{"id":788,"date":"2025-01-18T18:59:23","date_gmt":"2025-01-19T01:59:23","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/blogs.ubc.ca\/yiwang28\/?p=788"},"modified":"2026-08-17T18:32:43","modified_gmt":"2026-08-18T01:32:43","slug":"%e5%af%bb%e7%bb%8e-2%ef%bc%88%e8%af%bb%e5%90%8e%e6%84%9f%e6%9d%82%e6%80%9d%ef%bc%89%e4%b8%8d%e5%ae%9a%e6%97%b6%e6%9b%b4%e6%96%b0-reflections-and-miscellaneous-thoughts-after-reading-second-part","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/blogs.ubc.ca\/yiwang28\/2025\/01\/18\/%e5%af%bb%e7%bb%8e-2%ef%bc%88%e8%af%bb%e5%90%8e%e6%84%9f%e6%9d%82%e6%80%9d%ef%bc%89%e4%b8%8d%e5%ae%9a%e6%97%b6%e6%9b%b4%e6%96%b0-reflections-and-miscellaneous-thoughts-after-reading-second-part\/","title":{"rendered":"\u5bfb\u7ece 2\uff08\u8bfb\u540e\u611f\u6742\u601d\uff09\u4e0d\u5b9a\u65f6\u66f4\u65b0 Reflections and Miscellaneous Thoughts After Reading (Second Part)"},"content":{"rendered":"

2024.12.28 \u4f55\u4f1f\u300a\u6c5f\u57ce\u300bPeter Hessler\u2019s “River Town: Two Years on the Yangtze”<\/strong>: \u8bfb\u8fd9\u4e00\u672c\u4e66\uff0c\u5982\u540c\u9762\u5bf9\u955c\u5b50\u89c2\u5bdf\u81ea\u5df1\uff0c\u4e00\u5f00\u59cb\u662f\u6709\u70b9\u4f24\u81ea\u5c0a\u7684\uff0c\u56e0\u4e3a\u4f55\u4f1f\u5bf9\u5c0f\u53bf\u57ce\u7684\u4eba\u6027\u5fae\u5999\u8bc4\u4ef7\u5f97\u4e00\u9488\u89c1\u8840\u3002\u6bd4\u65b9\u8bf4\uff0c\u5c0f\u53bf\u57ce\u91cc\u7684\u4eba\u5bf9\u5916\u56fd\u4eba\u7684\u597d\u5947\u548c\u6297\u62d2\uff0c\u4ee5\u53ca\u9762\u5bf9\u5916\u56fd\u4eba\u5bf9\u5386\u53f2\u6216\u8005\u653f\u6cbb\u4e0a\u7684\u6279\u8bc4\u7684\u6c89\u9ed8\uff0c\u90fd\u4e0e\u6211\u5b66\u751f\u65f6\u4ee3\u7684\u8bb0\u5fc6\u9065\u76f8\u547c\u5e94\u3002\u4f55\u4f1f\u7b14\u4e0b\u90a3\u4f4e\u5782\u7684\u5934\u548c\u6c89\u9ed8\u4e0d\u8bed\u7684\u5b66\u751f\uff0c\u4e5f\u662f\u66fe\u7ecf\u7684\u6211\u3002\u6211\u770b\u5230\u8c46\u74e3\u4e0a\u6709\u4e9b\u8bfb\u8005\u8ba4\u4e3a\u4f55\u4f1f\u7684\u8bed\u8c03\u9ad8\u9ad8\u5728\u4e0a\uff0c\u751a\u81f3\u5199\u5f97\u6709\u4e9b\u5192\u72af\u3002\u4f46\u6211\u4e0d\u8fd9\u4e48\u8ba4\u4e3a\u3002\u6211\u8ba4\u4e3a\u4ed6\u5199\u5f97\u5341\u5206\u514b\u5236\uff0c\u800c\u4e14\u5341\u5206\u5199\u5b9e\uff0c\u628a\u4e2d\u56fd\u7684\u767e\u59d3\u7684\u590d\u6742\u7684\u5fc3\u7406\u5199\u5f97\u9762\u9762\u4ff1\u5230\u3002\u5982\u679c\u8bf4\u5728\u7b2c\u4e00\u90e8\u91cc\u8fd8\u80fd\u770b\u5230\u4ed6\u4e0e\u6daa\u9675\u7684\u9694\u9602\uff0c\u90a3\u4e48\u5728\u7b2c\u4e8c\u90e8\u91cc\u5c31\u80fd\u8bfb\u51fa\u4ed6\u5bf9\u8fd9\u4e2a\u5c0f\u5c0f\u6c5f\u57ce\u7684\u7406\u89e3\u548c\u559c\u7231\u3002\u9664\u4e86\u5199\u51fa\u4e86\u5c0f\u57ce\u5c45\u6c11\u7684\u6027\u60c5\u5916\uff0c\u4ed6\u8fd8\u63cf\u5199\u4e86\u4ed6\u53bb\u65b0\u7586\u7684\u89c1\u95fb\u548c\u4ed6\u5bf9\u4e2d\u56fd\u7537\u5973\u4e24\u6027\u5173\u7cfb\u7684\u7406\u89e3\uff0c\u90fd\u4ee4\u6211\u5370\u8c61\u6df1\u523b\u3002\u6211\u8ba4\u4e3a\u6bcf\u4e00\u4e2a\u4e2d\u56fd\u4eba\u90fd\u5e94\u8be5\u8bfb\u4e00\u8bfb\u8fd9\u672c\u4e66\uff0c\u770b\u770b\u4ece\u4e00\u4e2a\u5916\u56fd\u4eba\u7684\u89d2\u5ea6\uff0c\u662f\u5982\u4f55\u770b\u5f85\u6211\u4eec\u7684\u3002\u6211\u4eec\u63a5\u53d7\u7684\u610f\u8bc6\u5f62\u6001\u7684\u6559\u80b2\uff0c\u4e0d\u5e94\u8be5\u50f5\u5316\u6211\u4eec\u7684\u601d\u60f3\uff0c\u800c\u66f4\u5e94\u8be5\u9f13\u8db3\u52c7\u6c14\u6765\u63a5\u53d7\u522b\u4eba\u7684\u8bc4\u4ef7\u548c\u6539\u8fdb\u81ea\u5df1\u3002
\nReading this book feels like looking at myself in a mirror. At first, it\u2019s a bit humbling because Hessler\u2019s accurate observations about human nature in small Chinese towns hit close to home. For example, the mixture of curiosity and resistance toward foreigners, as well as the silence in response to the critiques of history or politics from foreigners, resonate deeply with my own memories from my old student days in China. The bowed heads and silent students Hessler describes were once a reflection of me.<\/p>\n

I\u2019ve noticed some readers on Douban (a Chinese version of Goodreads) feel that Hessler\u2019s tone is condescending or even offensive at times, but I disagree. I find his writing to be restrained, realistic, and remarkably thorough in capturing the complexities of the psychology of ordinary Chinese people. If there is a sense of distance in the first part of the book, the second part reveals his growing understanding and affection for the small riverside city he writes about. Beyond portraying the character of small-town residents, Hessler also shares his experiences in Xinjiang and his insights on gender dynamics in China, which impressed me a lot.<\/p>\n

I believe every Chinese person should read this book to see how we are perceived from a foreigner\u2019s perspective. The ideological education we receive since we were born should not rigidify our thinking but instead encourage us to face critiques with courage and strive for self-improvement.<\/p>\n

