Category Archives: Education

Constructivism in Action

Last week, as part of an online conference for a course on learning theories and their application to online learning environments (ETEC512), I co-hosted a conference on Twitter.  There were three of us working on the presentation, and we thought a great deal about how we wanted to present the theory of constructivism as it related to online learning communities.  We met several times on Google Hangouts to sift through all of our ideas and were undecided until I had a brainwave one morning while driving down the highway en route to picking up my children from school.  I sent my classmates a voice memo as I was driving (multi-tasking is a mother’s forte) and we were off to the races.

ConstructivismIt was, without a doubt, one of the most rewarding group experiences I have had during this program to date. The level of collaboration, and the suggestions from the OLC that we tapped into on Twitter were so diverse! We had experience tweeters and newbies alongside each other, sharing good practice, and looking at constructivism from so many perspectives. The dialogue on both Twitter and through comments on the blog itself, allowed us to build a shared understanding of what constructivism in OLCs looks like in practice.

In the end, we were very pleased with the conference and I think we were able to achieve our goal.  At the end of the week, we created two tools that I would like to share here.

Our Pinterest page, compiling all the resources shared throughout the week:

PinterestThe conference’s Twitter posts on Storify:

StorifyI am moderating a workshop at the moment, and we were discussing how to use process journals with students in a paperless environment.  One of the participants remarked that, although she was certain there were plenty of options available to students today, she would need a lesson in how to set something up online for them to use.  I suggested that we could also use the tools that we have available to us already, rather than complicating the situation.  That is exactly what we did here – we were searching for a way to allow conference participants to contribute to a shared understanding of our topic, and trying to think of ways to do this online (blogs, discussion forums, google docs, Padlet, etc.)… but in the end, it worked so incredibly well to use something that is already a part of so many people’s lives. Why reinvent the wheel?

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Spirituality of Technology?

In one of the core courses for the Masters program that I am taking (MET), we were asked to consider the intersection of spirituality and technology.  I had a hard time with this concept, as I didn’t really buy into what was being presented in the readings or to the idea of technology being something spiritual.  The problem?  I signed up to write a case study on this topic.  It had sounded so intriguing at the time…

So, along with three others in the class, I dove into the topic and we found some very interesting studies, sites, and articles.  This is the final result of our efforts – a case study for middle school students exploring the spirituality of technology.  Feedback welcome.

The Spirituality of Technology - Robosapiens

The Spirituality of Technology – Robosapiens

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Reflections on Constructivism

In one of my courses, I was asked to reflect on the following quotes from Ernst von Glasersfeld, the philosopher who came up with the idea of ‘radical constructivism’, and explain what I think they mean for constructivist teaching methods:

“… to assess the truth of your knowledge you would have to know what you come to know before you come to know it”. (p.37)

“… it appears that knowledge is not a transferable commodity and communication not a conveyance”. (p.48)

I struggled with the above quotes for some time, but then I saw what he was trying to say, and thought about this in relation to my own teaching practice.

Constructivism, in its purest form, would argue that knowledge is not something that can be passed on from one mind to another, but rather that it is something that is built from experiences.  Von Glasersfeld, who was on the more radical side of constructivism, argued that knowledge comes from experiencing something, and from building upon prior knowledge and experiences to create meaning from every new experience. The quote, “To assess the truth of your knowledge you would have to know what you come to know before you come to know it”, illustrates constructivist theory in its radical state.  Von Glasersfeld is arguing that there are no ultimate answers to the mysteries of life.  If someone claims to know the truth of something, it would mean that they would have had to know something fully before they had even developed an understanding of it; otherwise, how could they possibly be in a position to evaluate the truth of the knowledge they had just come to learn?  He is arguing against the traditional approach to education, where a teacher imparts “knowledge” to the student.  Constructivist teaching allows the student to build their knowledge through questioning, and through experience.  They must experience it to understand it.  “It appears that knowledge is not a transferable commodity and communication not a conveyance”, he says.  Students are not empty vessels to be filled, and talking to them isn’t going to help them understand anything.  Constructivism encourages teachers to find out what their students already know, and to guide them as they ask questions and find the answers to those same questions.  Their role is not to impart wisdom or knowledge, but rather to guide and direct their students along their path to finding information that is relevant and meaningful to their lives.

