FASHION-able: Perspectives on Adaptive Clothing Among Healthcare Professionals Who Work with Individuals with SCI
Julia Kwan & Bethany Wat | Dr. Susan Forwell, Andrei Krassioukov
Room 1001 (LSC 1) | 9:40 – 10:00 AM
Introduction: Clothing and fashion play a pivotal role in personal identity, self-expression, and social integration. For individuals with spinal cord injuries (SCI), traditional clothing often fails to accommodate their unique physical needs, posing challenges for dressing and neglecting aesthetic preferences. Understanding the specific clothing needs and preferences of individuals with SCI is essential for developing effective solutions that promote independence and improve overall well-being.
Objectives: The objectives of this study are to a) explore the perspectives and experiences of health care providers (HCPs) regarding challenges and barriers for their patients with SCI related to clothing and fashion, and b) gather insight into their commonly used clothing adaptations, hacks, or practices to inform the development of an adaptive clothing guide (FashionABLE).
Methods: A sequential mixed-methods design was used to gather both quantitative and qualitative data on healthcare professionals’ perspectives on fashion and adaptive clothing for individuals with spinal cord injuries (SCI). Participants completed an online survey and participated in in-depth, semi-structured interviews. Statistical analysis was performed on the survey data, while content analysis was used to interpret the interview data.
Results: A survey of 22 healthcare professionals (HCPs) working with individuals with spinal cord injuries (SCI) found that the top priorities for adaptive clothing were ease of bowel and bladder management (92%), comfort and body movement (80%), and aesthetics and style (86%). Only 58% were satisfied with their ability to meet clients’ clothing and dressing needs, and over 80% were dissatisfied with available resources. Qualitative interviews revealed four main themes: Fashion and Identity, Features of Adaptive Clothing, Temporality, and Role of HCPs. These themes are informed by the perspectives and experiences of HCPs in their work with individuals of SCI.
Conclusions: By gathering insights from HCPs working with individuals with SCI, this data highlights the necessity for a comprehensive resource aimed at equipping SCI patients with information on clothing, adaptations, life hacks, and additional resources. Such a resource aims to empower individuals with SCI, supporting their self-expression, personal identity, and overall quality of life.
Experiences of participating in occupational therapy sessions with an accredited facility support dog
Claire Peachey & Lianna Walker |Dr. Jill Zwicker, Dr. Elisha Williams, Caitlyn DeBruyne
Room 1003 (LSC 3) | 9:40 – 10:00 AM
Introduction: Emerging research indicates that support animals may improve an individual’s emotional response, motivation for therapeutic sessions, and overall engagement with a therapist. However, few studies explore the role of an accredited facility support dog and engagement in occupational therapy sessions.
Objectives: To explore the experiences and engagement of individuals receiving occupational therapy services in the presence of an accredited facility support dog.
Methods: Participants (or their proxy) of all ages and any diagnosis were recruited to reflect the broad clientele characteristic of rural and remote private practice in northern British Columbia. A qualitative semi-structured virtual interview was conducted with a client who accessed occupational therapy services in the presence of an accredited facility support dog. Data was analyzed through a phenomenological lens to examine various client engagement factors including attendance, participation, motivation, communication, emotional regulation, and body language.
Results: The participant strongly indicated that the accredited facility support dog increased engagement in occupational therapy sessions through means of creating a comforting environment, acting as a positive distraction, and facilitating vulnerability with the therapist.
Conclusions: Increased use of accredited facility support dogs in occupational therapy practice may improve clients’ experience and engagement in sessions.
Guidelines for an Occupational Therapy climate action toolkit
Navkiran Aujla & Nikki LeClair | Dr. Ben Mortenson, Giovanna Boniface, Jeff Boniface, Alex Bird, Joy Du
Room 1410 | 9:40 – 10:00 AM
Introduction: The earth is rapidly warming at an unprecedented rate, which has led to an increase in extreme climate conditions. These changes disproportionately threaten marginalized, climate-vulnerable populations. In addition, these extreme conditions cause an increase in incidence of climate-related illnesses, which further strains healthcare systems. To reduce the carbon emissions and waste the healthcare system produces, best practice guidelines for climate action are needed. Unfortunately, there is limited research exploring ways Occupational therapists (OTs) can implement climate action in their practice.
Objectives: The purpose of this study is to explore solutions for barriers OTs experience when implementing environmentally informed practices and what OTs desire in a practice-specific climate action toolkit.
Methods: Ten OTs who have an interest in environmental sustainability and have made efforts to implement climate action in their practice were recruited to participate in a semi-structured interview. We interviewed occupational therapists from a diverse range of practice contexts and global geographical locations for maximum theoretical variation. This qualitative study used interpretive description (Thorne et al., 2016) to identify relevant criteria to consider when creating a climate action toolkit for OTs.
Results: Participants shared their experience of climate action in practice, suggested personal and organizational solutions to address climate action barriers, highlighted their desires for what a climate toolkit provides, and envisioned what a climate friendly future would look like.