2025.07.16 \u798f\u5c71\u300a\u5386\u53f2\u7684\u7ec8\u7ed3\u53ca\u6700\u540e\u4e4b\u4eba\u300bFrancis Fukuyama’s “The End of History and the Last Man”<\/strong>: \u8fd9\u672c\u4e66\u8bed\u8a00\u5e76\u4e0d\u6666\u6da9\uff0c\u4f46\u662f\u8bfb\u5b8c\u82b1\u4e86\u6211\u5927\u534a\u5e74\u7684\u65f6\u95f4\u3002\u8001\u5b9e\u8bf4\uff0c\u6211\u66f4\u559c\u6b22\u6b64\u4e66\u7684\u524d\u3001\u4e2d\u90e8\u5206\uff0c\u89e3\u91ca\u4e3a\u4ec0\u4e48\u72ec\u88c1\u3001\u4e13\u5236\u4f53\u5236\u6700\u540e\u53ef\u80fd\u88ab\u6467\u6bc1\u7684\u539f\u56e0\uff0c\u81ea\u7531\u6c11\u4e3b\u7684\u4f18\u8d8a\u6027\uff0c\u8d44\u672c\u4e3b\u4e49\u4e0e\u81ea\u7531\u6c11\u4e3b\u7684\u76f8\u8f85\u76f8\u6210\u3001\u5386\u53f2\u7684\u6709\u65b9\u5411\u6027\u548c\u81ea\u7136\u79d1\u5b66\u7684\u5236\u7ea6\u673a\u5236\uff0c\u4ee5\u53ca\u4eba\u662f\u7531\u83b7\u5f97\u8ba4\u53ef\u7684\u6b32\u671b\u9a71\u52a8\u7684\u3002\u6211\u8ba4\u4e3a\u8fd9\u4e9b\u8bba\u8ff0\u90fd\u975e\u5e38\u6709\u8bf4\u670d\u529b\uff0c\u9762\u9762\u4ff1\u5230\uff0c\u4e14\u7531\u5927\u91cf\u4f8b\u5b50\u4ee5\u4fbf\u7406\u89e3\u3002\u4f46\u662f\u6211\u4e0d\u540c\u610f\u672c\u4e66\u7684\u6700\u540e\u90e8\u5206\u7684\u6211\u4eec\u73b0\u5728\u5904\u5728\u5386\u53f2\u7684\u5c3d\u5934\u7684\u8bba\u8ff0\u3002\u5982\u679c\u8bf4\u4eba\u662f\u4e3a\u4e86\u83b7\u5f97\u8ba4\u53ef\uff0c\u5e76\u8ffd\u6c42\u7684\u662f\u4f18\u8d8a\uff0c\u90a3\u4e48\u5c3d\u7ba1\u81ea\u7531\u6c11\u4e3b\u7684\u8d44\u672c\u4e3b\u4e49\u56fd\u5bb6\u63d0\u4f9b\u4e86\u8bb8\u591a\u6e20\u9053\u53bb\u8ba9\u4eba\u4eec\u5728\u5404\u4e2a\u65b9\u9762\u8ffd\u6c42\u4f18\u8d8a\uff0c\u4f7f\u5f97\u6b32\u671b\u8f6c\u53d8\u4e3a\u66f4\u7406\u6027\u7684\u5f62\u5f0f\uff0c\u4f46\u8fd9\u4e9b\u4f18\u8d8a\uff0c\u5c31\u50cf\u524d\u534a\u90e8\u5206\u8bba\u8bc1\u6c11\u65cf\u4e3b\u4e49\u65f6\u6240\u8bf4\u7684\uff0c\u4e0d\u662f\u5b8c\u5168\u7684\u8ba4\u53ef\u3002\u65e2\u7136\u6709\u4f18\u8d8a\uff0c\u5c31\u6709\u4e00\u90e8\u5206\u4eba\u662f\u201c\u4e3b\u4eba\u201d\uff0c\u53e6\u4e00\u90e8\u5206\u662f\u201c\u5974\u96b6\u201d\uff0c\u6c38\u8fdc\u6709\u4e0d\u5e73\u7b49\uff0c\u90a3\u4e48\u4fbf\u6ca1\u6709\u771f\u6b63\u7684\u201c\u666e\u904d\u7684\u8ba4\u53ef\u201d\uff0c\u4e5f\u4e0d\u4f1a\u6709\u5b9a\u4e49\u91cc\u7684\u201c\u6700\u540e\u4e4b\u4eba\u201d\uff0c\u90a3\u79cd\u5b89\u5168\u6709\u4fdd\u969c\u3001\u7269\u8d28\u5f88\u4e30\u88d5\uff0c\u5931\u53bb\u4e86\u52b3\u52a8\u548c\u6597\u9635\u5fc5\u8981\u7684\u4eba\u3002\u56e0\u6b64\uff0c\u5c31\u50cf\u798f\u5c71\u5f3a\u8c03\u7684\u90a3\u6837\uff0c\u81ea\u7531\u6c11\u4e3b\u5e76\u4e0d\u662f\u7a33\u5b9a\u7684\u3002<\/p>\n

\u5f53\u7136\uff0c\u798f\u5c71\u7684\u5b9a\u4e49\u91cc\uff0c\u5386\u53f2\u7684\u7ec8\u7ed3\u610f\u5473\u7740\u6ca1\u6709\u6218\u4e89\u548c\u8840\u8165\u7684\u9769\u547d\u3002\u8fd9\u4e2a\u5b9a\u4e49\u91cc\u4e0d\u5305\u62ec\u7ecf\u6d4e\u4e0a\u7684\u6218\u4e89\uff0c\u6bd4\u5982\u8d38\u6613\u6218\u4e4b\u7c7b\u7684\u3002\u6309\u7167\u8fd9\u4e2a\u5b9a\u4e49\uff0c\u4ed6\u8bf4\u5386\u53f2\u5df2\u7ecf\u7ec8\u7ed3\u4e5f\u53ef\u4ee5\u7406\u89e3\u3002\u4e0d\u540c\u4e8e\u798f\u5c71\u7684\u89c2\u70b9\uff0c\u6211\u8ba4\u4e3a\u7ecf\u6d4e\u5c42\u9762\u7684\u6218\u4e89\u4e5f\u53ef\u4ee5\u975e\u5e38\u8840\u8165\uff0c\u5e94\u8be5\u88ab\u5305\u62ec\u5728\u201c\u5386\u53f2\u7684\u7ec8\u70b9\u201d\u7684\u8bc4\u5224\u6807\u51c6\u91cc\u3002\u56e0\u6b64\u6211\u8ba4\u4e3a\u8bf4\u6211\u4eec\u4e2d\u7684\u90e8\u5206\u5df2\u7ecf\u8fbe\u5230\u5386\u53f2\u7684\u7ec8\u70b9\u7684\u8bf4\u6cd5\u6709\u4e9b\u4e3a\u65f6\u8fc7\u65e9\u3002\u5c31\u7b97\u6211\u63a5\u53d7\u798f\u5c71\u5173\u4e8e\u7ec8\u70b9\u7684\u5b9a\u4e49\uff0c\u6211\u8ba4\u4e3a\u5f88\u91cd\u8981\u7684\u5f3a\u8c03\u867d\u7136\u5386\u53f2\u6709\u65b9\u5411\u6027\uff0c\u4f46\u8fd9\u5e76\u4e0d\u4ee3\u8868\u5386\u53f2\u662f\u5355\u65b9\u5411\u7684\uff0c\u5b83\u53ef\u524d\u8fdb\u3001\u53ef\u5012\u9000\u3001\u53ef\u505c\u6ede\u3002\u6211\u60f3\uff0c\u8fd9\u4e5f\u662f\u798f\u5c71\u5728\u8fd9\u90e8\u4e66\u6700\u540e\u90e8\u5206\u6240\u60f3\u5f3a\u8c03\u7684\u3002<\/p>\n