For those interested in hearing more of what von Glasersfeld has to say, have a look at this short interview with him.

[youtube=https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=YozoZxblQx8]

Von Glasersfeld, E. (2008). Learning as a Constructive Activity. AntiMatters, 2(3), 33-49.
Available online: http://anti-matters.org/articles/73/public/73-66-1-PB.pdf

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Is Media Education Important Enough to be Required?

[youtube=http://youtu.be/5JSYT2Ceqmo]

This video was designed as part of the Masters in Educational Technology program at the University of British Columbia in Vancouver, Canada.  I was asked to design a media production around one of the themes or questions in a course I am taking.  I chose to look at the question, “Is Media Education Important Enough to be Required?”

In making the video, I challenged myself to really think about the barriers to including media education in our schools.  I kept coming back to the HOW of media education, rather than the what.  It doesn’t matter which devices or programs we are using, if they are used well!

A friend of mine asked me about the use of tech in the classroom, especially tablets.  She was reading an article in response to the LA Schools district’s fiasco with their mass iPad distribution (and shame-faced recollection), and one comment that jumped out at her was that children see certain technology as entertainment devices and are not readily switched over to valuing them as educational tools. She asked me for my thoughts.

For me, it comes back to the teachers. I strongly believe that we need to be introducing media and technology to our students in a way that they see it as so much more than just an entertainment device. We need to show them how to use an iPad, for example, for research, word processing, and creation of projects (iMovie, SoundCloud, GarageBand, Blogging platforms like Weebly or WordPress, etc.). If they are being shown how to access the incredible tools available to them (calculators, dictionaries, maps, iAnnotate for scholarly articles, word processing software, etc.) for a variety of subject areas, they will start to see the iPad as more than an entertainment device. They will start to see the big picture, and understand why they have been given this opportunity. It really does come down to the way that it is being introduced, and how its use is being monitored.

Another friend of mine wrote to me yesterday in response to this video saying, “I think it is a bit of a double edged sword… I find [that] students think that everything is a Google search away, with a cut and past delivery of information. There is a developing attitude of ‘I don’t need to know some thing when I can just Google it or punch it out on a calculator’. Problem with losing the pencil and paper [is that] it disassociates the tactile learning of how to understand what I see and how I physical[ly] effect my work. It loses the hands on and I think [this] is a vital method of learning. With the multimedia approach there seems to be loss of rout memory learning. I would be interested if there are any studies out that definitively say a child will learn better if learned from a media source [versus] a more traditional “paper and pencil”. Just because something is new and shiny, doesn’t mean its better. Also do the effects of using media increase the retention of learned concepts better, or could it help only a more visually or auditory learner…”.  I was very excited to see my short film creating dialogue like this.

I don’t know if this old friend (from my elementary school days) is a parent, a teacher, or just a concerned citizen, but I feel that it warrants a response.  I think the most important thing to remember is that we are talking about balance here.  I am not trying to argue that we throw away the pencils and paper… rather, I am arguing that we cannot ignore technology and media education.  We cannot continue to educate in the same way that we have done for so many years.  It isn’t responsible!  I want my children to know how to write things with pen and paper, but I also want them to understand how to responsibly use technology.  I want to avoid the “cut and paste” style of research, and encourage my children and my students to examine their sources, their bias, their authors, and to know how to properly document their research.  I want them to learn to think critically about information, rather than just memorize it and reproduce it.  I want them to learn HOW to learn, and how to use the resources that they have around them.

The reality is that our students are growing up in a different time, where they are surrounded by information wherever they are.  We need to take a different approach to education, and to how we are teaching our students to deal with this massive amount of information.  We don’t need to stuff more content into their heads… we need to help them access this information, and to navigate it responsibly.

Back to my old friend’s comments above… where he argues that there is something about learning physically with a pencil and paper.  It was actually this friend who sent me a link to a really interesting display of learning.  He thought this would be a good video to share with students to help them learn about the topic of stars… but I see it through a different lens!  What about the tremendous display of learning that these PhD students are showing us through the creation of this video animation?  They have learned so much, and they took a hands-on, creative way to share this learning with others.  This is what we need to recognize.  See: http://www.phdcomics.com/tv/#020

I guess we could look at this topic from the other side.  What happens to our students if we refuse to include media education in our schools?  My biggest worry is that they will be lost in a sea of information, and unable to sift through it or evaluate it.  They will never see technology as more than entertainment, and they will not be prepared for the world that we are living in, where technology is truly the pen and paper of our time.  Sure, I still use sticky notes, but most of my communication is done right here.  On this page.  With these hands.