Conclusion: The results of this study provides guiding principles to create a climate action toolkit, future studies would benefit from exploring the probability and practicality of applying these findings.
‘I will eat the whole world’: Migration informing food-related occupations
Katie Pagdin & Georgia Carswell | Dr. Suzanne Huot, Anne-Cécile Delaisse
Room 1416 | 9:40 – 10:00 AM
Introduction: In the context of migration and globalization, migrants’ food-related activities (FROs), such as cooking, eating, ingredient sourcing, meal sharing, and traditional celebrations, are influenced by multiple culinary domains. FROs reflect intersections of identity, physical and social environments, culture, and traditions and can be instrumental in strengthening cultural identity, sense of belonging, and community.
Objectives: to explore how migration across countries shapes FROs for Vietnamese migrants and how chosen FROs reflect past and current mobilities.
Methods: A secondary analysis was conducted with qualitative data from 15 recent Vietnamese migrants in Metro Vancouver and seven returnees to Vietnam from Canada. Data collection consisted of initial semi-structured in-depth personal interviews followed by either a second semi-structured interview, a ‘go-along” interview, or an “occupational mapping” session. Verbatim transcripts and maps were analyzed thematically to explore how mobility informed FROs.
Findings: Themes highlight specific dimensions influencing FROs: a) Routine, mobility and adaptation; b) (Transnational) Social connections; and c) Global mobilities & cultural complexities. Analysis was informed by a transnational approach and the mobilities paradigm to understand how the cross-border movement of migrants, media, and culinary influences shape migrants’ perceptions and experiences of FROs.
Conclusions: Understanding FROs in the context of migration highlights the cultural, social, and pragmatic parameters of engagement. Occupational therapists will benefit from a nuanced understanding of FROs when working with migrants to establish connection, belonging, and a sense of community.
Implementation of a Driver Education Program for Individuals with Neurodegenerative Conditions
Jeremy Au & Amanda Kuo | Dr. Susan Forwell, Denise Kendrick, Lisa Kristalovich
Room 1001 (LSC 1) | 10:05 – 10:25 AM
Introduction: Individuals with Multiple Sclerosis (MS) and Parkinson’s Disease (PD) experience driving challenges due to physical and cognitive symptoms. With limited resources, they face uncertainty surrounding decisions on driving continuation or retirement. This impedes their ability to make informed decisions about their safety and occupational engagement in driving. Decisions on Driving, a three-session group program, was developed to provide people with MS or PD with education and tools to support decision-making on driving continuation or retirement.
Objectives: To measure changes in participants’ knowledge, confidence, and self-stigma following participation in the Decisions on Driving pilot project and to evaluate the overall program.
Methods: Using a prospective pre-post design, 22 participants with MS or PD and having a valid driver’s license were recruited to participate in this pilot program. Pre- and post-group self-report questionnaires using the Qualtrics platform were used to measure participants’ confidence, knowledge, and self-stigma and evaluate the program. Data was analyzed through descriptive statistics and content analysis.
Results: Of 22 participants, results showed increases in knowledge (100% of 11 questions), confidence (100% of 7 answers), and a decrease in self-stigma (100% of 3 answers) after completing the program. As well, participant feedback highlighted the benefits of learning about self-assessments, driving aids, and external resources on how to maintain their independence whether it’s through driving or alternative modes of transportation. Overall, the program was widely accepted by all participants.
Conclusions: Decisions on Driving is a useful educational tool to empower individuals with neurodegenerative conditions to make decisions about their driving.
Pathways to access community and school-based services and supports for Canadian children with DCD
Arman Gill & Nicole Pereira | Dr. Jill Zwicker, Erin Klein
Room 1003 (LSC 3) | 10:05 – 10:25 AM
Introduction: Despite Developmental Coordination Disorder (DCD) being a lifelong condition, research indicates that parents of children with DCD face barriers accessing services and supports. Limited research explores the Canadian-specific parent perspective.
Objectives: To explore parent perspectives of children (5-18 years) with DCD on the barriers and facilitators in accessing school and community-based services across Canada.
Methods: We circulated an online cross-sectional survey using a multi-pronged recruitment strategy to parents of children with suspected or confirmed DCD across Canada from November 2021 to June 2022. Quantitative data were analyzed descriptively and using chi-square analysis. Exploratory content analysis was completed for qualitative data.
Results: 488 parents from across Canada responded to the survey. Families are experiencing challenges in accessing and maintaining therapy for their children with DCD. Lack of dedicated funding for DCD, inaccessible therapy in communities, and inconsistent school-based services are resulting in decreased service usage for children with DCD. Comparing provincial services, families have greater access to funding in British Columbia with a significant association between funding access and geographic location.
Conclusions: To support children with DCD, funding for school and community-based therapy across Canada, alongside increased awareness, should be prioritized to mitigate current gaps in healthcare and school-based supports.
