-740\" class=\"wp-caption-text\">Figure 5: Blood moving in the heart<\/figcaption><\/figure>\n<h3>Major Vessels in the Circulatory System<\/h3>\n<p>Below is the link to the padlet created by the class. Use the quick review table handed in class for basic locations.<\/p>\n<p><a href=\"https:\/\/padlet.com\/mrpletsch\/bio12vessels\">https:\/\/padlet.com\/mrpletsch\/bio12vessels<\/a><\/p>\n<p>Password: kill<\/p>\n<figure id=\"attachment_741\" aria-describedby=\"caption-attachment-741\" style=\"width: 706px\" class=\"wp-caption aligncenter\"><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"size-full wp-image-741\" src=\"https:\/\/blogs.ubc.ca\/mrpletsch\/files\/2019\/02\/Screen-Shot-2019-02-08-at-6.33.12-PM.png\" alt=\"\" width=\"706\" height=\"476\" srcset=\"https:\/\/blogs.ubc.ca\/mrpletsch\/files\/2019\/02\/Screen-Shot-2019-02-08-at-6.33.12-PM.png 706w, https:\/\/blogs.ubc.ca\/mrpletsch\/files\/2019\/02\/Screen-Shot-2019-02-08-at-6.33.12-PM-300x202.png 300w, https:\/\/blogs.ubc.ca\/mrpletsch\/files\/2019\/02\/Screen-Shot-2019-02-08-at-6.33.12-PM-552x372.png 552w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 706px) 100vw, 706px\" \/><figcaption id=\"caption-attachment-741\" class=\"wp-caption-text\">Figure 6: Labelled puzzle diagram from class<\/figcaption><\/figure>\n<figure id=\"attachment_742\" aria-describedby=\"caption-attachment-742\" style=\"width: 376px\" class=\"wp-caption aligncenter\"><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"size-full wp-image-742\" src=\"https:\/\/blogs.ubc.ca\/mrpletsch\/files\/2019\/02\/584451.jpg\" alt=\"\" width=\"376\" height=\"496\" srcset=\"https:\/\/blogs.ubc.ca\/mrpletsch\/files\/2019\/02\/584451.jpg 376w, https:\/\/blogs.ubc.ca\/mrpletsch\/files\/2019\/02\/584451-227x300.jpg 227w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 376px) 100vw, 376px\" \/><figcaption id=\"caption-attachment-742\" class=\"wp-caption-text\">Figure 7: Major Blood Vessels<\/figcaption><\/figure>\n<h3>Heart Control<\/h3>\n<p><iframe loading=\"lazy\" width=\"700\" height=\"394\" src=\"https:\/\/www.youtube.com\/embed\/FLBMwcvOaEo?feature=oembed\" frameborder=\"0\" allow=\"accelerometer; autoplay; encrypted-media; gyroscope; picture-in-picture\" allowfullscreen><\/iframe><\/p>\n<p>The heart possesses its own <i>specialized conduction system<\/i> and can <b><i>beat independently<\/i><\/b> even after being separated from its nerves <i>(that means the heart can beat after it is removed from the body until it dehydrates or loses ATP)<\/i><\/p>\n<ul>\n<li>The <b>extrinsic<\/b> (arising external to the heart) nerves coming from the nervous system serve to <b><i>modify and control<\/i><\/b> the beating established by the heart, not just force it to beat.<\/li>\n<li>The <b>sympathetic nervous system<\/b> seeks to increase heart rate in times of stress\/need. \u201c<i>Fight or Flight<\/i>\u201d<\/li>\n<li>The <b>parasympathetic nervous system<\/b> seeks to slow heart rate down in times of rest\/digestion. <i>\u201cFeed and Breed\u201d<\/i><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p>The heart has two areas of <b>specialized tissue <\/b>both located in the right atrium<b>:<\/b><\/p>\n<p><b>1. The Sino-Atrial (SA) node &#8211;<i> Initiates contraction of the heart (average = 72 times\/minute). Called the <\/i><i>pacemaker. <\/i><\/b><\/p>\n<p><strong>2. The AV node<\/strong> &#8211; <i>Causes ventricular contraction after ventricles are \u201cfull.\u201d Uses <\/i><i>purkinje fibres (<\/i><i>set of nerves that send impulses, coordinating ventricular contraction).<\/i><\/p>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<ul>\n<li>The AV node serves as a conductor, passing nerve impulses via two large nerve fibers, called Purkinje fibers.<\/li>\n<li>The Purkinje fibers run along the septum carrying impulses from the AV node to the bottom tip of the heart.