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Balance

In the International Baccalaureate, one of the attributes of the learner profile that is taught to the students is to be BALANCED.  I was remembering the lyrics that my students wrote last year when I was teaching Music in Tanzania.  The verse about being balanced was clever:

“When you’re balanced, your brain works in different ways, learning Math, Science, Music and PE.  Fitness and intelligence go hand in hand and they help us to be all that we can be!” (See more on my MuseScore account)

Balance

I am coming out of a month of high stress, tremendous change, and not a lot of balance, I’m afraid.  I found myself thinking about this as I drove home from dropping the kids off at school.  It is so difficult to find balance at the moment.  I am working full time on the MET program this year, and have enrolled in three courses this semester.  Classes began the day after the children and I arrived at our new home in Switzerland, and I have been playing catch up since I arrived.

On top of this, my back is still not 100%, and I am meant to be focusing more on this while we are here in Switzerland, the land of great doctors.  I hardly have time to go for a walk, let alone find room in my world for a physiotherapist.

And so… it starts today.  My day of balance.  If I am going to be effective at any of the roles I have, I need to start with balance.  Deep breath…

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Equity in teaching

A colleague of mine started me thinking about equity in the teaching profession.  The conversation began with a discussion of timetables in various departments in our school and varying amounts of release time for planning, etc.  My colleague was quite distraught about what she perceived as a tremendous inequity amongst the staff in terms of contact time with students.  My lack of engagement with her frustration level seemed to only make her more agitated.  I managed to brush off the conversation and change the subject, but I was left with her question: “Why doesn’t this bother you?  It isn’t fair!”.

petulant_childIt isn’t fair.

I have spent some time unpacking this three word sentence today.  The number of times that I have heard my own children or students say this to me is impossible to count.  I was taken aback at the passion that my colleague displayed when asking this of me.  I hadn’t really thought about it, if I am honest with myself.  Why doesn’t it bother me, I wondered…

There is only one thing that I could come up with.  It’s not about the quantity of time we have in our classrooms; it’s about the quality.  I will acknowledge that there need to be some general guidelines for contracted teaching hours within schools, but these are decided by the administration in response to the needs of the community.  Within departments, however, the demands will vary.  As a teacher who has taught in many different situations over the past decade, I know the demands are different for every position in the school, and I can appreciate that they will always be different:

  • A classroom teacher has a heavy workload, with many different subjects to address, and a lot of different things to plan and grade.  Classroom teachers spend a lot of their free time grading assessment pieces on their own time, and this is never time that is clocked.  This is a very demanding position in the school.  Planning time needs to be there, especially in a school where integration across subjects and grade levels is encouraged, to allow for a variety of different groups to meet and plan.
  • Specialist teachers have a range of demands.  The amount of preparation and set-up/clean-up required in a visual arts classroom is overwhelming to even think about.  The high levels of noise and perceived chaos that music and dramatic arts teachers endure every day is enough to give most teachers a migraine at the mere thought of it.  The behind-the-scenes set up and organization required to work with students in a physical education capacity is exhausting, not the mention the extreme weather conditions that many of these teachers withstand day in and day out.  The level of engagement that is required of a special education teacher, to know the students they are working with and how to best support them in their learning, is mind-boggling to most of us.  The testing, and reporting, and communication with parents and professionals is never-ending.
  • Administrators have to think about the big picture, and about their vision for the school.  They need to have an idea of the strengths and weaknesses of their team, and know which skill areas need to be improved.  In addition to this, they are dealing with parents and their concerns, as well as the difficult disciplinary issues that arise within the school.  They are the go-to people for unanswered questions, with their doors on swinging hinges, never with a moment to gather their thoughts.

How can we possibly begin to compare and/or mandate equity in terms of hours, or contact time, or release time for all of these varied roles without our learning community?  Why would we even use up valuable time thinking about it?  I would argue that this is not something that we can standardize.  It is something that comes down to each department and its needs.  And in the end, it is about the teacher – and the quality of education that each of them have committed to providing for their students.  The number of hours that we, as teachers, spend on the internet researching topics, ideas, projects, etc. just because we want to… those are given of our own free will… not because they are clocked.