Transitioning into the community: The experiences of people with spinal cord injury after discharge from rehabilitation
Olivia Vezza & Ivneet Lidder | Dr. Ben Mortenson, Rachel Abel, Julie Deveau
Room 1410 | 10:05 – 10:25 AM
Introduction: Transitioning to the community from rehabilitation can pose challenges for patients with spinal cord injuries (SCI’s), with many struggling to manage heightened physical and psychosocial demands, as well as daily activities. Most research predates the Coronavirus Disease 2019 pandemic, with limited studies identifying barriers that individuals with SCI’s encounter and its impact on occupational performance. Objective: To explore patient perspectives regarding their discharge into the community and to identify gaps in occupational therapy service during inpatient rehabilitation.
Methods: This cross-sectional study uses survey methodology. The online survey collected information on participants’ unmet needs and experiences living with a SCI post-discharge. Individuals who sustained a SCI and have been discharged from the local inpatient rehabilitation center between 6 months to 5 years were recruited. The survey gathered demographic information, challenges faced in the community, and suggestions for improving occupational therapy practice. Content analysis will identify common themes in open-ended responses, while descriptive statistics will characterize the study sample.
Results: 10 participants completed the survey. Four themes emerged from the data: 1) Challenges navigating social participation; 2) Encountering environmental barriers; 3) Readiness for discharge; 4) Desire for further learning
Conclusion. Findings revealed that while participants felt satisfied with the education received in mobility and equipment training during inpatient rehabilitation, they expressed a need for better preparedness in the following areas before discharge: activities of daily living, instrumental activities of daily living, navigating environmental barriers, and social participation.
Supporting immigrant employment in the platform economy
Victoria Brown & Janice Cho | Dr. Suzanne Huot, Atieh Razavi Yekta
Room 1416 | 10:05 – 10:25 AM
Introduction: Immigration is a circumstance that brings many occupational transitions to one’s life as they integrate into a new country. In Canada, integration into the traditional labour force can be especially challenging for immigrants. As a result, immigrants tend to be overrepresented in forms of platform-based gig work that have fewer barriers to access. Although settlement agencies offer employment services for immigrants, there is a lack of evidence that demonstrates best practices for supporting them in seeking employment in the platform economy. Objectives: This project explores participants’ perceptions of the platform economy to understand how immigrants undertaking forms of gig work can be better supported. Methods: Eleven key informants, including employment and settlement service providers completed an in-depth semi-structured interview. Verbatim transcripts were thematically analysed using the Framework of Occupational Justice (FOJ) to identify current perceptions and future directions. Results: Findings demonstrate that participants perceive the platform economy as an inevitable avenue for immigrants seeking employment despite the challenges associated with gig work. Participants recognize the need for enhanced support targeting gig workers, such as providing education on rights and advocating for the government to adopt systemic changes to prevent risk of immigrant exploitation. Conclusion: Immigrants’ occupational identities are being restricted as they are redirected to precarious jobs in the platform economy due to structural injustices. Findings should empower policy makers to enhance regulatory efforts, funding, and protection for immigrants engaged in gig work, as well as service providers to offer more comprehensive support, facilitating successful integration into the Canadian economy.
CEO-MS: A Group Therapy Intervention to Improve Functional Cognition in Individuals with MS
Serena Jacob & Garima Manek | Dr. Susan Forwell, Denise Kendrick
Room 1001 (LSC 1) | 10:45 – 11:05 AM
Introduction: Up to 60% of individuals with MS experience cognitive difficulties (Sumowski et al., 2018) impacting various daily occupations. Cognitive rehabilitation, despite the lack of treatment options, aims to improve cognitive function and teach compensatory skills to improve quality of life (QoL) (Goverover, 2018). Cognition in Everyday Occupation for Persons with Multiple Sclerosis (CEO-MS) is a 6-session program with manual, developed to provide a new treatment option by using a group-based cognitive occupation-focused program. Objectives: This study aims to (a) undertake proof-of-concept study, (b) understand the cognitive status of this cohort, and (c) identify trends related to participant’s understanding of cognitive functions, management strategies and confidence in navigating cognitively challenging situations. Methods: A pre and post quantitative study design is used to assess awareness of changes in cognitive functions, knowledge/implementation of coping strategies, and the ability to navigate challenging cognitive situations. Participants were recruited through the UBC MS clinic and completed a pre and post questionnaire. Content of the questionnaires included demographics, elements of cognitive dysfunction, and a modified version of the Cognitive Self-Efficacy Questionnaire II. Data was analyzed using descriptive statistics. Results: A ceiling effect was seen in the pre-questionnaire, as participants appeared to have knowledge on how MS impacts cognitive functions. Participants ability to recognize and utilize strategies increased after the group therapy intervention. Program evaluation showed high participant satisfaction with delivery and content. Conclusion: This study observed an increase in participants’ knowledge of cognitive strategies and willingness to utilize them. Further studies are recommended to evaluate the program’s effectiveness using a larger group of participants.
