Circuses can obtain elephants from
- Non-AZA (Association of Zoos & Aquariums)-accredited institutions,
- Members of other zoo associations, or
- Import elephants from range countries, either from wild populations or in the case of Asian elephants, from “semi-domesticated” herds
Opposition to Importation
The care of captive elephants in zoos and circuses are arguably inadequate due to
- Reduced longevity
- High mortality rates
- Chronic health problems, and
- Poor reproduction
Ethical Considerations for Captive Elephants
- If captive elephant populations are making significant contributions to conservation
- If the importation does not negatively impact wild populations
- If the individual animals involved are being recued from certain death or substandard conditions
- In the animals will receive excellent care in their new homes