This book is not obscure, but it still took me more than half a year to finish reading it. To be honest, I preferred the first and middle parts of the book, which explain why authoritarian and dictatorial regimes may eventually collapse, the superiority of liberal democracy, the complementary relationship between capitalism and liberal democracy, the directional nature of history and the constraining role of natural science, as well as the idea that humans are driven by the desire for recognition. I found these arguments highly persuasive, comprehensive, and supported by numerous examples that made them easy to understand.<\/p>\n

However, I disagree with the book\u2019s conclusion that we are now at the end of history. If humans are driven by the desire for recognition and seek superiority, then although capitalist liberal democracies offer many channels for individuals to pursue excellence in various aspects, e.g., transforming desire into more rational forms, this sense of superiority, as argued earlier in the discussion on nationalism, does not equate to full recognition. Where there is superiority, there will always be some who are “masters” and others who are “slaves,” which means inequality will persist. As a result, there can be no true “universal recognition” in every aspect of the society, nor will there ever be the so-called “last man” as defined (someone who is secure, materially abundant, and no longer needs to struggle or strive). Therefore, as Fukuyama himself emphasized, liberal democracy is not inherently stable.<\/p>\n

In Fukuyama\u2019s definition, the end of history means the absence of war and bloody revolution. This definition does not include economic conflicts, such as trade wars. From this perspective, it is understandable that he claims history has ended. However, unlike Fukuyama, I believe that economic wars can also be extremely brutal and should be included in the criteria for evaluating the “end of history.” Therefore, I think it is still too early to claim that some parts of the world have already reached the end of history. Even if I were to accept Fukuyama\u2019s definition of the end, I think it is important to emphasize that while history may have a direction, this does not mean it is unidirectional, because it can move forward, backward, or stagnate. I believe this is also what Fukuyama sought to emphasize in the final part of the book.<\/p>\n

2025.08.25 \u4f0a\u7433\u00b7\u5361\u8499 \/ \u838e\u5a1c\u00b7\u5361\u5c3c\u5179\u5c3c\u514b\u300a\u5f02\u89c1\u65f6\u523b\uff1a\u201c\u58f0\u540d\u72fc\u85c9\u201d\u7684\u91d1\u65af\u4f2f\u683c\u5927\u6cd5\u5b98\u300bNotorious RBG: The Life and Times of Ruth Bader Ginsburg by Shana Knizhnik and Irin Carmon<\/strong>: \u8bfb\u8fd9\u672c\u4e66\u4e4b\u524d\uff0c\u6211\u8bfb\u8fc7\u300a\u6210\u4e3a\u6ce2\u4f0f\u74e6\u300b\uff0c\u6240\u4ee5\u5f88\u81ea\u7136\u5730\u731c\u60f3\uff0c\u91d1\u65af\u4f2f\u683c\u5927\u6cd5\u5b98\u662f\u5426\u53c8\u662f\u4e00\u4f4d\u6ce2\u4f0f\u74e6\u3002\u8001\u5b9e\u8bf4\uff0c\u5979\u4eec\u6709\u5f88\u591a\u76f8\u4f3c\u7684\u5730\u65b9\uff0c\u6bd4\u65b9\u8bf4\u90fd\u662f\u5929\u8d44\u806a\u9896\uff0c\u5b66\u4e1a\u62d4\u5c16\uff0c\u9762\u5bb9\u59e3\u597d\uff0c\u5728\u7537\u6027\u7edf\u6cbb\u7684\u9886\u57df\u5360\u636e\u4e00\u5e2d\u4e4b\u5730\uff0c\u540c\u65f6\uff0c\u65f6\u65f6\u523b\u523b\u9762\u4e34\u5ffd\u7565\u3001\u5632\u7b11\u4ee5\u53ca\u6b67\u89c6\u3002\u4f46\u91d1\u65af\u4f2f\u683c\u5927\u6cd5\u5b98\u6050\u6015\u6bd4\u6ce2\u4f0f\u74e6\u66f4\u52a0\u5e78\u798f\uff0c\u9996\u5148\u5728\u751f\u6d3b\u65b9\u9762\uff0c\u5982\u679c\u8fd9\u672c\u4e66\u91cc\u5173\u4e8e\u91d1\u65af\u4f2f\u683c\u5927\u6cd5\u5b98\u7684\u4e08\u592b\u9a6c\u4e01\u7684\u4ecb\u7ecd\u90fd\u662f\u771f\u5b9e\u53ef\u9760\u7684\u8bdd\uff0c\u9a6c\u4e01\u5728\u7537\u5973\u5e73\u7b49\u548c\u5c0a\u91cd\u5973\u6027\u65b9\u9762\u6bd4\u8428\u7279\u4f18\u79c0\u592a\u591a\u4e86\uff1b\u5176\u6b21\u662f\u804c\u4e1a\u65b9\u9762\uff0c\u6210\u4e3a\u5927\u6cd5\u5b98\u7684\u9c81\u4e1d\u4e0d\u5fc5\u5bb3\u6015\u4ed7\u4e49\u6267\u8a00\u540e\u7684\u62a5\u590d\u6253\u51fb\u751a\u81f3\u662f\u5931\u53bb\u5de5\u4f5c\uff0c\u4e8e\u662f\u5979\u7684\u4eba\u751f\u66f4\u52a0\u5feb\u610f\u6069\u4ec7\uff0c\u6b63\u8272\u6562\u8a00\u3002\u8fd9\u4ee4\u6211\u611f\u6168\uff0c\u60f3\u8ba9\u5973\u6027\u771f\u6b63\u7ad9\u8d77\u6765\u8bf4\u8bdd\uff0c\u5408\u7406\u7684\u793e\u4f1a\u5236\u5ea6\u548c\u793e\u4f1a\u4fdd\u969c\u5fc5\u4e0d\u53ef\u5c11\uff0c\u6bd4\u8d77\u6ce2\u4f0f\u74e6\u7684\u65f6\u4ee3\uff0c\u793e\u4f1a\u6bd5\u7adf\u8fdb\u6b65\u4e86\u4e00\u70b9\u3002<\/p>\n

\u6b64\u5916\uff0c\u6211\u89c9\u5f97\u91d1\u65af\u4f2f\u683c\u5927\u6cd5\u5b98\u7684\u5973\u6027\u4e3b\u4e49\u601d\u60f3\u662f\u627f\u88ad\u4e86\u6ce2\u4f0f\u74e6\u5173\u4e8e\u5973\u4eba\u7684\u523b\u677f\u5370\u8c61\u662f\u793e\u4f1a\u7ed3\u6784\u5851\u9020\u7684\u6210\u679c\uff0c\u56e0\u6b64\uff0c\u5979\u79ef\u6781\u5730\u5728\u6253\u7834\u6cd5\u5f8b\u5bf9\u523b\u677f\u5370\u8c61\u7684\u5f3a\u5316\u3002\u91d1\u65af\u4f2f\u683c\u5927\u6cd5\u5b98\u7684\u6210\u529f\u7ed9\u6211\u7684\u542f\u793a\u662f\uff0c\u6211\u4eec\u5fc5\u987b\u79ef\u6781\u5730\u52aa\u529b\u5730\u63a8\u52a8\u6211\u4eec\u70ed\u7231\u7684\u4e8b\u4e1a\uff0c\u5e7f\u6cdb\u5efa\u7acb\u793e\u4f1a\u5f71\u54cd\uff0c\u5e76\u5584\u4e8e\u5ba1\u65f6\u5ea6\u52bf\uff0c\u6293\u4f4f\u673a\u4f1a\u3002\u5f53\u7136\uff0c\u9009\u62e9\u5408\u9002\u7684\u4eba\u751f\u4f34\u4fa3\u975e\u5e38\u91cd\u8981\uff0c\u4f46\u9057\u61be\u7684\u662f\u5e76\u975e\u6240\u6709\u4eba\u90fd\u6709\u5e78\u4f1a\u7275\u624b\u5bf9\u7684\u4eba\uff0c\u8fd9\u4e0d\u53ef\u5f3a\u6c42\uff0c\u56e0\u6b64\u6211\u4eec\u80fd\u505a\u7684\u9996\u5148\u662f\u83b7\u5f97\u7ecf\u6d4e\u4e0a\u7684\u81ea\u8db3\uff0c\u6210\u4e3a\u4e00\u4e2a\u72ec\u7acb\u3001\u81ea\u4e3b\u7684\u4e2a\u4f53\u3002<\/p>\n