References Goverover, Y. (2018). Cognition and activities of daily living in multiple sclerosis. In J. DeLuca & B. Sandroff (Eds.), Cognition and Behavior in Multiple Sclerosis (pp. 171–190). American Psychological Association. Sumowski, J. F., Benedict, R., Enzinger, C., Filippi, M., Geurts, J. J., Hamalainen, P., … Rao, S. (2018). Cognition in multiple sclerosis: State of the field and priorities for the future. Neurology, 90(6), 278–288. https://doi.org/10.1212/WNL.0000000000004977
Barriers to participation and the impact on mental health for Canadian children with DCD
Marcia Paget & Afton Servatius | Dr. Jill Zwicker, Erin Klein
Room 1003 (LSC 3) | 10:45 – 11:05 AM
Background: Impacting one in 20 children, Developmental Coordination Disorder (DCD) is a neurodevelopmental disorder that significantly impacts physical, social, and mental health. Secondary to motor difficulties, children with DCD experience higher rates of internalizing symptoms and continual challenges participating in typical daily activities compared to their peers. Objectives: To explore parental perspectives on their child’s participation and mental health relating to their motor difficulties. Methods: This study involves secondary analysis of a cross-sectional online survey that was distributed to Canadian parents of children with suspected or confirmed DCD. Data analysis included descriptive statistics and content analysis. Results: A total of 488 questionnaires from across Canada were collected. Concerningly, 90% of parents were worried for their child’s mental health. Although 75% of children were reported to participate in physical activity, less than half of children were reported to actually enjoy it. Most children (88%) were not reaching the recommended Canadian physical activity guidelines. Conclusion: This study supports creating a national standard of care for children with DCD and their families. This must include a focus on the child’s social-emotional well-being and increasing participation and enjoyment in activities.
Facilitating fitness for wheelchair users: Exploring safety and usability of a standing active arm passive leg exercise device
Katherine Toy & Rae Lee | Dr. Ben Mortenson, Jaimie Borisoff, James Laskin, Johanne Mattie
Room 1410 | 10:45 – 11:05 AM
Introduction: Exercising while standing can support rehabilitation and minimize potential cardiorespiratory and musculoskeletal issues from prolonged sitting in wheelchairs (Ellapen et al., 2017). Active arm passive leg exercise (AAPLE) can provide effective cardiovascular workouts (Mattie, 2020), however, no commercially-available devices enabling supported, upright AAPLE currently exist. The AAPLEwalk v1 is a device currently under development that lets wheelchair users (WCU) exercise in standing. Feedback from v1 was used to create v2, which has not yet been formally evaluated. Objective: To assess and explore safety, usability, and functionality of the APPLEwalk v2 with able bodied users (ABU) and WCU. Methods: ABU tested the machine first to ensure skin and pressure safety before testing WCU. Participants were fitted to the AAPLEwalk, then asked to exercise. We collected Systems Usability Scale (SUS) scores and explored comfort, usability, and desired design changes using semi-structured interviews. Results: 14 ABU and 5 WCU were recruited. Average SUS scores were 70.36 (ABU) and 72.08 (WCU), indicating above average usability. We identified six themes: Perceived Health Benefits, Feeling Safe and Secure, Pressure Loading on Shins, Wanting Power Assist, Difficulty Transferring, and Valuing Independence. Areas of improvement include better pressure management, promoting more independence, and maximising use for diverse populations through power assist and adjustability. Participants who trialed v1 in the past indicated that v2 was much improved. Conclusion: Our findings will inform future AAPLEwalk designs regarding safety, comfort, usability, functionality, and accessibility to improve user experiences. Future directions of research include investigating the device’s physiologic impact.
REFERENCES: Ellapen, T. J., Hammill, H. V., Swanepoel, M., & Strydom, G. L. (2017). The health benefits and constraints of exercise therapy for wheelchair users: A clinical commentary. African Journal of Disability, 6, 337. https://doi.org/10.4102/ajod.v6i0.337 Mattie, J. (2020, March 5). Stakeholder feedback and preliminary testing of the AAPLEwalk sit-to-stand exercise machine for cardiovascular fitness and rehabilitation. 36th International Seating Symposium, Vancouver, BC, Canada. https://dentistry-ipce.sites.olt.ubc.ca/files/2020/02/36th_ISS_SYLLABUS-ONLINE.pdf#page=45
Experiences of people with brain injury receiving the Enhanced Care from ICBC
Amrit Bisla & Alisha Gandha | Dr. Julia Schmidt, Geoff Sing, Kix Citton, Jasleen Grewal, Carol Patkeau
Room 1416 | 10:45 – 11:05 AM
Introduction: ICBC’s Enhanced Care model covers the cost of medically necessary rehabilitation treatments; however there are facilitators and barriers to this no-fault system. To help gain a cohesive understanding on how Enhanced Care impacts occupational participation, our target population includes people with traumatic brain injury (TBI) following a motor vehicle accident. Objectives: To understand the experiences of people with TBI navigating Enhanced Care and determine priorities for care, services, and funding. Methods: Individual interviews were conducted virtually with people in British Columbia. Content analysis was used with a constructivist perspective to analyze data with recorded and transcribed interviews. Results: 10 participants with TBI (including 1 family member of a person with TBI) provided insights during a 45-minute virtual individual interview. Major categories emerging through data analysis included: (1) All you’ve got is uncertainty (2) Difficulty obtaining services (3) What can we do for you. All you’ve got is uncertainty includes the lack of transparency in services provided, uncertainty regarding wage compensation, and misinformation from the recovery specialists. Difficulty obtaining services highlights the denial of services and treatment plans and the unique experience of navigating the system with TBI symptoms. What can we do for you describes the power imbalance and absence of collaboration with ICBC while capturing future improvements to address issues with personalized care. Conclusions: The findings highlight the barriers and facilitators people with TBI experience when navigating Enhanced Care. These insights can be used to improve choice, quality of services, compensation and care provided to TBI clients.
