Monthly Archives: February 2018

Developing Division Skills

DEVELOPING DIVISION SKILLS

Pre-Lesson Information:

Teacher figures out what students know about division (basic and long) Students answer questions or complete assessment
This information helps guide future lessons and supports students who are struggling

 

Generate:

Teacher gets students to compare multiplication and division and their relationship Students create fact families, skip counting sequences, etc. to show relationshipStudents create a relationship between the two concepts
When do we use multiplication and division? Division – Used for splitting items among groups, for sharing, for splitting bills at a restaurant, etc.Multiplication – for purchasing more than one item, etc.

Understanding multiplication will create a solid understanding of division

 

Evaluate:

Teachers asks students to think about basic division and try and figure out how to solve more complex problems (long division) Students explore and evaluate questions. Can they figure out how to solve the questions?Can students figure out what steps are required to different solve problems?

 

Modify:

Teacher asks students how to figure out problems with remainders.How can students use their existing knowledge to solve the problems? What happens when a number does not divide evenly?What can be done with the “leftovers?” (decimals, remainders)

When would we use decimals vs remainders?

The concept that I chose to explore is long division. Using the T-Gem method, I’m hoping that integrating technology into the process will help students grasp the concept a little more easily. I will start with a bit of information about my class dynamics and what I have done before re-introducing these students to long division. In my math class, even though, I have a grade 7 class, I have only 8 students who are actually at a grade 7 level. This has caused our school to take a closer look at how we can best support our struggling learners, since the majority of them have not been tested and therefore, are not on an IEP. As teachers, we are not able to modify the curriculum, but rather, we must do our best to adapt it in a way that makes it accessible for these learners. As part of our PLC (professional learning community), we have created small groups that focus on mastering one or two concepts before moving on. Our goal is to try and fill some of the gaps that these students have so that they can feel a sense of success. At the beginning of the year, we administered an assessment to all the grade 7s so that we could see what concepts they had mastered and what concepts they needed to spend more time on. After working with our students and looking at this assessment, we discovered that there are quite a few students who do not understand how to do long division.

I believe the first problem with long division is that many of the students do not have a solid understanding of basic division. With these intervention groups at my school, this is where we began our lessons. We started with having the students use manipulatives and moving (dividing) these manipulatives into groups. The students were shown some videos to help explain the process (BrainPop, Khan Academy).  We also related division to multiplication and showed how they are related (fact families, etc.). Phet has a division simulation that helps show this relationship. The students played “games,” worked with partners, and used whiteboards to practice. Throughout the process, the teachers in the room observed the students and created formative assessments to make sure all of the students were grasping the concept successfully.

Once this small group of students had a deeper understanding of what division is, they moved onto long division (this is the stage they are at now). One strategy that was used had the students using post-it notes to show the relationship between the numbers.

http://middleschoolocd.blogspot.ca/2013/09/throwdown-linky-post-it-note-division.html – Sorry, I couldn’t figure out how to get the visual in this document.

This helped students see where the numbers go, the relationship between the numbers and the importance of lining up columns (this was an issue for many of these learners). One colour is used for the divisor and one for the dividend. The quotient and product are the same colour as the divisor so students can see that they are related. The difference is a third colour (yellow). I am trying to figure out how I can make this digital. Does anyone have any suggestions? Once students have mastered the PROCESS of long division (I find this takes longer than expected), there a tons of games, programs, videos and apps that help students practice this skill to create a solid understanding of how to complete long division questions.

Games:

Who Wants to Be a Millionaire: http://www.math-play.com/Division-Millionaire/division-millionaire.html

Snork’s Long Division Game:

http://kidsnumbers.com/long-division/

Math Mountain:

https://www.funbrain.com/games/math-mountain

Drag and Drop math:

http://mrnussbaum.com/drag-and-drop-math/

Long Division with Scratch

https://scratch.mit.edu/projects/1387273/

Programs:

Mathletics

http://ca.mathletics.com/

Apps:

Division!! (free)

https://itunes.apple.com/ca/app/division/id492164003?mt=8

Long Division Touch (free)

https://itunes.apple.com/ca/app/long-division-touch/id574226151?mt=8

Videos

Khan Academy

https://www.khanacademy.org/tag/long-division

Brainpop

https://www.brainpop.com/math/numbersandoperations/division/

One app that is great for getting students to show their understanding and thinking is Explain Everything. In the past, I have had students create a “how to” book so that they can teach others how to do long division. I find this to be a very helpful strategy.