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<figure id=\"attachment_743\" aria-describedby=\"caption-attachment-743\" style=\"width: 663px\" class=\"wp-caption aligncenter\"><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"size-full wp-image-743\" src=\"https:\/\/blogs.ubc.ca\/mrpletsch\/files\/2019\/02\/Screen-Shot-2019-02-08-at-6.41.51-PM.png\" alt=\"\" width=\"663\" height=\"401\" srcset=\"https:\/\/blogs.ubc.ca\/mrpletsch\/files\/2019\/02\/Screen-Shot-2019-02-08-at-6.41.51-PM.png 663w, https:\/\/blogs.ubc.ca\/mrpletsch\/files\/2019\/02\/Screen-Shot-2019-02-08-at-6.41.51-PM-300x181.png 300w, https:\/\/blogs.ubc.ca\/mrpletsch\/files\/2019\/02\/Screen-Shot-2019-02-08-at-6.41.51-PM-552x334.png 552w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 663px) 100vw, 663px\" \/><figcaption id=\"caption-attachment-743\" class=\"wp-caption-text\">Figure 8: Heart control nodes<\/figcaption><\/figure>\n<p>People with <b>irregular heartbeats<\/b> may require an <b>artificial pacemaker <\/b>to stimulate the <b>SA node<\/b>.<\/p>\n<ul>\n<li>The little device is connected so that it can stimulate the SA node with electric current<\/li>\n<li>This causes initiation of the <b>cardiac cycle<\/b> (<i>basically just kick starts the cycle when the SA node has troubles)<\/i><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<figure id=\"attachment_744\" aria-describedby=\"caption-attachment-744\" style=\"width: 357px\" class=\"wp-caption aligncenter\"><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"size-full wp-image-744\" src=\"https:\/\/blogs.ubc.ca\/mrpletsch\/files\/2019\/02\/Screen-Shot-2019-02-08-at-6.42.42-PM.png\" alt=\"\" width=\"357\" height=\"464\" srcset=\"https:\/\/blogs.ubc.ca\/mrpletsch\/files\/2019\/02\/Screen-Shot-2019-02-08-at-6.42.42-PM.png 357w, https:\/\/blogs.ubc.ca\/mrpletsch\/files\/2019\/02\/Screen-Shot-2019-02-08-at-6.42.42-PM-231x300.png 231w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 357px) 100vw, 357px\" \/><figcaption id=\"caption-attachment-744\" class=\"wp-caption-text\">Figure 9: Artificial Pacemaker<\/figcaption><\/figure>\n<h5>Heart Rate and Cardiac Cycle<\/h5>\n<p><b>Cardiac Cycle <\/b>\u00a0&#8211; Complete series of events leading to one full heart contraction.<\/p>\n<p>The <b>double sound <\/b>of a heart beat is caused by the closing of two different sets of valves: (AV valves\/Semi-lunar Valves)<\/p>\n<ul>\n<li><b>Lub <\/b>&#8211; <b>Closing of AV valves<\/b> <b>after blood enters ventricles<\/b><\/li>\n<li><b>Dub<\/b> &#8211; <b>Closing of Semi-lunar valves<\/b><b> after blood leaves ventricles<\/b><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p><iframe loading=\"lazy\" width=\"700\" height=\"394\" src=\"https:\/\/www.youtube.com\/embed\/gJpT_wHZeF8?feature=oembed\" frameborder=\"0\" allow=\"accelerometer; autoplay; encrypted-media; gyroscope; picture-in-picture\" allowfullscreen><\/iframe><\/p>\n<figure id=\"attachment_745\" aria-describedby=\"caption-attachment-745\" style=\"width: 700px\" class=\"wp-caption aligncenter\"><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"size-large wp-image-745\" src=\"https:\/\/blogs.ubc.ca\/mrpletsch\/files\/2019\/02\/Screen-Shot-2019-02-08-at-6.45.08-PM-1024x310.png\" alt=\"\" width=\"700\" height=\"212\" srcset=\"https:\/\/blogs.ubc.ca\/mrpletsch\/files\/2019\/02\/Screen-Shot-2019-02-08-at-6.45.08-PM-1024x310.png 1024w, https:\/\/blogs.ubc.ca\/mrpletsch\/files\/2019\/02\/Screen-Shot-2019-02-08-at-6.45.08-PM-300x91.png 300w, https:\/\/blogs.ubc.ca\/mrpletsch\/files\/2019\/02\/Screen-Shot-2019-02-08-at-6.45.08-PM-768x233.png 768w, https:\/\/blogs.ubc.ca\/mrpletsch\/files\/2019\/02\/Screen-Shot-2019-02-08-at-6.45.08-PM-552x167.png 552w, https:\/\/blogs.ubc.ca\/mrpletsch\/files\/2019\/02\/Screen-Shot-2019-02-08-at-6.45.08-PM.png 1046w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 700px) 100vw, 700px\" \/><figcaption id=\"caption-attachment-745\" class=\"wp-caption-text\">Figure 9: Average heart rates<\/figcaption><\/figure>\n<h5>ECGs and Introduction to Irregularities<\/h5>\n<p>We can <b>look at these nerve impulses <\/b>in individuals to determine abnormalities in the cardiac cycle and <i>diagnosis certain heart conditions.