{"id":756,"date":"2019-02-20T21:16:27","date_gmt":"2019-02-21T04:16:27","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/blogs.ubc.ca\/mrpletsch\/?p=756"},"modified":"2020-02-27T20:00:24","modified_gmt":"2020-02-28T03:00:24","slug":"phylum-annelida","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/blogs.ubc.ca\/mrpletsch\/2019\/02\/20\/phylum-annelida\/","title":{"rendered":"Unit 5-5: Phylum Annelida"},"content":{"rendered":"<h3>Phylum Annelida &#8211; Segmented Worms<\/h3>\n<p><iframe loading=\"lazy\" width=\"700\" height=\"394\" src=\"https:\/\/www.youtube.com\/embed\/9Q9gh1k99rY?feature=oembed\" frameborder=\"0\" allow=\"accelerometer; autoplay; encrypted-media; gyroscope; picture-in-picture\" allowfullscreen><\/iframe><\/p>\n<h5><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"aligncenter size-full wp-image-757\" src=\"https:\/\/blogs.ubc.ca\/mrpletsch\/files\/2019\/02\/Screen-Shot-2019-02-20-at-7.52.13-PM.png\" alt=\"\" width=\"742\" height=\"480\" srcset=\"https:\/\/blogs.ubc.ca\/mrpletsch\/files\/2019\/02\/Screen-Shot-2019-02-20-at-7.52.13-PM.png 742w, https:\/\/blogs.ubc.ca\/mrpletsch\/files\/2019\/02\/Screen-Shot-2019-02-20-at-7.52.13-PM-300x194.png 300w, https:\/\/blogs.ubc.ca\/mrpletsch\/files\/2019\/02\/Screen-Shot-2019-02-20-at-7.52.13-PM-552x357.png 552w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 742px) 100vw, 742px\" \/>The Basics<\/h5>\n<ul>\n<li>Annelid -&gt; \u201c<i>Little Ring\u201d<\/i><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<ul>\n<li>The first of the \u201chigher invertebrates\u201d and the third phyla of worms.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<ul>\n<li>The development of a true coelom led to the development and need for many new systems &#8211; circulatory\/respiratory.<\/li>\n<li>First appearance ~518 Million Years ago<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<figure id=\"attachment_758\" aria-describedby=\"caption-attachment-758\" style=\"width: 840px\" class=\"wp-caption aligncenter\"><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"size-full wp-image-758\" src=\"https:\/\/blogs.ubc.ca\/mrpletsch\/files\/2019\/02\/Screen-Shot-2019-02-20-at-7.52.52-PM.png\" alt=\"\" width=\"840\" height=\"467\" srcset=\"https:\/\/blogs.ubc.ca\/mrpletsch\/files\/2019\/02\/Screen-Shot-2019-02-20-at-7.52.52-PM.png 840w, https:\/\/blogs.ubc.ca\/mrpletsch\/files\/2019\/02\/Screen-Shot-2019-02-20-at-7.52.52-PM-300x167.png 300w, https:\/\/blogs.ubc.ca\/mrpletsch\/files\/2019\/02\/Screen-Shot-2019-02-20-at-7.52.52-PM-768x427.png 768w, https:\/\/blogs.ubc.ca\/mrpletsch\/files\/2019\/02\/Screen-Shot-2019-02-20-at-7.52.52-PM-552x307.png 552w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 840px) 100vw, 840px\" \/><figcaption id=\"caption-attachment-758\" class=\"wp-caption-text\">Figure 1: Annelid Diversity<\/figcaption><\/figure>\n<h3>A. Evolution of Body Plan<\/h3>\n<p><b>Coelomate &#8211; <i>Annelids are the first group to develop a <\/i><i>true coelom<\/i><i> (body cavity).<\/i><\/b><\/p>\n<ul>\n<li>A <b>true coelom<\/b> is a <b>fluid filled <\/b><b>space within the mesoderm<\/b>.