Before reading this book, I had read “Becoming Beauvoir”, so it was natural for me to wonder whether RBG might also be a kind of Beauvoir. To be honest, they do share many similarities: both were gifted and outstanding in their studies, both had good appearances, and both carved out a place for themselves in male-dominated fields, while constantly facing neglect, ridicule, and discrimination. Yet RBG was perhaps more fortunate than Beauvoir. First, in her personal life, if the accounts of her husband Martin in this book are accurate and reliable, Martin far surpassed Sartre in terms of gender equality and respect for women. Second, in her career, RBG having become a Supreme Court Justice, did not have to fear retaliation or even the loss of her job for speaking out. This allowed her to live with a freer sense of justice and moral courage. It makes me reflect that for women to truly stand up and have a voice, sound social institutions and protections are necessary. Compared to Beauvoir\u2019s era, society has indeed made some progress.<\/p>\n

In addition, I feel that RBG\u2019s feminist thought inherited Beauvoir\u2019s insight that stereotypes about women are socially constructed. For this reason, she actively worked to dismantle the law\u2019s reinforcement of such stereotypes. The inspiration I draw from RBG\u2019s success is that we must pursue the careers we are passionate about with energy and persistence, build broad social influence, and be keenly aware of the times so as to seize opportunities. Of course, choosing the right life partner is of great importance. Unfortunately, not everyone is lucky enough to find the right person; it is not something that can be forced. What we can do, above all, is to achieve financial independence and become self-reliant individuals whose strength comes not only from external support but also from within.<\/p>\n

2025.10.11 \u674e\u73c9\u771f\u300a\u67cf\u9752\u54e5\u300bPachinko by Min Jin Lee<\/strong>:\u00a0\u4e00\u5f00\u59cb\uff0c\u6211\u4e00\u76f4\u5f88\u597d\u5947\u4e3a\u4ec0\u4e48\u4e66\u540d\u53eb\u67cf\u9752\u54e5\uff0c\u56e0\u4e3a\u67cf\u9752\u54e5\u662f\u4e00\u79cd\u8d4c\u535a\u6e38\u620f, \u800c\u7b2c\u4e00\u90e8\u3001\u7b2c\u4e8c\u90e8\u5e76\u6ca1\u600e\u4e48\u51fa\u73b0\u8fd9\u4e2a\u5173\u952e\u8bcd\u3002\u76f4\u5230\u8bfb\u5230\u7b2c\u56db\u4ee3\u6240\u7f57\u7684\u7ecf\u5386\u624d\u7406\u89e3\u4e86\u67cf\u9752\u54e5\u5728\u8fd9\u672c\u4e66\u91cc\u7684\u542b\u4e49\uff1a\u67cf\u9752\u54e5\u662f\u5728\u65e5\u97e9\u56fd\u4eba\uff0c\u5728\u6839\u6df1\u8482\u56fa\u7684\u65e5\u672c\u793e\u4f1a\u7684\u504f\u89c1\u4e0b\uff0c\u4e0d\u52a0\u5165\u9ed1\u5e2e\u4e4b\u5916\u7684\u552f\u4e00\u51fa\u8def\u3002\u65e0\u8bba\u662f\u806a\u660e\u5706\u6ed1\u7684\u543e\u6717\uff0c\u70ed\u60c5\u52e4\u52c9\u7684\u6469\u6492\uff0c\u806a\u660e\u6b63\u76f4\u7684\u8bfa\u4e9a\uff0c\u8fd8\u662f\u6700\u5e74\u8f7b\u4e00\u4ee3\u6709\u7740\u4f18\u79c0\u5b66\u5386\u7559\u5b66\u7f8e\u56fd\u5f52\u6765\u7684\u6240\u7f57\uff0c\u4ed6\u4eec\u6027\u683c\u80fd\u529b\u5404\u5f02\uff0c\u4f46\u5728\u4e66\u91cc\u65e5\u672c\u793e\u4f1a\u6839\u6df1\u8482\u56fa\u7684\u504f\u89c1\u4e4b\u4e0b\uff0c\u4ed6\u4eec\u53ea\u80fd\u9009\u62e9\u7ecf\u8425\u67cf\u9752\u54e5\u6e38\u620f\u5385\u3002\u65e0\u8bba\u4ed6\u4eec\u662f\u5426\u6b63\u76f4\u3001\u5bcc\u6709\uff0c\u4ed6\u4eec\u90fd\u65e0\u6cd5\u6210\u4e3a\u771f\u6b63\u7684\u65e5\u672c\u4eba\u3002\u5373\u4f7f\u4ed6\u4eec\u5728\u65e5\u672c\u51fa\u751f\u957f\u5927\uff0c\u65e5\u8bed\u662f\u4ed6\u4eec\u7684\u6bcd\u8bed\uff0c\u4ed6\u4eec\u4e5f\u65e0\u6cd5\u8df3\u8131\u8eab\u4e3a\u97e9\u56fd\u8840\u7edf\u6240\u627f\u53d7\u7684\u504f\u89c1\u4e0e\u6b67\u89c6\u3002\u6211\u4f5c\u4e3a\u540c\u6837\u5728\u5f02\u56fd\u4ed6\u4e61\u7684\u7b2c\u4e00\u4ee3\uff0c\u5341\u5206\u611f\u540c\u8eab\u53d7\u3002<\/p>\n