Evaluation of a group-based virtual intervention for fatigue in Multiple Sclerosis
Justin Ng & Marisa Lin | Dr. Susan Forwell, Denise Kendrick
Room 1001 (LSC 1) | 11:10 – 11:30 AM
Introduction: 80% of people with multiple sclerosis (MS) experience fatigue, which has been described as among the most disabling of symptoms. MS fatigue reduces an individual’s ability to participate in activities of daily living and leisure, social participation, as well as maintain employment. Objectives: The EMPIRe2-MS is a 6-session, occupational therapy-delivered fatigue management program. The aim of this study is to assess the virtual delivery of the EMPIRe2-MS, with the following objectives: (1) to describe participants’ MS fatigue experience and (2) to determine change in MS fatigue impact, severity and self-efficacy after program completion. Methods: Correlation scatterplots were conducted to characterize participants’ MS fatigue experience. An existing dataset will be expanded upon with quarterly recruitment through a local MS clinic. Participants were measured on three self-reported outcome measures longitudinally at four time points, including the Fatigue Severity Scale (FSS), the Modified Fatigue Impact Scale (MFIS) and the MS Fatigue Self-Efficacy (MS-FSE). The Comprehensive Fatigue Assessment Battery (CFAB) will be used to collect demographic information and characterize their worries and concerns, the number of fatigue management strategies they use, and their ability to manage their work environment. The data set was analyzed using descriptive statistics. Results: An exploratory analysis of correlation scatterplots determined the following: slight decrease in self-efficacy correlated to an increase in worries and concerns, dispersed effects in self-efficacy and fatigue impact scores correlated to fatigue management strategies, slight decrease in self-efficacy and slight increase in fatigue impact correlated to higher inability to manage their work environment, and moderate increase in fatigue impact correlated to increase in fatigue severity. The analysis also revealed reductions in participants’ MS fatigue impact and fatigue severity and increases in self-efficacy related to fatigue management from program completion (time point 3) to three-month follow up (time point 4). Conclusion: Initial findings suggest small reductions in MFIS and FSS and increases in MS-FSE following a 6-session EMPIRe2-MS program. There also appears to be improvements in participant’s abilities to manage their work environment following the EMPIRe2-MS program; however, the strength of the results study is limited by the small sample size. However, these results are not conclusive and additional research with a larger sample size is warranted.
Parental and Nursing Perspectives on Calmer as an Adjunct Treatment to Skin-to-Skin Holding in the Neonatal Intensive Care Unit
Lauren Seabrook & Niki Marriott | Dr. Liisa Holsti, Dee Garga, Manon Ranger
Room 1003 (LSC 3) | 11:10 – 11:30 AM
Introduction: Calmer is a technology designed to mimic the widely researched physiological and psychological benefits of Skin-to-Skin Holding (SSH) or Facilitated Tucking (FT) for premature infants in the Neonatal Intensive Care Units (NICUs). It is intended to be used when parents are unavailable so their infant(s) may continue to reap these benefits in their absence. Objectives: The main goal of this qualitative study was to understand the experiences and perceptions of NICU nurses and parents using Calmer with their infants. Feedback was collected to enhance Calmer’s integration and functionality within NICUs. Methods: Using a phenomenological approach, in-depth, open-ended interviews were conducted with eight NICU nurses and five parents of infants who used Calmer while in the hospital. Data was coded and categorized into themes, with consensus verification among researchers. Results: Four main themes emerged: Concept Translation, Design & Function, Neutral Addition, and Future Guidance. Both parents and nurses found Calmer easy to use and effective in mimicking parental vitals, providing comfort when SSH was not possible. Nurses appreciated its compatibility with NICU workflows and minimal intrusion during procedures. Parents valued the reassurance provided by simulated parental presence. However, both groups emphasized that Calmer is not a replacement for SSH, particularly in replicating the warmth and smell of human contact. Conclusions: Calmer was well-received by both parents and nurses as a supplement to SSH. Feedback highlighted the need for ongoing education on Calmer’s role, emphasizing it is not a replacement for SSH or FT.