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<figure id=\"attachment_759\" aria-describedby=\"caption-attachment-759\" style=\"width: 196px\" class=\"wp-caption aligncenter\"><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"size-full wp-image-759\" src=\"https:\/\/blogs.ubc.ca\/mrpletsch\/files\/2019\/02\/Screen-Shot-2019-02-20-at-7.54.25-PM.png\" alt=\"\" width=\"196\" height=\"233\" \/><figcaption id=\"caption-attachment-759\" class=\"wp-caption-text\">Figure 2: Cross section of an Annelid (Coelomate)<\/figcaption><\/figure>\n<h5><b>The importance of coelom development:<\/b><\/h5>\n<p><b>1. Associated with an increase in animal size. (Animals get bigger, exchange of nutrient gases become impossible.<\/b><\/p>\n<ol>\n<li style=\"list-style-type: none;\">\n<ol>\n<li>New systems of transport could develop to support the size<\/li>\n<\/ol>\n<\/li>\n<\/ol>\n<p><b>2. More space for complex organs<\/b><b> &#8211; lungs, heart, stomach could expand, contract, slide without worry.<\/b><\/p>\n<p>a. Efficiency improved due to sectioning of biological roles (i.e. circulation, digestion)<\/p>\n<figure id=\"attachment_760\" aria-describedby=\"caption-attachment-760\" style=\"width: 845px\" class=\"wp-caption aligncenter\"><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"size-full wp-image-760\" src=\"https:\/\/blogs.ubc.ca\/mrpletsch\/files\/2019\/02\/Screen-Shot-2019-02-20-at-7.56.12-PM.png\" alt=\"\" width=\"845\" height=\"474\" srcset=\"https:\/\/blogs.ubc.ca\/mrpletsch\/files\/2019\/02\/Screen-Shot-2019-02-20-at-7.56.12-PM.png 845w, https:\/\/blogs.ubc.ca\/mrpletsch\/files\/2019\/02\/Screen-Shot-2019-02-20-at-7.56.12-PM-300x168.png 300w, https:\/\/blogs.ubc.ca\/mrpletsch\/files\/2019\/02\/Screen-Shot-2019-02-20-at-7.56.12-PM-768x431.png 768w, https:\/\/blogs.ubc.ca\/mrpletsch\/files\/2019\/02\/Screen-Shot-2019-02-20-at-7.56.12-PM-552x310.png 552w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 845px) 100vw, 845px\" \/><figcaption id=\"caption-attachment-760\" class=\"wp-caption-text\">Figure 3: Comparison of body plans<\/figcaption><\/figure>\n<ol start=\"2\">\n<li><b> <\/b><b>Segmentation<\/b><b> &#8211; <\/b><b>Repetition of body units<\/b><b> that contain similar structures. In annelids, they repeat the same organs in each segment. (<\/b><b><i>Except for front\/back)<\/i><\/b><\/li>\n<\/ol>\n<figure id=\"attachment_761\" aria-describedby=\"caption-attachment-761\" style=\"width: 375px\" class=\"wp-caption aligncenter\"><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"size-full wp-image-761\" src=\"https:\/\/blogs.ubc.ca\/mrpletsch\/files\/2019\/02\/Screen-Shot-2019-02-20-at-7.56.58-PM.png\" alt=\"\" width=\"375\" height=\"182\" srcset=\"https:\/\/blogs.ubc.ca\/mrpletsch\/files\/2019\/02\/Screen-Shot-2019-02-20-at-7.56.58-PM.png 375w, https:\/\/blogs.ubc.ca\/mrpletsch\/files\/2019\/02\/Screen-Shot-2019-02-20-at-7.56.58-PM-300x146.png 300w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 375px) 100vw, 375px\" \/><figcaption id=\"caption-attachment-761\" class=\"wp-caption-text\">Figure 4: Segmentation<\/figcaption><\/figure>\n<ol start=\"3\">\n<li><b> <\/b><b>Setae<\/b><b> &#8211; <\/b><b><i>Hair\/bristles made of chitin<\/i><\/b><b>.<\/b><b> Help with movement.