<\/i><\/p>\n<ul>\n<li><b>The electrical impulses are displayed on a graph called an <\/b><b>electrocardiogram<\/b><b> (ECG).<\/b><\/li>\n<li>Changes in electrical current reveal normal or abnormal events of the cardiac cycle.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"aligncenter size-full wp-image-746\" src=\"https:\/\/blogs.ubc.ca\/mrpletsch\/files\/2019\/02\/Screen-Shot-2019-02-08-at-6.46.37-PM.png\" alt=\"\" width=\"844\" height=\"388\" srcset=\"https:\/\/blogs.ubc.ca\/mrpletsch\/files\/2019\/02\/Screen-Shot-2019-02-08-at-6.46.37-PM.png 844w, https:\/\/blogs.ubc.ca\/mrpletsch\/files\/2019\/02\/Screen-Shot-2019-02-08-at-6.46.37-PM-300x138.png 300w, https:\/\/blogs.ubc.ca\/mrpletsch\/files\/2019\/02\/Screen-Shot-2019-02-08-at-6.46.37-PM-768x353.png 768w, https:\/\/blogs.ubc.ca\/mrpletsch\/files\/2019\/02\/Screen-Shot-2019-02-08-at-6.46.37-PM-552x254.png 552w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 844px) 100vw, 844px\" \/><\/p>\n<figure id=\"attachment_747\" aria-describedby=\"caption-attachment-747\" style=\"width: 580px\" class=\"wp-caption aligncenter\"><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"size-full wp-image-747\" src=\"https:\/\/blogs.ubc.ca\/mrpletsch\/files\/2019\/02\/DazzlingPopularHagfish-size_restricted.gif\" alt=\"\" width=\"580\" height=\"319\" \/><figcaption id=\"caption-attachment-747\" class=\"wp-caption-text\">Figure 11: Tracking heart contractions on an ECG<\/figcaption><\/figure>\n<p>On average humans complete the cardiac cycle 72 times a minute.<\/p>\n<p><a href=\"https:\/\/medlineplus.gov\/ency\/anatomyvideos\/000021.htm\">Additional resource<\/a><\/p>\n<p><span style=\"text-decoration: underline;\">Identifying basic irregularities on a ECG:<\/span><\/p>\n<p><b>Tachycardia<\/b> = <b>heart rate<\/b> of greater than 100 beats per minute.<\/p>\n<p><b>Bradycardia<\/b><b> = Heart rate <\/b>lower than 60 bpm (although many athletes can achieve this without it being considered an issue)<\/p>\n<p><b>Artificial pacemaker<\/b><b> = <\/b>Pacemaker will give an electric current to start cardiac cycle. This can be observed on an ECG before the wave complex begins<\/p>\n<p><b>Atrial Flutter<\/b><b> = <\/b>Type of tachycardia, but <b>the atria contraction are irregular and out sync with ventricles.<\/b><\/p>\n<p><b>Sinoatrial arrest<\/b> = Failure of heart contraction due to issue with SA node (greater than 2 seconds).<\/p>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<p>Reading Irregulary ECG practice sheet &#8211; <a href=\"https:\/\/docs.google.com\/document\/d\/15DEch4RWm_TlvSSSy4knXlhTcxphwsb0adG7B0s_8ks\/edit?usp=sharing\">Answer key to the four cases (Click here!)<\/a><\/p>\n<p><iframe loading=\"lazy\" width=\"700\" height=\"394\" src=\"https:\/\/www.youtube.com\/embed\/vZNa_I4xBnk?feature=oembed\" frameborder=\"0\" allow=\"accelerometer; autoplay; encrypted-media; gyroscope; picture-in-picture\" allowfullscreen><\/iframe><\/p>\n<h2>Quiz Expectations<\/h2>\n<p><strong>Circulatory System Quiz 2: What to know<\/strong><\/p>\n<p><strong>1. Heart Structure<\/strong> \u2013 Identify the following on a diagram\/example.<\/p>\n<table>\n<tbody>\n<tr>\n<td width=\"184\">Atria<\/td>\n<td width=\"184\">Ventricles<\/td>\n<td width=\"184\">AV Valves<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td width=\"184\">Semi-lunar Valves<\/td>\n<td width=\"184\">Aorta<\/td>\n<td width=\"184\">Pulmonary Artery<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td width=\"184\">Pulmonary Vein<\/td>\n<td width=\"184\">Inferior Vena Cava<\/td>\n<td width=\"184\">Superior Vena Cava<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td width=\"184\">Septum<\/td>\n<td width=\"184\">Choridae Tendinae<\/td>\n<td width=\"184\"><\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<\/tbody>\n<\/table>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<ul>\n<li>Brief description (i.e. atria thin walled receiving chambers, ventricles thick, muscular walled to pump to pulmonary or systemic circuit).