\u8fd9\u672c\u4e66\u6211\u662f\u4e2d\u82f1\u6587\u4e00\u8d77\u8bfb\u7684\uff0c\u867d\u7136\u5185\u5bb9\u4e00\u6837\uff0c \u4f46\u662f\u82f1\u6587\u7684\u7248\u672c\u7528\u8bcd\u7b80\u7ec3\u7cbe\u51c6\uff0c\u5bf9\u4e8e\u82f1\u6587\u5199\u4f5c\u5f88\u6709\u53c2\u8003\u4ef7\u503c\u3002\u5173\u4e8e\u6545\u4e8b\u7ed3\u6784\uff0c\u6211\u89c9\u5f97\u5f88\u9057\u61be\u7684\u4e00\u70b9\u662f\u4e66\u91cc\u7528\u66fe\u7956\u6bcd\u987a\u5b50\u7684\u4eba\u751f\u4e32\u8054\u4e86\u6574\u4e2a\u5bb6\u65cf\u5728\u65e5\u672c\u7684\u53d1\u5c55\uff0c\u4f46\u5176\u5b9e\u6211\u89c9\u5f97\u5173\u4e8e\u987a\u5b50\u7684\u63cf\u5199\u5176\u5b9e\u4e0d\u591f\u6df1\u523b\uff0c\u5176\u5b9e\u5979\u89c1\u8bc1\u4e86\u4e00\u5207\uff0c \u5305\u62ec\u97e9\u56fd\u3001\u65e5\u672c\u5386\u53f2\u653f\u6cbb\u53d8\u8fc1\u3001\u4e08\u592b\u88ab\u62d8\u79bb\u4e16\u3001\u513f\u5b50\u81ea\u6740\u3001\u6bcd\u4eb2\u75c5\u901d\u670b\u53cb\u56de\u671d\u9c9c\u540e\u6e3a\u65e0\u58f0\u606f\u7b49\uff0c\u4f46\u662f\u5979\u7684\u5fc3\u91cc\u63cf\u5199\u770b\u8d77\u6765\u53ea\u662f\u5173\u4e8e\u8bfa\u4e9a\u548c\u6469\u6492\uff0c\u9664\u6b64\u4e4b\u5916\u597d\u50cf\u4e00\u4e2a\u4eba\u673a\uff0c\u4ec0\u4e48\u5fc3\u7406\u6d3b\u52a8\u90fd\u6ca1\u6709\u3002\u672c\u4e66\u7684\u7ed3\u5c3e\u505c\u7559\u5728\u987a\u5b50\u53bb\u63a2\u671b\u4f0a\u8428\u7684\u5893\uff0c\u4e86\u89e3\u5230\u8bfa\u4e9a\u4e8e\u5bb6\u4eba\u65ad\u8054\u7684\u90a3\u51e0\u5e74\u4e00\u76f4\u90fd\u6709\u6765\u796d\u62dc\u4f0a\u8428\uff0c\u7136\u540e\u987a\u5b50\u5728\u4f0a\u8428\u7684\u5893\u91cc\u57cb\u4e0b\u4e86\u5979\u4e24\u4e2a\u513f\u5b50\u7684\u76f8\u7247\u622a\u7136\u4e3a\u6b62\u3002\u8fd9\u6837\u7684\u7ed3\u5c3e\u8ba9\u6211\u89c9\u5f97\u6545\u4e8b\u7ed3\u675f\u5f97\u8fc7\u4e8e\u5306\u5306\u3002<\/p>\n

\u8bfb\u8fd9\u672c\u4e66\u7684\u672c\u610f\u662f\u60f3\u4e86\u89e3\u97e9\u56fd\u6587\u5316\uff0c\u6ca1\u60f3\u5230\u8fd9\u672c\u4e66\u7740\u58a8\u66f4\u591a\u7684\u65e5\u672c\u793e\u4f1a\u7684\u504f\u89c1\u4e0e\u56fa\u6267\u3002\u4e00\u53e5\u8bdd\u603b\u7ed3\uff0c\u8fd9\u672c\u4e66\u8bb2\u7684\u662f\u97e9\u56fd\u4eba\u5728\u65e5\u672c\u7684\u82e6\u96be\u594b\u6597\u53f2\u3002<\/p>\n

At first, I kept wondering why the book was titled Pachinko, since pachinko is a gambling game and the term hardly appeared in the first two parts of the novel. It was not until I reached the story of the fourth generation, Solomon, that I finally understood its meaning. For Koreans living in Japan, pachinko represented the only path to survival outside the yakuza within a society deeply rooted in prejudice.<\/p>\n

Whether it was the shrewd and smooth Goro, the passionate and hardworking Mozasu, the intelligent and upright Noa, or the well-educated Solomon who studied in the United States, their personalities and abilities were very different, yet under Japan\u2019s rigid social bias, they all ended up running pachinko parlors. No matter how honest or wealthy they became, they could never be accepted as truly Japanese. Even though they were born and raised in Japan and spoke Japanese as their first language, they could never escape the discrimination tied to their Korean heritage. As a first-generation immigrant myself, I deeply resonated with their sense of alienation.<\/p>\n

I read both the Chinese and English versions of the novel. Although the content is the same, the English version impressed me with its concise and precise use of language, which I found very helpful for improving my English writing. One thing I found slightly disappointing is that while the novel uses the life of Sunja to connect the family\u2019s story across generations in Japan, her characterization felt somewhat shallow. She witnessed everything: the political shifts between Korea and Japan, her husband\u2019s arrest and death, her son\u2019s suicide, her mother\u2019s passing, and her family friend\u2019s disappearance after returning to North Korea. Yet her inner world seems focused almost entirely on her two sons, Noa and Mozasu. Beyond that, she appears almost mechanical, with little emotional depth revealed. In addition, the novel ends rather abruptly. Sunja visits Isak\u2019s grave and learns that during the years when Noa had cut ties with the family, he still came quietly to pay his respects. Sunja then buries the photographs of her two sons beside Isak\u2019s grave, and the story ends there. The conclusion felt too sudden to me, leaving little time for reflection or closure.<\/p>\n

I initially picked up Pachinko to learn more about Korean culture, but to my surprise, the novel focuses more on the prejudice and rigidity of Japanese society. In one sentence, this book is the story of Koreans in Japan, a history of their suffering, struggle, and perseverance across generations.<\/p>\n

2025.12.30 \u5927\u536b\u00b7\u683c\u96f7\u6069\u300a\u82b1\u6708\u6740\u624b\uff1a\u5965\u8272\u6cbb\u8c0b\u6740\u6848\u4e0e\u8054\u90a6\u8c03\u67e5\u5c40\u7684\u8bde\u751f\u300bKillers of the Flower Moon: The Osage Murders and the Birth of the FBI by David Grann<\/strong>: \u4e66\u91cc\u8bb2\u8ff0\u7684\u9488\u5bf9\u5965\u8272\u6cbb\u4eba\u7684\u72af\u7f6a\u4ee4\u4eba\u53d1\u6307\uff0c\u66f4\u53ef\u6c14\u7684\u662f\u5927\u90e8\u5206\u7684\u7f6a\u72af\u5e76\u672a\u83b7\u5f97\u5e94\u6709\u7684\u60e9\u7f5a\uff0c\u800c\u4e14\u6709\u5f88\u591a\u771f\u76f8\u90fd\u5df2\u88ab\u5386\u53f2\u63a9\u57cb\uff0c\u65e0\u6cd5\u8ffd\u7a76\u3002\u8fd9\u672c\u4e66\u7ed9\u6211\u7684\u542f\u793a\u662f\uff0c\u60f3\u8981\u7ef4\u62a4\u6b63\u4e49\u3001\u94f2\u5978\u9664\u6076\u7684\u8bdd\uff0c\u53f8\u6cd5\u4e0a\u5149\u6709\u7a0b\u5e8f\u6b63\u4e49\u662f\u8fdc\u8fdc\u4e0d\u591f\u7684\u3002\u5f53\u6574\u4e2a\u7cfb\u7edf\u4ece\u8bc1\u4eba\u3001\u966a\u5ba1\u56e2\u3001\u6cd5\u5b98\u90fd\u6c86\u7023\u4e00\u6c14\uff0c\u53f8\u6cd5\u662f\u6beb\u65e0\u516c\u6b63\u53ef\u8a00\u7684\u3002\u8fce\u63a5\u65b0\u5e74\u7684\u524d\u4e00\u5929\u770b\u5b8c\u8fd9\u672c\u4e66\uff0c\u611f\u89c9\u597d\u90c1\u95f7\u3002The crimes committed against the Osage people described in the book are truly horrifying. What is even more infuriating is that most of the perpetrators never received the punishment they deserved, and many truths have been buried by history, beyond any possibility of accountability. What this book made me realize is that if justice is to be upheld and evil truly confronted, procedural justice alone is far from enough. When an entire system, from witnesses to jurors to judges, is complicit, there can be no real justice at all. Finishing this book on the eve of the New Year left me feeling deeply unsettled and depressed.<\/p>\n