Evaluating use of an activity chair to facilitate occupational engagement and performance while seated
Ginny Lefeaux &Yi Yang (Catherine) Fei | Dr. Ben Mortenson, Dr. Bill Miller
Room 1410 | 11:10 – 11:30 AM
Introduction: Activity chairs are rehabilitation-grade ergonomic chairs with features such as braking systems and seat elevation. They are typically recommended for individuals with limited standing tolerance or balance. Currently, there is limited research examining outcomes of their use. Objectives: Our study investigated the subjective and objective impact of activity chairs on occupational engagement among adults with standing difficulties. Methods: This study used a mixed-methods, single-subject, quasi-experimental design. We measured performance of self-selected activities before and after receipt of the chair. Self-selected outcomes were measured over five consecutive days prior to receipt (baseline) and five consecutive days after receipt. Semi-structured interviews were conducted. Quantitative data included satisfaction rating with Wheelchair Outcome Measure (WhOM) and task demand rating with NASA Task Load Index (TLX). Qualitative data were analyzed using content analysis. Quantitative data were assessed using descriptive, visual, and statistical methods. Results: Five people aged 21-65 with disabilities and/or chronic conditions participated, including two women, two men, and an agender person. Activity chairs were used for dishwashing, cooking, and studying. Three participants had increased satisfaction and reduced pain and/or fatigue compared to baseline. One participant had equal satisfaction and fatigue, while another participant had decreased satisfaction and worsened pain. Four participants had increased NASA-TLX task demand. Qualitatively, participants were satisfied with seat elevation features but dissatisfied with ease of mobility and navigation. Conclusions: Activity chairs may facilitate engagement in seated activities for short durations when limitations relate to physical fatigue and pain. Prescribers must ensure suitability of activity chairs within individualized contexts.
The essential components of a motor imagery program to improve upper limb function after stroke
Nicole Aubrecht & Natasha Rawji | Dr. Julia Schmidt, Jeanne Yiu
Room 1416 | 11:10 – 11:30 AM
Introduction: Although MI is an established treatment modality for post stroke motor rehabilitation of the upper limb, there is limited understanding of the essential components of an effective MI program. The objective of this scoping review was to identify and summarize these components from existing MI research. Data Sources: Our literature search utilized the Medline Ovid, Cinahl, Embase and PsycInfo databases. Study Selection: Selected studies included adult only participants with post stroke upper extremity hemiplegia. All studies were published in English between January 1st, 2000 – December 1st, 2023. Studies that investigated MI as a treatment for other disorders or injuries, or for lower extremity rehabilitation were excluded. Methods: Eligible articles were evaluated by two student researchers. The TIDieR checklist was utilized as a framework to extract data from the articles. Resulting data was organized using the Occupational Therapy Person-Environment-Occupation (PEO) model. Results: 14 articles were selected to determine the essential components of a MI program. These articles provided information on considerations regarding inclusion and exclusion criteria for MI, intervention setting, intervention exercises, intervention duration, method of administration and outcome measures for determining the efficacy of MI. Conclusion: MI is a promising stroke rehabilitation treatment for individuals who have experienced hemiplegia. Literature shows that MI protocols vary in terms of dose of treatment and methods to administer treatment, however clinicians administering MI may utilize this review to identify reasonable parameters to provide treatment for their patients.
Doing, Being, Becoming through Belonging: An exploration of belonging in an occupational therapy program
Ruth Jen & Jennifer Shim | Dr. Laura Yvonne Bulk, Katie Lee Bunting, Dr. Elly Park
Room 1001 (LSC 1) | 11:35 – 11:55 AM
Introduction: Across health professional programs, a sense of belonging is critical as it impacts students’ well-being (Baumeister & Leary, 1995; Gopalan & Brady, 2019) and their sense of commitment to the program and the profession (Pedler et al., 2022). Currently, there is a gap in literature exploring a sense of belonging in Occupational Therapy (OT) programs, especially those that adopt a distributed learning model. Objectives: (1) To explore, through students’ and instructor’s perspectives, how belonging is developed in a distributed OT program across three geographic sites, and (2) to understand the impact of personal and environmental factors that affect their sense of belonging. Methods: Through a constructivist approach and informed by phenomenological methodology, we conducted semi-structured interviews with 10 students and 1 instructor from the University of British Columbia OT program. Data from transcripts underwent reflexive thematic analysis through inductive reasoning (Braun & Clarke, 2006; Braun et al., 2019). Analysis was guided by the Modified Belonging in Academia Model (mBAM) (Bulk et al., 2023) and the Transactional Perspectives on Occupations (TPO) (Cutchin & Dickie, 2013) to explore the experiences and factors that influence belongingness. Results: Reflecting the mBAM and TPO, the personal, occupational, and environmental factors bidirectionally transact to create barriers and facilitators in the experiences of belonging in an OT program. Conclusion: Findings reflect the importance of incorporating opportunities and strategies in distributed health professional programs as a means to enhance belongingness within and between learning sites. These may include environmental adjustments, shared occupations, and considerations for personal and social preferences and values.