<\/b><\/li>\n<\/ol>\n<figure id=\"attachment_762\" aria-describedby=\"caption-attachment-762\" style=\"width: 341px\" class=\"wp-caption aligncenter\"><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"size-full wp-image-762\" src=\"https:\/\/blogs.ubc.ca\/mrpletsch\/files\/2019\/02\/Screen-Shot-2019-02-20-at-7.57.42-PM.png\" alt=\"\" width=\"341\" height=\"429\" srcset=\"https:\/\/blogs.ubc.ca\/mrpletsch\/files\/2019\/02\/Screen-Shot-2019-02-20-at-7.57.42-PM.png 341w, https:\/\/blogs.ubc.ca\/mrpletsch\/files\/2019\/02\/Screen-Shot-2019-02-20-at-7.57.42-PM-238x300.png 238w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 341px) 100vw, 341px\" \/><figcaption id=\"caption-attachment-762\" class=\"wp-caption-text\">Figure 5: Setae, segmentation<\/figcaption><\/figure>\n<ol start=\"4\">\n<li><b> <\/b><b>Cephalization<\/b><b> &#8211; Well developed brain and nervous system.<\/b><\/li>\n<\/ol>\n<ul>\n<li><b>Many accessory organs such as paired eyes and sensory tentacles.<\/b><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<figure id=\"attachment_763\" aria-describedby=\"caption-attachment-763\" style=\"width: 372px\" class=\"wp-caption aligncenter\"><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"size-full wp-image-763\" src=\"https:\/\/blogs.ubc.ca\/mrpletsch\/files\/2019\/02\/Screen-Shot-2019-02-20-at-7.58.28-PM.png\" alt=\"\" width=\"372\" height=\"162\" srcset=\"https:\/\/blogs.ubc.ca\/mrpletsch\/files\/2019\/02\/Screen-Shot-2019-02-20-at-7.58.28-PM.png 372w, https:\/\/blogs.ubc.ca\/mrpletsch\/files\/2019\/02\/Screen-Shot-2019-02-20-at-7.58.28-PM-300x131.png 300w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 372px) 100vw, 372px\" \/><figcaption id=\"caption-attachment-763\" class=\"wp-caption-text\">Figure 6: Nervous system\/brain development.<\/figcaption><\/figure>\n<h3>B. Feeding and Excretion<\/h3>\n<p><b>One-Way Digestive System &#8211; Mouth and Anus<\/b> (What luxury!)<\/p>\n<ul>\n<li style=\"list-style-type: none;\">\n<ul>\n<li><i>Many feeding styles<\/i>:<\/li>\n<li><b>Carnivores\/Herbivores &#8211; Have Jaws<\/b><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<ul>\n<li style=\"list-style-type: none;\">\n<ul>\n<li><b>Detritivores<\/b> &#8211; Use a sticky mucus<\/li>\n<li><b>Filter Feeders<\/b> &#8211; Brush structures<\/li>\n<li><b>Parasitic <\/b>&#8211; Uses suckers\/teeth<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<figure id=\"attachment_764\" aria-describedby=\"caption-attachment-764\" style=\"width: 806px\" class=\"wp-caption aligncenter\"><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"size-full wp-image-764\" src=\"https:\/\/blogs.ubc.ca\/mrpletsch\/files\/2019\/02\/Screen-Shot-2019-02-20-at-7.59.48-PM.png\" alt=\"\" width=\"806\" height=\"483\" srcset=\"https:\/\/blogs.ubc.ca\/mrpletsch\/files\/2019\/02\/Screen-Shot-2019-02-20-at-7.59.48-PM.png 806w, https:\/\/blogs.ubc.ca\/mrpletsch\/files\/2019\/02\/Screen-Shot-2019-02-20-at-7.59.48-PM-300x180.png 300w, https:\/\/blogs.ubc.ca\/mrpletsch\/files\/2019\/02\/Screen-Shot-2019-02-20-at-7.59.48-PM-768x460.png 768w, https:\/\/blogs.ubc.ca\/mrpletsch\/files\/2019\/02\/Screen-Shot-2019-02-20-at-7.59.48-PM-552x331.png 552w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 806px) 100vw, 806px\" \/><figcaption id=\"caption-attachment-764\" class=\"wp-caption-text\">Figure 7: Feeding diversity<\/figcaption><\/figure>\n<p><iframe loading=\"lazy\" width=\"700\" height=\"394\" src=\"https:\/\/www.youtube.com\/embed\/K_7ByiYbCYM?feature=oembed\" frameborder=\"0\" allow=\"accelerometer; autoplay; encrypted-media; gyroscope; picture-in-picture\" allowfullscreen><\/iframe><\/p>\n<p><b>Case Study: <\/b><b><i>How Earthworms feed<\/i><\/b><\/p>\n<ol>\n<li>The <b>pharynx<\/b> pumps food and soil into the esophagus.