2026.04.30 \u9ec4\u4ec1\u5b87\u300a\u4e07\u5386\u5341\u4e94\u5e74\u300b1587, a Year of No Significance by Ray Huang:<\/strong> \u6211\u89c9\u5f97\u8fd9\u672c\u4e66\u5e94\u8be5\u4e0d\u7b97\u4e00\u672c\u4e25\u8c28\u7684\u5386\u53f2\u5b66\u672f\u8457\u4f5c\uff0c\u66f4\u50cf\u662f\u4e00\u672c\u5386\u53f2\u54f2\u5b66\u89c2\u7684\u9610\u8ff0\u3002\u4f5c\u8005\u5728\u8fd9\u672c\u4e66\u91cc\u63d0\u51fa\u4e86\u4e00\u4e2a\u5f88\u65b0\u9896\u7684\u89c2\u70b9\uff0c\u90a3\u5c31\u662f\u76f4\u63a5\u5f15\u53d1\u738b\u671d\u8986\u706d\u7684\u91cd\u5927\u4e8b\u4ef6\u5728\u5b83\u4eec\u53d1\u751f\u4e4b\u524d\u662f\u6709\u8ff9\u53ef\u5faa\uff0c\u800c\u8fd9\u4e9b\u8ff9\u8c61\u624d\u662f\u738b\u671d\u706d\u4ea1\u7684\u771f\u6b63\u5bfc\u706b\u7d22\u3002\u6bd4\u65b9\u8bf4\uff0c\u57281587\u5e74\u91cc\u5e76\u6ca1\u6709\u53d1\u751f\u4efb\u4f55\u5728\u4ee5\u5f80\u7684\u5386\u53f2\u5b66\u5bb6\u770b\u8d77\u6765\u5f88\u91cd\u5927\u7684\u4e8b\u4ef6\uff0c\u4e66\u91cc\u63cf\u5199\u4e86\u8fd9\u4e00\u5e74\u91cc\u90c1\u95f7\u6446\u70c2\u7684\u7687\u5e1d\u4e07\u5386\u3001\u4e2d\u5eb8\u7684\u9996\u8f85\u7533\u65f6\u884c\u3001\u6e05\u5ec9\u521a\u76f4\u7684\u6d77\u745e\u3001\u6709\u5c06\u624d\u4e5f\u6df1\u8c19\u4eba\u60c5\u4e16\u6545\u7684\u621a\u7ee7\u5149\u4ee5\u53ca\u7279\u7acb\u72ec\u884c\u7684\u674e\u8d3d\uff0c\u6bcf\u4eba\u90fd\u6309\u7167\u81ea\u5df1\u7684\u7406\u5ff5\u505a\u7740\u81ea\u5df1\u8ba4\u4e3a\u6709\u529f\u4e8e\u4e16\u7684\u4e8b\u60c5\u3002\u7136\u800c\uff0c\u65e0\u5948\u7684\u662f\uff0c\u6ca1\u6709\u4eba\u771f\u6b63\u89e3\u51b3\u56f0\u5883\uff0c\u89e3\u6551\u4e8e\u56fd\u5bb6\u4e8e\u6c34\u706b\u4e4b\u4e2d\uff0c\u56e0\u4e3a\u56fd\u5bb6\u8870\u8d25\u7684\u6700\u7ec8\u539f\u56e0\u5728\u4e8e\u653f\u6cbb\u7ecf\u6d4e\u6cd5\u5236\u5236\u5ea6\u7684\u843d\u540e\uff0c\u6bd4\u65b9\u8bf4\u5f53\u65f6\u6df7\u4e71\u4f4e\u6548\u7684\u7a0e\u5236\uff0c\u548c\u6587\u5b98\u96c6\u56e2\u4e3b\u5bfc\u4e0b\u7684\u4ee5\u9053\u5fb7\u4ee3\u66ff\u6cd5\u5236\u7684\u65bd\u653f\u7406\u5ff5\u3002\u4e2a\u4eba\u7684\u5931\u8d25\u56fa\u7136\u662f\u4e0d\u5e78\u7684\uff0c\u4f46\u5728\u8fd9\u672c\u4e66\u91cc\u6211\u611f\u53d7\u5230\u4e86\u66f4\u5927\u7684\u60b2\u54c0\uff0c\u6bcf\u4e00\u884c\u7b80\u7b80\u5355\u5355\u7684\u5b57\u53e5\u80cc\u540e\uff0c\u90fd\u662f\u5f53\u65f6\u843d\u540e\u5236\u5ea6\u4e0b\u7684\u997f\u6b8d\u904d\u91ce\u3001\u6c11\u4e0d\u804a\u751f\u3002<\/p>\n

\u53e6\u5916\u8bf4\u8bf4\u6211\u7684\u4e00\u4e9b\u201c\u5c0f\u5c40\u89c2\u201d\u3002\u4f46\u6211\u5bf9\u5176\u4e2d\u7684\u4e24\u4e2a\u4eba\u7684\u6545\u4e8b\u6709\u4e9b\u201c\u5947\u602a\u201d\u7684\u611f\u540c\u8eab\u53d7\u3002\u7b2c\u4e00\u4e2a\u662f\u4e07\u5386\u7687\u5e1d\u3002\u6211\u89c9\u5f97\u6587\u5b98\u5bf9\u4ed6\u7684\u529d\u5bfc\u4e5f\u597d\uff0c\u903c\u8feb\u4e5f\u7f62\uff0c\u7279\u522b\u50cf\u73b0\u5728\u6211\u4eec\u6240\u8c13\u7684\u201c\u4e1c\u4e9a\u5bb6\u957f\u201d\u3002\u56e0\u4e3a\u4ed6\u5750\u5728\u4e86\u90a3\u4e2a\u4f4d\u7f6e\u4e0a\uff0c\u6240\u4ee5\u65e0\u6cd5\u81ea\u7531\u53d1\u5c55\u4e2a\u6027\uff0c\u6587\u5b98\u6309\u7167\u4ed6\u4eec\u7406\u60f3\u7684\u7687\u5e1d\u6a21\u6837\u53bb\u7ea6\u675f\u4ed6\u548c\u5851\u9020\u4ed6\uff0c\u7ed3\u679c\u53ea\u80fd\u5f15\u8d77\u4ed6\u7684\u62b5\u89e6\u548c\u6446\u70c2\u3002\u53e6\u4e00\u4e2a\u662f\u4e3a\u4e86\u548c\u5bb6\u5ead\u65ad\u5f80\u6765\u800c\u843d\u53d1\u4e3a\u50e7\u7684\u674e\u8d3d\u3002\u957f\u4e45\u4ee5\u6765\u7684\u4e2d\u56fd\uff0c\u4e00\u4e2a\u5b66\u5b50\u7684\u6210\u529f\u90fd\u79bb\u4e0d\u5f00\u5bb6\u5ead\u51e0\u4ee3\u4eba\u7684\u6258\u4e3e\uff0c\u56e0\u6b64\u8fd9\u4e2a\u4eba\u4e00\u65e6\u6210\u529f\u540e\uff0c\u8981\u5bf9\u5bb6\u65cf\u8d1f\u8d77\u8d23\u4efb\u3002\u8fd9\u662f\u4e00\u4e2a\u5fc3\u7167\u4e0d\u5ba3\u7684\u89c4\u5219\u3002\u674e\u8d3d\u4f5c\u4e3a\u4e00\u4e2a\u7279\u7acb\u72ec\u884c\u7684\u601d\u60f3\u5bb6\uff0c\u4e0d\u613f\u88ab\u5bb6\u65cf\u675f\u7f1a\u3002\u4e0d\u8bba\u662f\u975e\uff0c\u6211\u80fd\u7406\u89e3\u4ed6\u7684\u9009\u62e9\uff0c\u56e0\u4e3a\u6211\u7684\u7559\u5b66\u673a\u4f1a\u53c8\u4f55\u5c1d\u4e0d\u662f\u5bb6\u5ead\u6258\u4e3e\u800c\u6765\uff0c\u5c24\u5176\u662f\u7ecf\u6d4e\u65b9\u9762\u7684\u652f\u6301\u3002\u6211\u7684\u82e6\u607c\u662f\uff0c\u5f53\u81ea\u6211\u7684\u9009\u62e9\u7684\u4eba\u751f\u548c\u5bb6\u65cf\u7684\u671f\u8bb8\u4e0d\u4e00\u81f4\u65f6\uff0c\u5982\u4f55\u624d\u80fd\u4e24\u5168\u5176\u7f8e\uff1f\u53c8\u6216\u8005\uff0c\u9c7c\u548c\u718a\u638c\u4e0d\u53ef\u517c\u5f97?<\/p>\n