Developing an Innovative Screen-time Management Intervention for Children with Autism: A Feasibility Study
Kyla McCart & Sarah Foot | Dr. Tal Jarus, Dr. Mor Cohen-Eilig
Room 1003 (LSC 3) | 11:35 – 11:55 AM
Introduction: Managing screen-time for autistic children has become an urgent need for families and clinicians and has raised concerns about the health and behavioral risks and a need for interventions to guide healthy screen-time.1-4 Adapting a real-time data collection approach to receive accurate information is an emerging tool in the field of children with neurodiversity.5 Objectives: Determine the feasibility and acceptability of using flexible, personalized, real-time data collection by families in the natural home environment to evaluate a novel screen-time management intervention. Methods: Six families with an autistic child, ages 5-12 years, were recruited. Using a mix of self-report (questionnaires and interviews) and an objective measurement tool (accelerometer), we measured emotions, behaviours, physical activity, and screen-time for one week before and after treatment. Descriptive statistics established feasibility and acceptability of the data collection protocol. Interview data were thematically analyzed to determine families’ experiences of the data collection and perceived barriers, facilitators, and satisfaction. Results: Accounting for two families’ (33%) slight modifications of the data collection protocol, the completion rate of measures was 87% (SD=13.8). 9 out of 13 feasibility indicators were met including a 100% retention rate of families. Six out of seven (86%) measures in the pre- and post-intervention questionnaire had positive changes after intervention. Participants rated 100% of the questions about the intervention equal to or greater than a 5 out of 10 (0=negative; 10=positive). Conclusion: Real-time data collection in the home environment was feasible for families. Further data analysis of the screen-time intervention will help guide the implementation of screen-time recommendations.
References 1. Slobodin, O., Heffler, K. F., & Davidovitch, M. (2019). Screen media and autism spectrum disorder: A systematic literature review. Journal of Developmental and Behavioral Pediatrics, 40(4), 303-311. https://doi.org/10.1097/dbp.0000000000000654 2. Stiller, A., Weber, J., Strube, F., & Mößle, T. (2019). Caregiver reports of screen time use of children with autism spectrum disorder: A qualitative study. Behavioral Sciences, 9(5), 56. https://doi.org/10.3390/bs9050056 3. Must, A., Phillips, S. M., Curtin, C., Anderson, S. E., Maslin, M., Lividini, K., & Bandini, L. G. (2014). Comparison of sedentary behaviors between children with autism spectrum disorders and typically developing children. Autism, 18(4), 376-384. https://doi.org/10.1177/1362361313479039 4. Laurie, M. H., Warreyn, P., Uriarte, B. V., Boonen, C., & Fletcher-Watson, S. (2019). An International Survey of Parental Attitudes to Technology Use by Their Autistic Children at Home. Journal of Autism & Developmental Disorders, 49(4), 1517-1530. https://doi.org/10.1007/s10803-018-3798-0 5. Boerner, K. E., Pearl-Dowler, L., Holsti, L., Wharton, M.-N., Siden, H., & Oberlander, T. F. (2023). Family Perspectives on In-Home Multimodal Longitudinal Data Collection for Children Who Function Across the Developmental Spectrum. Journal of Developmental & Behavioral Pediatrics, 44(4), e284-e291. ttps://doi.org/10.1097/dbp.0000000000001183
RAD solutions to promote outdoor play for people with lower limb loss
Emilee Kronbauer & Shayla Medeiros | Dr. Bill Miller, Dr. Ben Mortenson Pegah Derakhshan, Anna Braunizer, Tanelle Bolt
Room 1410 | 11:35 – 11:55 AM
Introduction: Participating in outdoor recreational activities can enhance physical, mental, and emotional wellbeing of the general population, and among those living with a lower limb amputation. However, current literature is lacking an understanding of the experiences and perceptions of those living with lower limb amputation accessing and participating in outdoor recreational activities. Objectives: The objective of this study was to explore the needs, perceptions, and experiences of individuals living with a lower limb amputation regarding their participation in outdoor recreational activities Methods: The study used a qualitative descriptive approach with reflexive thematic analysis. Semi structured interviews were administered. Participants were adults with lower limb amputations recruited from disability organizations. Purposive sampling was used to ensure variation within demographics including age, sex, cause and level of amputation. Results: 15 participants (8 men/7 women; median age 54) with lower limb amputations (8 unilateral transfemoral/6 unilateral transtibial/1 bilateral transtibial) were included. Three themes emerged from the data: 1) Being Motivated to Engage in Outdoor Recreation; 2) Discovering Solutions to Challenges; and 3) Needing to Strategically Prepare for the Outdoors. Conclusion: Outdoor recreational activities provide individuals living with a lower limb amputation the opportunity to accept their disability, to engage in sport, to find a social community, and/or maintain their mental and physical health. This study highlighted the importance of consideration towards preparatory and concluding tasks individuals must complete while participating in outdoor recreational activities, and how in order to achieve a fully accessible experience, these tasks must be carefully considered.
