In the previous ASTU classes, we tackle the subject of “culture of fear” based on the novel The Reluctant Fundamentalist by Mohsin Hamid.
We discussed the short and long term effect of terrorism attack on society. It is directly related to Obasan where we approach the issue of trauma and how it changes the social structures and relationship between and within different nations.
Undeniably, terrorist attacks calls into question the very base of human nature, the values in living as a community, individual identity, religious choices etc. Acts of violence such as the 9/11 attack on the United States has provoked a break between the continuity of the past and the reassuring daily life of people. Such action creates a sort of “social anxiety” and a feeling of constant insecurity because “anything can happen, at anytime, anyplace”. If we try to look at the bigger picture, the main goal of terrorist attack are not meant to cause big casualties but instead, to spread fear to separate communities, challenging the population to be rational and to bring attention to a certain group.
Citizens feel insecure about their security, which in consequence, make them feel the need to protect themselves. And in order to protect themselves, they must identify an enemy. It is hard to distinguish honest people from mass murder killers, which make people blame a whole community instead like the Muslims. This unjustified hatred toward a specific group can provoke its radicalization because of the mutual fear, anger, bitterness, feeling of humiliation etc. For instance when Changez realizes that Americans see him as an outsider, if not to say, a potential danger, his opinion toward the United States turns gradually toward hostility. This unfair isolation from the community affects deeply Changez as he starts to identify him more as a Pakistani than when he first arrived in New York. But in reality who is to blame ? I don’t think that there is a singular answer to this question. As said in class, the novel is full of assumptions, leaving space for different interpretations. I particularly appreciate the fact that even at the end of the book, the suspense still live on, which turn the focus of the reader toward social patterns in a post 9/11 world, where attitudes can shift because of cultural differences instead on trying to figure out on who is in the right or wrong.