<\/li>\n<li>Identify which of the above carries deoxygenated\/oxygenated blood (i.e. right atrium\/right ventricle get <strong>deoxygenated blood from the body)<\/strong><\/li>\n<li>Track blood through the structures of the heart and around the body<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p><strong>2. Major Vessels<\/strong> \u2013 Identify the following on a diagram or explain its rough location (i.e. hepatic portal vein \u2013 runs from intestine to liver).<\/p>\n<table>\n<tbody>\n<tr>\n<td width=\"184\">Aorta<\/td>\n<td width=\"184\">Superior\/Inferior Vena Cava<\/td>\n<td width=\"184\">Mesenteric Arteries and Veins<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td width=\"184\">Hepatic Portal Vein<\/td>\n<td width=\"184\">Hepatic Vein<\/td>\n<td width=\"184\">Renal Arteries and Veins<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td width=\"184\">Iliac Arteries and Veins<\/td>\n<td width=\"184\">Subclavian Arteries and Veins<\/td>\n<td width=\"184\">Carotid Arteries<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td width=\"184\">Jugular Veins<\/td>\n<td width=\"184\">Coronary Arteries and Veins<\/td>\n<td width=\"184\">Pulmonary Artery and Veins<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<\/tbody>\n<\/table>\n<p><strong>3. Heart Control<\/strong> \u2013 The notes from today \u2013 nothing outside of this package. Differentiate between when the parasympathetic vs. sympathetic nervous system would influence heart rate.<\/p>\n<p><strong>4. Reading an ECG<\/strong> \u2013 Label\/discuss P, QRS, and T waves. Identify a common irregularity in an ECG.<\/p>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p class=\"post-excerpt\">This section is mostly focused on the exciting world of memorization. There are a lot of pieces and important structures&#8230;<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":48401,"featured_media":0,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"footnotes":""},"categories":[1199859],"tags":[],"class_list":["post-735","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","hentry","category-biology-12"],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/blogs.ubc.ca\/mrpletsch\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/735","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/blogs.ubc.ca\/mrpletsch\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/blogs.ubc.ca\/mrpletsch\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/blogs.ubc.ca\/mrpletsch\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/48401"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/blogs.ubc.ca\/mrpletsch\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=735"}],"version-history":[{"count":4,"href":"https:\/\/blogs.ubc.ca\/mrpletsch\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/735\/revisions"}],"predecessor-version":[{"id":751,"href":"https:\/\/blogs.ubc.ca\/mrpletsch\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/735\/revisions\/751"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/blogs.ubc.ca\/mrpletsch\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=735"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/blogs.ubc.ca\/mrpletsch\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/categories?post=735"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/blogs.ubc.ca\/mrpletsch\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/tags?post=735"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}