{"id":1365,"date":"2017-02-05T13:08:12","date_gmt":"2017-02-05T20:08:12","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/blogs.ubc.ca\/stem2017\/?p=1365"},"modified":"2017-02-05T13:08:12","modified_gmt":"2017-02-05T20:08:12","slug":"the-tales-of-blood-pck-and-tpack","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/blogs.ubc.ca\/stem2017\/2017\/02\/05\/the-tales-of-blood-pck-and-tpack\/","title":{"rendered":"The tales of blood &#8211; PCK and TPACK"},"content":{"rendered":"<p>Shulman (1986) differentiates between content knowledge and pedagogical content knowledge (PCK).\u00a0 It is true the teacher must be an expert in the content she wishes to teach but at the same time must also be an expert in <em>how<\/em> to teach that content.\u00a0 This is where Shulman (1986) suggests PCK is, &#8220;&#8230;the most useful form of representation of those ideas, the most powerful analogies, illustrations, examples, explanations, and demonstrations&#8230;&#8221; (p. 9).\u00a0 The ideas he speaks of are the content, the concepts, the specific learning outcomes outlined in the curriculum guides.\u00a0 It is essentially not enough to know the stuff, but to know how to help students know that stuff that you know so well.<\/p>\n<p>An example of PCK I have used in the past that has anecdotally worked well for me is the topic of blood types and blood transfusions, hence the title of this post :).<\/p>\n<p>Blood types and transfusions shows up in the biology 30s Manitoba curriculum under the circulatory system.\u00a0 It is a challenge for students to understand how we have 4 different blood types, and why getting certain red blood cells (RBCs) can be beneficial to a patient and why others can be catastrophic.\u00a0 In order to help illustrate these ideas I have used the analogy of donuts. I did not come up with this analogy, simply found it online and borrowed it like any teachers with the best of intentions at heart.<\/p>\n<p>Basically the analogy goes that RBCs are like donuts, some have A sprinkles, some have B sprinkles, some have A and B sprinkles and some have no sprinkles.\u00a0 Sprinkles are analogous to antigens found poking out on the surface of these RBCs that help identify the type of they are either A, B, AB, or O.\u00a0 The Rh sprinkle is tacked on after when students are comfortable with the A, B, AB, and O.<\/p>\n<p>Then comes the challenging part of identifying correct versus wrong blood transfusions where students often get lost.\u00a0 Here the presence of antibodies is explained and the Blood Typing Came from Nobleprize.org (https:\/\/www.nobelprize.org\/educational\/medicine\/bloodtypinggame\/) is used to help gamify transfusions and help the development of the concept in an engaging way.\u00a0 I suppose this is where I use technology and essentially\u00a0 I am using TPACK at this point in the lesson.<\/p>\n<p>I enjoy teaching this lesson as I get to talk about donuts and the game is fun to play.<\/p>\n<p>Thanks,<\/p>\n<p>Vibhu<\/p>\n<p>Shulman, Lee S. (1986). Those who understand: Knowledge growth in teaching. \u00a0<em>Educational Researcher<\/em>, \u00a0<em>15<\/em>, \u00a02., pp. 4-14.<\/p>\n<p>Blood Typing Game. (Nobleprize.org). Retrieved from: https:\/\/www.nobelprize.org\/educational\/medicine\/bloodtypinggame\/<\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>Shulman (1986) differentiates between content knowledge and pedagogical content knowledge (PCK).\u00a0 It is true the teacher must be an expert in the content she wishes to teach but at the same time must also be an expert in how to teach that content.\u00a0 This is where Shulman (1986) suggests PCK is, &#8220;&#8230;the most useful form [&hellip;]<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":44473,"featured_media":0,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"footnotes":""},"categories":[1669398],"tags":[],"class_list":["post-1365","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","hentry","category-b-pck"],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/blogs.ubc.ca\/stem2017\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/1365","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/blogs.ubc.ca\/stem2017\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/blogs.ubc.ca\/stem2017\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/blogs.ubc.ca\/stem2017\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/44473"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/blogs.ubc.ca\/stem2017\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=1365"}],"version-history":[{"count":1,"href":"https:\/\/blogs.ubc.ca\/stem2017\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/1365\/revisions"}],"predecessor-version":[{"id":1366,"href":"https:\/\/blogs.ubc.ca\/stem2017\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/1365\/revisions\/1366"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/blogs.ubc.ca\/stem2017\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=1365"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/blogs.ubc.ca\/stem2017\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/categories?post=1365"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/blogs.ubc.ca\/stem2017\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/tags?post=1365"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}