I don\u2019t think this book should really be considered a rigorous academic work of history. It feels more like an exploration of a philosophy of history. In the book, the author presents a very original idea: the major events that directly lead to the fall of a dynasty often leave traces long before they actually happen, and those underlying signs are the true causes of the dynasty\u2019s collapse.<\/p>\n

For example, in 1587, there were no major events that previous historians would have regarded as historically significant. The book portrays the depressed and passive emperor (Emperor Wanli), the Grand Secretary (Shen Shixing) who is a master of balancing art, the upright and incorruptible official (Hai Rui), the talented yet socially astute general (Qi Jiguang), and the unconventional thinker (Li Zhi). Each of them acted according to their own ideals and believed they were contributing to society in meaningful ways. Yet sadly, none of them truly solved the crisis or rescued the country from decline. That was because the ultimate causes of the dynasty\u2019s decay lay in the backwardness of its political, economic, and legal systems, such as the chaotic and inefficient tax structure and the governing philosophy of the scholar-official class, which relied on morality in place of rule of law. An individual\u2019s failure is certainly unfortunate, but in this book I sensed an even greater tragedy: behind every simple line of text lay the widespread famine and unbearable suffering of ordinary people living under a backward system.<\/p>\n

I also want to share some thoughts I found myself relating, in a somewhat strange way, to the stories of two of the figures in the book. The first is the Emperor. Wanli The way the scholar-officials lectured, pressured, and tried to discipline him felt very much like what we would now call \u201cEast Asian parenting.\u201d Because he occupied the throne, he was never allowed to freely develop his own personality. The officials tried to constrain and shape him according to their ideal image of what an emperor should be, and in the end, all it did was provoke resistance and apathy in him.<\/p>\n

The second is the philosopher, Li Zhi, who became a monk in order to sever ties with his family. In traditional Chinese society, a scholar\u2019s success was rarely achieved without the sacrifices and support of several generations of the family. Therefore, once that person became successful, it was implicitly understood that they owed responsibility to the family in return. Li Zhi, as an unconventional thinker, did not want to be bound by those obligations. Regardless of whether his choice was right or wrong, I can understand it, because my own opportunity to study abroad was also made possible by my family\u2019s support, especially financially. My struggle is this: when the life one chooses for oneself does not align with the expectations of one\u2019s family, how can both sides be fulfilled? Or perhaps, as the saying goes, one cannot have both the fish and the bear\u2019s paw?<\/p>\n

2026.08.17 \u8bb8\u6587\u7ee7\u3001\u9648\u65f6\u9f99\u300a\u6b63\u8bf4\u660e\u671d\u5341\u516d\u5e1d\u300b True Story of the Sixteen Emperors of the Ming Dynasty by Xu Wenji & Chen Shilong:<\/strong> \u7531\u4e8e\u300a\u4e07\u5386\u5341\u4e94\u5e74\u300b\u5199\u5f97\u592a\u6709\u610f\u601d\u4e86\uff0c\u6211\u5f00\u59cb\u5bf9\u660e\u671d\u7684\u5386\u53f2\u611f\u5174\u8da3\uff0c\u60f3\u7cfb\u7edf\u6027\u5730\u4e86\u89e3\u660e\u671d\u3002\u9009\u8fd9\u672c\u4e66\u7684\u539f\u56e0\u662f\u660e\u671d\u7684\u5f88\u591a\u7687\u5e1d\u6781\u5177\u4e2a\u6027\uff0c\u4e86\u89e3\u4ed6\u4eec\u7684\u4e00\u751f\u5c31\u5982\u89c1\u5fae\u77e5\u8457\uff0c\u80fd\u900f\u8fc7\u4ed6\u4eec\u4e86\u89e3\u660e\u671d\u7684\u4f17\u751f\u767e\u6001\uff0c\u4e14\u672c\u4e66\u57fa\u4e8e\u7684\u53f2\u6599\u8fd8\u662f\u6bd4\u8f83\u8003\u7a76\u7684\uff0c\u80fd\u907f\u514d\u518d\u8fd8\u4e0d\u4e86\u89e3\u53f2\u5b9e\u7684\u60c5\u51b5\u4e0b\u8bef\u89e3\u6216\u8005\u88ab\u4f5c\u8005\u7684\u4e2a\u4eba\u559c\u597d\u5e26\u504f\u3002\u8bfb\u5b8c\u540e\u6211\u6700\u5927\u7684\u611f\u89e6\u662f\u660e\u671d\u7684\u7687\u5e1d\u4eec\u5728\u6cbb\u56fd\u4e0a\u7684\u4e00\u4e2a\u6700\u81f4\u547d\u7684\u95ee\u9898\uff0c\u5c31\u662f\u8ba4\u4e3a\u666e\u5929\u4e4b\u4e0b\uff0c\u83ab\u975e\u738b\u571f\u3002\u9664\u4e86\u5c11\u6570\u656c\u4e1a\u7231\u6c11\u7684\u7687\u5e1d\u5916\uff0c\u5927\u591a\u6570\u90fd\u8d2a\u6b22\u9010\u4e50\uff0c\u9a84\u5962\u6deb\u6cc6\uff0c\u521a\u610e\u81ea\u7528\uff0c\u552f\u6211\u72ec\u5c0a\uff0c\u5f53\u7136\uff0c\u660e\u671d\u8d70\u5411\u5d29\u574f\u7684\u6700\u5927\u95ee\u9898\u662f\u5236\u5ea6\uff0c\u9526\u8863\u536b\u3001\u897f\u5382\u548c\u4e1c\u5382\u7834\u574f\u4e86\u53f8\u6cd5\u548c\u68c0\u5bdf\u5236\u5ea6\uff0c\u7687\u5e84\u7834\u574f\u4e86\u7ecf\u6d4e\u5236\u5ea6\uff0c\u4f20\u5949\u5b98\u5219\u7834\u574f\u4e86\u5b66\u800c\u4f18\u5219\u4ed5\u7684\u5112\u5bb6\u6cbb\u56fd\u7406\u5ff5\u3002\u6b64\u5916\uff0c\u6211\u5f88\u597d\u5947\u660e\u671d\u7b97\u4e0d\u7b97\u662f\u5112\u5b66\u53d1\u5c55\u5230\u50f5\u5316\u7684\u4f53\u73b0\uff1f\u6bd4\u5982\u5609\u9756\u521d\u671f\u7684\u5927\u793c\u4eea\u4e8b\u4ef6\u3002\u6211\u4e07\u4e07\u6ca1\u60f3\u5230\u8ba8\u8bba\u201c\u8c01\u662f\u6211\u7239\u201d\u7684\u4e8b\u80fd\u6210\u4e3a\u5f71\u54cd\u671d\u653f\u65f6\u5c40\u7684\u5927\u4e8b…\u603b\u4e4b\uff0c\u660e\u671d\u7684\u5386\u53f2\u771f\u6709\u8da3\u3002<\/p>\n