<\/li>\n<li><b>Food moves into the <\/b><b>crop<\/b><b> through muscle contractions where <\/b><b>it can be stored<\/b><b>.<\/b><\/li>\n<li>Food moves from the <strong>crop<\/strong> to the <strong>gizzard<\/strong> &#8211; this is a grinding organ that will grind food down into smaller parts with the help of sand in the soil.<\/li>\n<li>Nutrients are absorbed into the blood in the <b>intestine<\/b> while waste exits the anus and helps fertilize the environment.<\/li>\n<\/ol>\n<figure id=\"attachment_765\" aria-describedby=\"caption-attachment-765\" style=\"width: 410px\" class=\"wp-caption aligncenter\"><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"size-full wp-image-765\" src=\"https:\/\/blogs.ubc.ca\/mrpletsch\/files\/2019\/02\/Screen-Shot-2019-02-20-at-8.01.36-PM.png\" alt=\"\" width=\"410\" height=\"245\" srcset=\"https:\/\/blogs.ubc.ca\/mrpletsch\/files\/2019\/02\/Screen-Shot-2019-02-20-at-8.01.36-PM.png 410w, https:\/\/blogs.ubc.ca\/mrpletsch\/files\/2019\/02\/Screen-Shot-2019-02-20-at-8.01.36-PM-300x179.png 300w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 410px) 100vw, 410px\" \/><figcaption id=\"caption-attachment-765\" class=\"wp-caption-text\">Figure 8: Basic digestive structure<\/figcaption><\/figure>\n<p>Excretion:<\/p>\n<ol>\n<li><b>Digestive waste is passed via anus.<\/b><\/li>\n<li><b> <\/b>Cellular<i> and <\/i>fluid waste (containing nitrogen) is eliminated via<b> nephridia.<\/b><\/li>\n<\/ol>\n<ul>\n<li><b>Nephridia are excretory organs that filter fluid in the coelom.<\/b><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"aligncenter size-full wp-image-766\" src=\"https:\/\/blogs.ubc.ca\/mrpletsch\/files\/2019\/02\/Screen-Shot-2019-02-20-at-8.02.32-PM.png\" alt=\"\" width=\"805\" height=\"445\" srcset=\"https:\/\/blogs.ubc.ca\/mrpletsch\/files\/2019\/02\/Screen-Shot-2019-02-20-at-8.02.32-PM.png 805w, https:\/\/blogs.ubc.ca\/mrpletsch\/files\/2019\/02\/Screen-Shot-2019-02-20-at-8.02.32-PM-300x166.png 300w, https:\/\/blogs.ubc.ca\/mrpletsch\/files\/2019\/02\/Screen-Shot-2019-02-20-at-8.02.32-PM-768x425.png 768w, https:\/\/blogs.ubc.ca\/mrpletsch\/files\/2019\/02\/Screen-Shot-2019-02-20-at-8.02.32-PM-552x305.png 552w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 805px) 100vw, 805px\" \/><\/p>\n<h3>C. Circulation and Respiration<\/h3>\n<p>Due to the presence of a <b>coelom<\/b> along with increased size\/complexity, annelids developed a <b>circulatory system<\/b> to transport oxygen, nutrients, and remove waste.<\/p>\n<p><em><span style=\"text-decoration: underline;\"><strong>Circulation:<\/strong><\/span><\/em><\/p>\n<p><b>Closed- Circulatory System<\/b> &#8211; Blood is <b>always contained in vessels.<\/b><\/p>\n<ul>\n<li><b>Dorsal (top) vessels move blood towards the head.