Let’s stop debating this.  Let’s appreciate each other for who we are, and what we do within our learning community.  I think we will find that it is time well spent.

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Dreaming of a new paradigm for education…

This week, I was asked to consider the questions: What might Education for the present look like, and how might we best support its proliferation in classrooms?  What kinds of designed spaces support collective intelligence and how might these be thought of as properly educational?

To answer these questions, I refer back to one of the leading academics in this area, and one who has been referred to by many in the course already – Sir Ken Robinson.  I find his thinking to be visionary, and his summary of education to be accurate and enlightening.

“The problem is they’re trying to meet the future by doing what they did in the past, and on the way they’re alienating millions of kids who don’t see any purpose in going to school.”  A degree doesn’t guarantee a job anymore, and the issue with education is that the “route to [a degree] marginalises most of the things [they] think are important about [themselves].” Taken from Changing Education Paradigms

In her forum on New Media in the Everyday Lives of Youth, Mimi Ito suggests that education needs to take on more of a shared role between people and institutions to guide youth and their participation in “a public life that includes social, recreational and civic engagement.”  Adults (parents and teachers) need to play more of a mentoring role, providing the structure and provision for this participation.  This would, indeed, allow for very high levels of engagement of students with their education.

Ken-Robinson
I am reminded of the alternative education systems that I looked at earlier in this course, and The Sudbury School system, where students were allowed to be in charge of their own learning, and the adults were acting as more of a “guide on the side”, rather than a “sage on the stage”.  I saw this as extreme, and a bit outside of the paradigm for education that was within my scope… now I don’t know if it is really that extreme.  Perhaps this is more in line with what these educators are saying – that we need to be embracing this new digital age, and giving our students the tools they need to navigate within it.

Robinson says that “our children are living in the most intensely stimulating period in the history of the earth.  They’re being besieged with information… from every platform… and we’re penalising them now, for being distracted.  From what?  Boring stuff!  At school, for the most part… We shouldn’t be putting them to sleep, we should be waking them up to what they have inside of themselves.”

He suggests that one of the ways to do this is to realize that collaboration and group learning is the “stuff of growth.” And that, “if we atomize people and separate them and judge them separately, we form a kind of disjunction between them and their natural learning environment.” This is very much in line with what dana boyd was saying in her presentation as part of Ito’s forum.  She stressed the importance of friendship, and its place at the centre of the social world of youth today.  If we embrace this, and allow our students to learn in a more social way, then I think we will see incredible things taking place in our schools.

The beauty of allowing this to happen online, is that it is easy, it is accessible, it is flexible, and synchronicity is not required.  Ito supports this idea as well, in her conclusion to the forum presentation, when she says reiterates that “the peer group [has become] a powerful drive for learning”.  If we can take the interest-driven tendancies of youth, and harness them towards learning that is meaningful for them, we can transform education in the way that Robinson says we need to, allowing learning to be an experience that is “one in which [their] senses are operating at their peak; when [they’re] present in the current moment; when [they’re] resonating with the excitement of this thing that [they’re] experiencing… when [they’re] fully alive.”

I am excited to be a part of this change, along with the rest of you.

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To tweet or not to tweet…

I have been thinking a great deal about the various social media trends that have developed in the past few years, and my involvement (or lack thereof) in them. My MET course this term has been about designing technology-supported media environments, and something that has been coming up a lot is the use of social media in the classroom.  Before diving into this idea further, a bit of self-reflection was needed.

As far as social media goes, I am an avid Facebook and Pinterest user, and I love to blog (no kidding). That being said, I knew there were gaps in my social media literacy, and so I set out to do something about it.  I decided to make a concentrated effort to explore more Twitter more thoroughly this month.  To the outsider, to “tweet” seems like a very silly thing to do, letting everyone know what you are up to at any given point in time.  This was my thought before I plunged into the twittersphere this month.  I decided to really give it some time, and see if I found it enjoyable, or useful, or even worth the time and effort I was putting into it.