I became interested in Ming history after reading 1587, A Year of No Significance,<\/em> which was so fascinating that it made me want to learn about the Ming dynasty more systematically. I chose this book because many Ming emperors had remarkably distinctive personalities. Learning about their lives offers a window into the broader society of the Ming dynasty. The book is also based on relatively rigorous historical sources, which helped me avoid forming misconceptions before I had a solid understanding of the historical facts, or being overly influenced by an author’s personal perspective.<\/p>\n

My strongest impression after finishing the book is that one of the most fatal problems with the Ming emperors’ approach to governing was their belief that, as the saying goes, “all under Heaven is the sovereign’s land.” Apart from a few diligent emperors who genuinely cared about their people, many indulged in pleasure and luxury, acted arbitrarily, and regarded their own authority as absolute.<\/p>\n

Of course, the deeper problem behind the decline of the Ming dynasty lay in its institutions. The Embroidered Uniform Guard (Jinyiwei), the Western Depot, and the Eastern Depot undermined the judicial and supervisory systems. Imperial estates damaged the economic system, while the practice of appointing officials directly by imperial command weakened the Confucian ideal that government positions should be earned through learning and merit.<\/p>\n

I am also curious whether the Ming dynasty could, in some sense, be seen as an example of Confucianism becoming increasingly rigid and institutionalized. The Great Rites Controversy in the early Jiajing reign is a particularly interesting example. I never imagined that a debate that essentially came down to “Who is my father?” could become a major political controversy with such a profound impact on the imperial court and the politics of the time…<\/p>\n

In any case, Ming history is truly fascinating.<\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"

2024.12.28 \u4f55\u4f1f\u300a\u6c5f\u57ce\u300bPeter Hessler\u2019s “River Town: Two Years on the Yangtze”: \u8bfb\u8fd9\u4e00\u672c\u4e66\uff0c\u5982\u540c\u9762\u5bf9\u955c\u5b50\u89c2\u5bdf\u81ea\u5df1\uff0c\u4e00\u5f00\u59cb\u662f\u6709\u70b9\u4f24\u81ea\u5c0a\u7684\uff0c\u56e0\u4e3a\u4f55\u4f1f\u5bf9\u5c0f\u53bf\u57ce\u7684\u4eba\u6027\u5fae\u5999\u8bc4\u4ef7\u5f97\u4e00\u9488\u89c1\u8840\u3002\u6bd4\u65b9\u8bf4\uff0c\u5c0f\u53bf\u57ce\u91cc\u7684\u4eba\u5bf9\u5916\u56fd\u4eba\u7684\u597d\u5947\u548c\u6297\u62d2\uff0c\u4ee5\u53ca\u9762\u5bf9\u5916\u56fd\u4eba\u5bf9\u5386\u53f2\u6216\u8005\u653f\u6cbb\u4e0a\u7684\u6279\u8bc4\u7684\u6c89\u9ed8\uff0c\u90fd\u4e0e\u6211\u5b66\u751f\u65f6\u4ee3\u7684\u8bb0\u5fc6\u9065\u76f8\u547c\u5e94\u3002\u4f55\u4f1f\u7b14\u4e0b\u90a3\u4f4e\u5782\u7684\u5934\u548c\u6c89\u9ed8\u4e0d\u8bed\u7684\u5b66\u751f\uff0c\u4e5f\u662f\u66fe\u7ecf\u7684\u6211\u3002\u6211\u770b\u5230\u8c46\u74e3\u4e0a\u6709\u4e9b\u8bfb\u8005\u8ba4\u4e3a\u4f55\u4f1f\u7684\u8bed\u8c03\u9ad8\u9ad8\u5728\u4e0a\uff0c\u751a\u81f3\u5199\u5f97\u6709\u4e9b\u5192\u72af\u3002\u4f46\u6211\u4e0d\u8fd9\u4e48\u8ba4\u4e3a\u3002\u6211\u8ba4\u4e3a\u4ed6\u5199\u5f97\u5341\u5206\u514b\u5236\uff0c\u800c\u4e14\u5341\u5206\u5199\u5b9e\uff0c\u628a\u4e2d\u56fd\u7684\u767e\u59d3\u7684\u590d\u6742\u7684\u5fc3\u7406\u5199\u5f97\u9762\u9762\u4ff1\u5230\u3002\u5982\u679c\u8bf4\u5728\u7b2c\u4e00\u90e8\u91cc\u8fd8\u80fd\u770b\u5230\u4ed6\u4e0e\u6daa\u9675\u7684\u9694\u9602\uff0c\u90a3\u4e48\u5728\u7b2c\u4e8c\u90e8\u91cc\u5c31\u80fd\u8bfb\u51fa\u4ed6\u5bf9\u8fd9\u4e2a\u5c0f\u5c0f\u6c5f\u57ce\u7684\u7406\u89e3\u548c\u559c\u7231\u3002\u9664\u4e86\u5199\u51fa\u4e86\u5c0f\u57ce\u5c45\u6c11\u7684\u6027\u60c5\u5916\uff0c\u4ed6\u8fd8\u63cf\u5199\u4e86\u4ed6\u53bb\u65b0\u7586\u7684\u89c1\u95fb\u548c\u4ed6\u5bf9\u4e2d\u56fd\u7537\u5973\u4e24\u6027\u5173\u7cfb\u7684\u7406\u89e3\uff0c\u90fd\u4ee4\u6211\u5370\u8c61\u6df1\u523b\u3002\u6211\u8ba4\u4e3a\u6bcf\u4e00\u4e2a\u4e2d\u56fd\u4eba\u90fd\u5e94\u8be5\u8bfb\u4e00\u8bfb\u8fd9\u672c\u4e66\uff0c\u770b\u770b\u4ece\u4e00\u4e2a\u5916\u56fd\u4eba\u7684\u89d2\u5ea6\uff0c\u662f\u5982\u4f55\u770b\u5f85\u6211\u4eec\u7684\u3002\u6211\u4eec\u63a5\u53d7\u7684\u610f\u8bc6\u5f62\u6001\u7684\u6559\u80b2\uff0c\u4e0d\u5e94\u8be5\u50f5\u5316\u6211\u4eec\u7684\u601d\u60f3\uff0c\u800c\u66f4\u5e94\u8be5\u9f13\u8db3\u52c7\u6c14\u6765\u63a5\u53d7\u522b\u4eba\u7684\u8bc4\u4ef7\u548c\u6539\u8fdb\u81ea\u5df1\u3002 Reading this book feels like looking at myself in a mirror. At first, it\u2019s a bit humbling because Hessler\u2019s accurate observations about human nature in small Chinese towns hit close to home. For example, the mixture of curiosity and resistance toward foreigners, as well … Continue reading \u5bfb\u7ece 2\uff08\u8bfb\u540e\u611f\u6742\u601d\uff09\u4e0d\u5b9a\u65f6\u66f4\u65b0 Reflections and Miscellaneous Thoughts After Reading (Second Part)<\/span> →<\/span><\/a><\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":40393,"featured_media":0,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"footnotes":""},"categories":[67],"tags":[],"class_list":["post-788","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","hentry","category-blogs"],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/blogs.ubc.ca\/yiwang28\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/788","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/blogs.ubc.ca\/yiwang28\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/blogs.ubc.ca\/yiwang28\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/blogs.ubc.ca\/yiwang28\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/40393"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/blogs.ubc.ca\/yiwang28\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=788"}],"version-history":[{"count":11,"href":"https:\/\/blogs.ubc.ca\/yiwang28\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/788\/revisions"}],"predecessor-version":[{"id":813,"href":"https:\/\/blogs.ubc.ca\/yiwang28\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/788\/revisions\/813"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/blogs.ubc.ca\/yiwang28\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=788"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/blogs.ubc.ca\/yiwang28\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/categories?post=788"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/blogs.ubc.ca\/yiwang28\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/tags?post=788"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}