<\/b><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<ul>\n<li>Ventral (bottom) vessels move blood towards the anus<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<figure id=\"attachment_767\" aria-describedby=\"caption-attachment-767\" style=\"width: 253px\" class=\"wp-caption aligncenter\"><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"size-full wp-image-767\" src=\"https:\/\/blogs.ubc.ca\/mrpletsch\/files\/2019\/02\/Screen-Shot-2019-02-20-at-8.06.59-PM.png\" alt=\"\" width=\"253\" height=\"335\" srcset=\"https:\/\/blogs.ubc.ca\/mrpletsch\/files\/2019\/02\/Screen-Shot-2019-02-20-at-8.06.59-PM.png 253w, https:\/\/blogs.ubc.ca\/mrpletsch\/files\/2019\/02\/Screen-Shot-2019-02-20-at-8.06.59-PM-227x300.png 227w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 253px) 100vw, 253px\" \/><figcaption id=\"caption-attachment-767\" class=\"wp-caption-text\">Figure 9: Closed-Circulatory system in Annelids<\/figcaption><\/figure>\n<p><span style=\"text-decoration: underline;\"><strong><em>Respiration:<\/em><\/strong><\/span><\/p>\n<p><b>Cutaneous <\/b><b>Respiration<\/b><b> &#8211; \u201cSkin\u201d <\/b><b>breathing.<\/b> Gas exchange occurs through the skin and into the blood from transport. (Need moist skin)<\/p>\n<p><b>Many <\/b><b>aquatic worms<\/b> use gills for gas exchange.<\/p>\n<figure id=\"attachment_768\" aria-describedby=\"caption-attachment-768\" style=\"width: 206px\" class=\"wp-caption aligncenter\"><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"size-full wp-image-768\" src=\"https:\/\/blogs.ubc.ca\/mrpletsch\/files\/2019\/02\/Screen-Shot-2019-02-20-at-8.08.01-PM.png\" alt=\"\" width=\"206\" height=\"166\" \/><figcaption id=\"caption-attachment-768\" class=\"wp-caption-text\">Figure 10: Gills in Marine Worms<\/figcaption><\/figure>\n<h3>D. Reproduction<\/h3>\n<ul>\n<li>Most annelids <b>reproduce sexually<\/b><\/li>\n<li>Some <b>have <\/b><b><i>separate sexes<\/i><\/b><b> with external fertilization. (ex. Marine Worms)<\/b><\/li>\n<li><b>Others are hermaphrodites (ex. earthworms)<\/b><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p><b>Case Study: <\/b><b><i>Earthworm Reproduction<\/i><\/b><\/p>\n<ol>\n<li>Earthworms pair up and <b>exchange sperm for storage in special sacs.<\/b><\/li>\n<li>When eggs are ready for fertilization, <b>the <\/b><b>clitellum (band of specialized segments)<\/b><b> secrets a mucus ring with sperm and eggs.<\/b><\/li>\n<\/ol>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<figure id=\"attachment_769\" aria-describedby=\"caption-attachment-769\" style=\"width: 373px\" class=\"wp-caption aligncenter\"><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"size-full wp-image-769\" src=\"https:\/\/blogs.ubc.ca\/mrpletsch\/files\/2019\/02\/Screen-Shot-2019-02-20-at-8.09.24-PM.png\" alt=\"\" width=\"373\" height=\"206\" srcset=\"https:\/\/blogs.ubc.ca\/mrpletsch\/files\/2019\/02\/Screen-Shot-2019-02-20-at-8.09.24-PM.png 373w, https:\/\/blogs.ubc.ca\/mrpletsch\/files\/2019\/02\/Screen-Shot-2019-02-20-at-8.09.24-PM-300x166.png 300w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 373px) 100vw, 373px\" \/><figcaption id=\"caption-attachment-769\" class=\"wp-caption-text\">Figure 11: Earthworm Respiration<\/figcaption><\/figure>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<p>3. When eggs are fertilized in the ring, it slips off and forms <b>a protective \u201ccocoon\u201d<\/b><\/p>\n<ol start=\"4\">\n<li>Eggs hatch a week later.