I began by creating my profile, which was challenging, as I had to keep it to a certain character count and I am bit long-winded.  Then I looked for friends of mine with Twitter accounts, and was able to locate a few.  I browsed their sites and got a feel for what individuals were doing with their twitter pages; some were using them for recipes and activities, others for their professional communities, others for interests.  I decided that I would make my page a little bit of both, reflecting my multiple roles of teacher, student, mother, wife, techie geek, football enthusiast, environmentalist, Canadian patriot and baker extraordinaire.

I have been using it for only a few weeks now, and really for only a few days regularly, and these are my thoughts.  First, if used wisely, I think that Twitter can be an excellent tool for getting information out to a wide community of people in a fast, efficient way.  Second, it is a great hub of information for news feeds and professional communities, allowing me to check in with various sites with ease.  Third, I quite enjoyed the idea that anyone out there might be able to see what I was tweeting about and perhaps consider it to be as important as I myself was deeming it to be.  Finally, I found it quite addictive, and think that I have spent WAY too much time trying to follow everything as it is posted.  Overall though, I think that I will enjoy using this tweeting tool, and I look forward to exploring the possibilities that this tool holds for me as a classroom teacher or online instructor… I have a feeling that the possibilities are endless.

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Learning by doing

One of the things we are taught as teachers is that students learn best by doing something.  This is something that I think we can all agree on, despite all of the different approaches to teaching and learning that we have been exposed to in our practices.   It comes as no surprise then, that this Masters program is using the same approach.  I didn’t realize to what extent this approach to teaching can be so highly effective, though, until this week.

In our course on designing technology enhanced learning environments, we were asked to form groups and work together on a project.  We are being asked to create a project that demonstrates technology-supported educational design.  I was able to join a group with no difficulty, and we have been communicating via email about our ideas, working on a shared GoogleDoc, and sharing problems and concerns.  The biggest concern, at the beginning of this process, was that none of us really understood what was being asked of us.  We discussed it, looked at the readings and assignment description, and slowly but surely a shared understanding of what we were meant to do began to come out of the cloud of confusion.

collaboration

I paused yesterday, when one of our group members pointed out that we were actually working on our own technology-supported project as we were attempting to create the same thing for use in our classrooms.  I don’t now why it didn’t dawn on any of us sooner, but she is exactly right.  We are learning by doing… we are constructing knowledge together, as a community of learners, and using technology to support us as we do so.

Learning is such a beautiful process, and the understanding of the process brings clarity.

 

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Design of Technology-Supported Learning Environments

The time has arrived and I am back on track!  I began my Masters for the second time a couple of weeks ago, and I am once again filled with expectation.  I hope I don’t break my back or something stupid like that 😉

As I begin my first course (ETEC510) about the design of technology-supported learning environments, I have been asking myself what it is about technology and education that holds such a draw for me?  Is it the ease that it provides me, as an educator, with everything I need at my fingertips?  Is it the high level of engagement that I see in the students whenever technology is involved?  I think it is a combination of the two, and the enhancements that technology can bring to my teaching, no matter what subject or grade level I am working at.

We are being asked to design a project for the course, in a group of 4-5 people.  One of the ideas that has come up is to do something related to Arts Education and Technology.  I am excited to get going on this and have a few good ideas.  It seems that there are a lot of really keen minds in the group, and I am thoroughly engaged by the conversations that are going back and forth, although they are time consuming to keep up with at times.  The other project that we have to contribute to is a Wiki, where we will need to work with a partner on a contribution to a Wiki about Technology-supported learning environments.  I am thinking about seeing if anyone would like to write something up about iPads or about MuseScore software in the classroom.

I am pleased to see that the readings for this second module are about designing constructivist learning environments, which is something that I have had a lot of experience with through my years with the PYP and MYP programs.  The International Baccalaureate’s primary and middle years’ programs are built upon a constructivist foundation, and this is something I have had to explore in great depths in previous years with my work for the IB.  It is great to see this philosophy being placed front and centre here, and to be able to read the highly academic articles with a good level of understanding.

Some of the responses to readings so far have been highly academic.  I was initially worried that I would not be able to swim in this pond, having been out of school for so many years.  I have resolved myself to not worry too much about it.  I can say what I need to say without making it too complex or academic.  I think I proved this in the first round of discussions.  So… it is off to the races! So far so good.  Staying away from trampolines of all sizes for the time being. 🙂

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