What strategies, resources or technology do you use to teach your students long division?

Nicole

On a side note, I absolutely loved the interactive Periodic Table in the Chemland Interactive website and wish I was able to use this during my chemistry course. Even though many of the concepts within this website are beyond what my grade 7 students are learning, some students might like to explore it if they have an interest in this subject area. In grade 7, students are learning a very basic level of chemistry, but this does not mean that some would not like to extend their learning and use Chemland to do that. They can click on any of the elements to learn more (density, boiling point, melting point, etc.). I also like that the descriptions are clear and written in a way that students can understand.

Creation of WISE and Implementation

 

  • What was the motivation to create WISE?

“WISE is different because it was developed with the explicit goal of providing a technology-enhanced learning environment for a wide community of science teachers and educational researchers” (Slotta & Linn, p. 5). WISE is free and accessible to all teachers. The website is setup so it’s user-friendly, easy for students and teachers to register. Teachers can use existing projects, create their own projects or adapt an existing project to fit their students’ interests or needs. If technology is limited, the teacher could have students work in partners or groups or it could be shown to an entire class (the students could discuss the questions as a class or in small groups). If the students were really passionate about a topic they were studying, they could create their own WISE project that could be shared with other classes. This allows students to show their knowledge in creative ways. WISE creates opportunities for students to critically think about a topic, and it allows the teacher to be a guide (when needed) rather than a facilitator.

  • How could you use a WISE project in your school or another learning environment?

In my classroom, we have limited access to technology so I would need to plan ahead as to when I would want to start a project and estimate how long it would take (there is a good time guideline for each project that will be helpful). I would have my students work in partners to help create opportunities for them to collaborate and share their ideas. Once my students, had completed a couple of the WISE projects, I would give them the opportunity to either create their own project or edit an existing one. This would give them another way to show their learning on a specific topic of choice. Many of my students like to take on a leadership role and thrive when given this responsibility.

WISE-ing up our Science Students

The Web-based Inquiry Science Environment (WISE) works with teachers, researchers and scientists to create technology enhanced, interactive, inquiry based projects. All of these projects are then editable by teachers to help fit the needs and interests of their students. The project that I chose to edit and revise was called Photosynthesis (ID 23333). I chose this topic as this is one of the topics my class will be learning about in our upcoming science units. I was really impressed with how interactive these projects were. “WISE has also proven its worth for students and teachers in classrooms around the world. This project can be judged a success based solely on the number of teachers who have adopted WISE in their science courses for all topics from grades 6-12 (ages 11-17). More than 100,000 students have now participated in a WISE inquiry project, and more than a thousand teachers” (Slotta & Linn, p.4).

These projects appeal to all types of learners. For example, our visual learners are able to learn through diagrams and videos. They also have some interactive activities that create opportunities for the students to actively engage in their learning. The students are also provided with a variety of ways to show their learning. The Photosynthesis project has multiple choice and short answer questions, as well as drag and drop activities. I would have my students work in pairs to create opportunities for them to collaborate, communicate and problem solve together. I think these projects would work great in a constructivist setting as the students get to learn at their own pace while they work through the different activities. The teacher can guide the students when they are having difficulty. The activities provided in this project, give the students immediate feedback so that they can go back and review the material if needed. If students show an interest in a particular topic, they would be able to branch out and explore the areas of interest in more depth.

I made a couple of changes to the Photosynthesis project. First, I added a BrainPop video about photosynthesis after the page titled “what is photosynthesis.” I did this just in case the students did not understand the diagram or needed a more thorough explanation.

For the open ended questions (listed below) I will have the students write their ideas down on a large post-it note paper that will be displayed in the room. This will give us discussion points after the whole class had completed the project in partners. I find that this helps students expand their thinking.

  • Plants Out in Thin Air: Have a look at the healthy plants below. Notice anything they don’t have?
  • But how do plants turn these elements into glucose? What do plants do with light energy during photosynthesis?

After my students have completed this project, I would probably make more edits and changes to it. I would use the feedback that they provide to help guide these changes. I found that I did not need to make very many changes as the author of this particular project did a great job. I also think that as I become more comfortable with using this program, I would feel more comfortable making more changes. The next project that I am interested in editing is Climate Change as my students will be working on this topic during Earth Month (April).

References:

Slotta, J. D. & Linn, M. C. (in press). WISE Science: Inquiry and the Internet in the Science Classroom. Teachers College Press.