<\/li>\n<\/ol>\n<figure id=\"attachment_770\" aria-describedby=\"caption-attachment-770\" style=\"width: 801px\" class=\"wp-caption aligncenter\"><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"size-full wp-image-770\" src=\"https:\/\/blogs.ubc.ca\/mrpletsch\/files\/2019\/02\/Screen-Shot-2019-02-20-at-8.10.18-PM.png\" alt=\"\" width=\"801\" height=\"475\" srcset=\"https:\/\/blogs.ubc.ca\/mrpletsch\/files\/2019\/02\/Screen-Shot-2019-02-20-at-8.10.18-PM.png 801w, https:\/\/blogs.ubc.ca\/mrpletsch\/files\/2019\/02\/Screen-Shot-2019-02-20-at-8.10.18-PM-300x178.png 300w, https:\/\/blogs.ubc.ca\/mrpletsch\/files\/2019\/02\/Screen-Shot-2019-02-20-at-8.10.18-PM-768x455.png 768w, https:\/\/blogs.ubc.ca\/mrpletsch\/files\/2019\/02\/Screen-Shot-2019-02-20-at-8.10.18-PM-552x327.png 552w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 801px) 100vw, 801px\" \/><figcaption id=\"caption-attachment-770\" class=\"wp-caption-text\">Figure 12: Earthworm Reproduction<\/figcaption><\/figure>\n<h3>E. Major Groups of Annelids<\/h3>\n<p><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"aligncenter size-full wp-image-771\" src=\"https:\/\/blogs.ubc.ca\/mrpletsch\/files\/2019\/02\/Screen-Shot-2019-02-20-at-8.11.18-PM.png\" alt=\"\" width=\"802\" height=\"313\" srcset=\"https:\/\/blogs.ubc.ca\/mrpletsch\/files\/2019\/02\/Screen-Shot-2019-02-20-at-8.11.18-PM.png 802w, https:\/\/blogs.ubc.ca\/mrpletsch\/files\/2019\/02\/Screen-Shot-2019-02-20-at-8.11.18-PM-300x117.png 300w, https:\/\/blogs.ubc.ca\/mrpletsch\/files\/2019\/02\/Screen-Shot-2019-02-20-at-8.11.18-PM-768x300.png 768w, https:\/\/blogs.ubc.ca\/mrpletsch\/files\/2019\/02\/Screen-Shot-2019-02-20-at-8.11.18-PM-552x215.png 552w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 802px) 100vw, 802px\" \/><\/p>\n<p><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"aligncenter size-full wp-image-772\" src=\"https:\/\/blogs.ubc.ca\/mrpletsch\/files\/2019\/02\/Screen-Shot-2019-02-20-at-8.11.30-PM.png\" alt=\"\" width=\"807\" height=\"331\" srcset=\"https:\/\/blogs.ubc.ca\/mrpletsch\/files\/2019\/02\/Screen-Shot-2019-02-20-at-8.11.30-PM.png 807w, https:\/\/blogs.ubc.ca\/mrpletsch\/files\/2019\/02\/Screen-Shot-2019-02-20-at-8.11.30-PM-300x123.png 300w, https:\/\/blogs.ubc.ca\/mrpletsch\/files\/2019\/02\/Screen-Shot-2019-02-20-at-8.11.30-PM-768x315.png 768w, https:\/\/blogs.ubc.ca\/mrpletsch\/files\/2019\/02\/Screen-Shot-2019-02-20-at-8.11.30-PM-552x226.png 552w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 807px) 100vw, 807px\" \/><\/p>\n<p><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"aligncenter size-full wp-image-773\" src=\"https:\/\/blogs.ubc.ca\/mrpletsch\/files\/2019\/02\/Screen-Shot-2019-02-20-at-8.11.45-PM.png\" alt=\"\" width=\"801\" height=\"278\" srcset=\"https:\/\/blogs.ubc.ca\/mrpletsch\/files\/2019\/02\/Screen-Shot-2019-02-20-at-8.11.45-PM.png 801w, https:\/\/blogs.ubc.ca\/mrpletsch\/files\/2019\/02\/Screen-Shot-2019-02-20-at-8.11.45-PM-300x104.png 300w, https:\/\/blogs.ubc.ca\/mrpletsch\/files\/2019\/02\/Screen-Shot-2019-02-20-at-8.11.45-PM-768x267.png 