Nicolo at UBC (ASTU)

Upon completing my first midterm of 2016 on Tuesday this week, I was almost caught off guard by how quickly January has come to an end. There is no room to take your foot off the pedal and little margin for error now. It is time to buckle-up for a new term filled with challenges, but also plenty cheers.

This week, our ASTU 100 class has begun analyzing a short excerpt in a book entitled Frames of War: When is a Life Grievable? written by philosopher and literary theorist Judith Butler. As we started to unpack this heavyweight together, central themes and arguments Butler poses throughout her first chapter were brought to light. Various topics that were raised consisted of the frames in which we value mortality, “cosmopolitan memory,” “trauma transfer,” and the role of a global citizen. However, what really stood out to me as something that incorporates all of the those mentioned above and what I wish to expand on, is this perceived notion that, “the body is a social phenomenon: it is exposed to others, vulnerable by definition” (33).

Frames in which we interpret the value of life are fluidly changing and the vast array of opinions held are subjective to factors such as time, place, context, and the popular media. We need to understand that our stance is not formulated on our own, – interpretation is not found in a vacuum –  but is consequently reliant on others around us to form a social construct (34). What fascinates me is in the greater question of what makes a life vulnerable? For example, who is like me and who am I responsible for (36)? Are we revisiting the popular the rhetoric of “us” against “them” or “you are either with us or with the terrorists” from 2001?

Referring back to exceptionalism and the precariousness of life, there seems to be a large inconsistency in the lives we choose to mourn for. At times, we have almost become unaware of tragedies occurring halfway across the globe, but also in our backyard! Just one horrific example of the millions of tragedies that have occurred in our world: Where was the news coverage for the massacre that left 2,000 civilians dead in Baga, Nigeria during the Charlie Hebdo terror attacks? How many of us actually knew about this event on the news? I surely did not. It seems as if the world did not even bat an eye. What about the innocent civilians being caught in the increased bombings on ISIS occupied cities? You do not refer to the Mumbai attacks mentioned in Priya’s blog as 26/11. On a continental level, have we become numb and accepting to the mass shootings that occur in the United States in particular, every single day. Who chooses what events get air time on the media? Do we speak of the inevitability when we read news articles entitled “Two shootings in Abotsford overnight”? The title When is a life Grievable speaks for itself.

I certainly do not have all the answers and I know it would be nearly impossible for every event to be acknowledged or receive equal air time, but while writing this blog, it certainly made me think critically on what exactly we can do moving forward. As a society, we must be careful not dislocate our perspective from the context of tragedies in general. We must value life.

This is how we move forward as a society.

Cheers,

Nico Jimenez

Hello ASTU 100!

Long time no see! I hope you all had a great Christmas break filled with some much needed quality time around family and friends, plenty of sleep, moments to reflect on our first term of university, and set new goals for the upcoming year.

However, as we took a pause from the hustle and bustle here at UBC, news from all over the world did not cease to appear on our media news feeds. Events such as the ongoing refugee crisis, terror attacks across the globe, Middle East relations, elections, and foreign policy decisions have stayed atop the sphere of popular media. With the notions of fear, trauma, security, xenophobia, and Islamophobia at its peak, I could not think of a better way to start off our second term in ASTU by reading Jonathan Safran Foer’s novel entitled Extremely Loud and Incredibly Close.

With the ideas of 9/11 and American Exceptionalism brought to light in Foer’s novel, many bloggers challenged the exclusive narratives of trauma in 9/11, as well as the popular rhetoric which followed “the worst day ever”.

Questioning the uniqueness of the attacks on 9/11, Mariana is met with skepticism as she writes, “are the attacks of 9/11 actually exceptional? Terrorist attacks were happening and continue to happen now. People experience trauma all over the world.” Instead, she argues that, “events like these are not supposed to set borders between people…they can unite people and make them understand each other more.” What makes trauma a widely debated topic is in part due to its universality; everyone has been affected either directly or indirectly in some way, shape or form by a particular event. This segways us into Imaan’s blog. Here, she writes about her cousin Salima who was en route to the World Trade Center subway stop when the attacks occurred. “With the numerous painful memories that were caused from this day, everyone has their own story to tell…She told me it [was] the most chaotic and stressful situation she had ever been in. Moreover, the novel does an upright evaluation on the true emotions that are conveyed [on] 9/11.” Having my mom fly to New York on a very frequent basis, I have experienced and been told first-hand the direct changes in airport security, but also on the streets of Manhattan with new terror protocol, cameras on every block, and an increased police presence.

As we have discussed extensively in class, the role of ownership and agency of trauma through various contexts is a widely conversed topic. This brings me to Priya’s blog, as she brings her another unique story of trauma to the table. “[This novel] took me back to the national trauma that I encountered as a citizen of India during the 26/11 Mumbai attacks…something that I witnessed not only on the television screen but from [a] few of my acquaintances who actually lost their loved ones in the attacks.”

Reverting back to 9/11 Exceptionalism, in my opinion the mere reason we have coined the attacks on the World Trade Centre that occurred on September 11, 2001 as “9/11” hints us towards a unique event in time, but also a new post-9/11 era, if you will. You never hear the attacks in Mumbai referred to as “26/11” or the recent Paris attacks as XY and Z. How are events in the novel such as the fire bombings in Dresden, Hiroshima, and the Holocaust set apart from “the worst day ever”? These questions I will hope to delve further in on a another blog post. This post-9/11 era we live in comes with rash emotions, stereotypes, phobias, and irrational fear that are still embodied to this day.

In Foer’s use of Oskar as a metaphor for America post-9/11, Tzur furthers this claim in saying, “For Oskar the attack marks the worst day ever, his entire life is turned upside down and after the attacks Oskar exhibits some very odd feelings…[he] is scared of Muslims and people in turbens, suddenly elevators become places of fear.” Kaveel too expresses similar feelings during his youth where he admits, “I also recall experiencing anxiety when I saw a traditional Arab costume because being the young oblivious child I was, I associated it with terrorism.” A similar dialogue is expressed as Sania writes about a Yik Yak post she read regarding Islamophobia, in which the author wrote, “Canada was founded by Europeans and it should primarily belong to Europeans. Backwards desert religions have no place here.” This type of dialogue has seen a great resurgence as of late in both the private and public sectors. Even Republicans and Democrats are struggling to draw a finite line between freedom, security, racist, and extremist views.

As Oskar famously put it, “There was a lot of stuff that made me panicky, like…Arab people on the subway (even though I’m not racist)” (36).

The need for contextualization is pursued in Jacqueline’s blog where she expresses that, “on the other hand, stories of tragedy like terrorist attacks carry inherently political implications that must be contextualized in order to make broader policy decisions…when American’s were most fragile they were fed lies about how Arabs hate freedom and all things American like hot dogs and Fords.” Whether Extremely Loud and Incredibly Close promotes 9/11 Exceptionalism, I too, am torn between personal trauma and 9/11, moreover, perhaps they are not mutual exclusive? Further, Jacqueline concludes, “9/11 exceptionalism is dangerous in that it creates a culture that ignores the causes of attacks and creates a culture that is incapable of mourning without hatred and ignorance. When people are able to empathize with loss while gaining insight into the larger context in which the tragedy exists then they’re better equipped to exist in a post 9/11 or post trauma world.”

Just as I was about to submit this post the the class blog, the recent incident regarding speculations of the 3 Middle Eastern looking men who were conducting “suspicious activity” inside Pacific Centre Mall on the 14th of January. Personally, I feel as if this is a direct ripple effect of living in a post-9/11 world, especially as tensions begin to rise by the day. It seems as if more people nowadays carry their own “terrorist checklist” stored in their brain. When it comes to race, skin colour, sex, and religion, we are so quick to pull out our “checklist”, slab stereotypes and racist generalizations that divide us, rather than come together in reconciliation. Although I can completely understand police rationale behind VPD precautions, would we even be having this conversation if those 3 men were Caucasian? Perhaps, we will never know…

My dearest apologies for the duration of this blog, but this post and topic truly spoke to me on a personal level, all the more having my mom travel to New York on a frequent monthly basis and seeing a 9/11 world unravel in front of our eyes. Once again, I had such a blast reading all of your blogs and do regret not being able to mention many of them. However, do keep an eye out in the “comment sections”  where I will further continue this dialogue!

Kind regards,

Nico Jimenez

Here are a couple links to news articles regarding the incident at Pacific Centre Mall:  http://www.vancitybuzz.com/2016/01/vancouver-police-search-middle-eastern-men-pacific-centre-mall/ and http://bc.ctvnews.ca/suspicious-men-at-vancouver-mall-completely-innocent-vpd-1.2738807