768w, https:\/\/blogs.ubc.ca\/mrpletsch\/files\/2019\/02\/Screen-Shot-2019-02-20-at-8.11.45-PM-552x192.png 552w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 801px) 100vw, 801px\" \/><\/p>\n<p><iframe loading=\"lazy\" width=\"700\" height=\"394\" src=\"https:\/\/www.youtube.com\/embed\/0fGGz6d3vC4?feature=oembed\" frameborder=\"0\" allow=\"accelerometer; autoplay; encrypted-media; gyroscope; picture-in-picture\" allowfullscreen><\/iframe><\/p>\n<h3>Review\/Practice Questions:<\/h3>\n<ol>\n<li>The development of the coelom was one of the most important evolutionary developments in the Kingdom Animalia. Why is it so important in the development of higher animals (such as humans)?<\/li>\n<\/ol>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<ol start=\"2\">\n<li>A worm with <strong>many, large setae<\/strong>, paired <strong>parapodia, jaws <\/strong>was identified in the ocean. Which <strong>class<\/strong> is this worm from?<\/li>\n<li>Which was the <strong>first phylum<\/strong> to develop simple cephalization (head development). How do the individuals in that group compare to <strong>annelids<\/strong> in terms of cephalization? (i.e. how is it different\/more advanced?)<\/li>\n<li>How do annelids excrete nitrogenous waste?<\/li>\n<li>Sketch a three panel comic illustrating the stages of sexual reproduction in earthworms. Be creative, have fun, and add labels!<\/li>\n<\/ol>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p class=\"post-excerpt\">Phylum Annelida &#8211; Segmented Worms The Basics Annelid -&gt; \u201cLittle Ring\u201d The first of the \u201chigher invertebrates\u201d and the third&#8230;<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":48401,"featured_media":0,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"footnotes":""},"categories":[1200970],"tags":[],"class_list":["post-756","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","hentry","category-biology-11"],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/blogs.ubc.ca\/mrpletsch\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/756","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/blogs.ubc.ca\/mrpletsch\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/blogs.ubc.ca\/mrpletsch\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/blogs.ubc.ca\/mrpletsch\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/48401"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/blogs.ubc.ca\/mrpletsch\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=756"}],"version-history":[{"count":3,"href":"https:\/\/blogs.ubc.ca\/mrpletsch\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/756\/revisions"}],"predecessor-version":[{"id":1383,"href":"https:\/\/blogs.ubc.ca\/mrpletsch\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/756\/revisions\/1383"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/blogs.ubc.ca\/mrpletsch\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=756"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/blogs.ubc.ca\/mrpletsch\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/categories?post=756"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/blogs.ubc.ca\/mrpletsch\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/tags?post=756"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}