Autonomy, competence, and relatedness as predictors of motivation after stroke
Candace Chau & Maggie Chan | Dr. Brodie Sakakibara, Jacob Bosancich
Room 1416 | 11:35 – 11:55 AM
Background: There are an estimated 5.7 million stroke survivors annually (Benjamin et al., 2017; Feigin et al., 2022) who are at risk of decreased social participation (Cai et al., 2019), a strong determinant of quality-of-life post-stroke (Goh et al., 2019). While motivation is one of the most influential factors in determining treatment effects (Cheong et al., 2020), independence level (Rapoliene et al., 2018), and social participation, there is limited literature exploring predictive factors of motivation for stroke survivors. We will examine factors of motivation for social participation using the Self Determination Theory (SDT) as a guiding framework (Deci & Ryan, 2000). Objectives: To quantify the association between SDT predictors (i.e., autonomy, competence, and relatedness) and motivation for social participation among community-dwelling stroke survivors. Methods: In this cross-sectional study, we will recruit community-dwelling individuals (n=30) who are at least 6-months post-stroke. Motivation will be assessed using a subscale of the Intrinsic Motivation Inventory. Autonomy, competence, and relatedness will be assessed using subscales of the Impact on Participation and Autonomy Questionnaire, Stroke Impact Scale, and Multidimensional Scale of Perceived Social Support. Descriptive statistics will characterize the sample. Multiple regression analyses will quantify the association between independent and dependent variables. Results: The results suggest that competence and then relatedness are the most important factors influencing motivation for social participation in the stroke population when using the self-determination theory. Conclusions: The findings provide further insight into which factors influencing motivation for social participation are most important for healthcare professionals to prioritize and suggest that feelings of competence and relatedness should be promoted when supporting stroke survivors.
Connecting the dots: Community and connection in distributed learning
Taylor Lang & Jodie Leong | Dr. Elly Park, Katie Lee Bunting, Dr. Laura Yvonne Bulk
Room 1001 (LSC 1) | 12:00 – 12:20 PM
Introduction: In distributed learning students attend class in-person at their local ‘distributed site’ and connect virtually to the larger cohort through a video conferencing system. In traditional classrooms, liminal spaces afford opportunities for connection through social presence and authenticity (Carvalho et al., 2018). How liminal space is affected by technology, physical proximity, and student or instructor roles, across distributed learning sites is less understood. Objectives: This study explored how Master of Occupational Therapy (MOT) students and instructors across three distributed sites experience liminality, community and connection as mediated by technology. Methods: Semi-structured interviews were conducted with 11 students and instructors from distributed sites within an MOT graduate program. Reflexive thematic analysis was used to interpret data. Results: Community and connection fluctuated in response to the quantity and quality of interactions, often mediated by technology. Three themes and related subthemes emerged from the data including: 1) Zooming in on Tech: ‘Right here, Right now’ and ‘Liminal Spaces’ 2) Comfort and Safety: ‘In the Spotlight’ and ‘Navigating Power Differences’ and 3) Getting to Know You: ‘Building your Toolkit’. Conclusion: The potential for technology to afford immediate and authentic interactions between distributed sites is underutilized. Students wanted to connect in safe and comfortable environments, both in-person and online. Students connected with peers and instructors in different ways for different reasons and valued maintaining connections as a future resource. Findings from this study may inform program design in future distributed learning programs.
References: Carvalho, L., Freeman, C. G., Kearney, A., Mentis, M., & Martinez-Maldonado, R. (2018). Spaces of inclusion and belonging: The learning imaginaries of doctoral students in a multi-campus and distance university. Australasian Journal of Educational Technology, 34(6), 41–52. https://doi.org/10.14742/ajet.4483
Implement and evaluate an innovative aquatics program for children with developmental disabilities
Alanna Toth & Daryl Lum | Dr. Tal Jarus, Miini Teng
Room 1003 (LSC 3) | 12:00 – 12:20 PM
Introduction: Children with neurodiverse conditions, such as autism spectrum disorder and Down syndrome, often face exclusion from aquatic programs, as the prevailing model in the aquatic industry has been segregation. Inclusive education has been shown to benefit children’s quality of life, health, and social determinants of health, yet barriers to implementing inclusive aquatic programming persist and are yet unknown. Objectives: Building on findings from our previous participatory action research project, an innovative inclusive aquatics program has been created. The objective of this research is to evaluate the impact of this aquatics program that was designed, with this research potentially being used to create future inclusive programs and address the gap in program availability. Methods: Using program evaluation as the primary methodology, this mixed-method research involves surveys and focus groups with parents of neurodiverse children and aquatic staff who participated in this inclusive aquatics program. Thematic analysis and descriptive statistics will be used to analyze the data, providing a comprehensive understanding of the identified barriers and facilitators to participation in this program. Results: Anticipated findings will provide insights into the challenges and support mechanisms that impact the implementation of inclusive aquatic programs. Understanding the benefits of such programs along with why such programs are limited, despite research supporting their significance, is the core objective. Conclusion: By identifying and understanding the barriers and facilitators to inclusive aquatics programming, this research has the potential to drive systemic change within the aquatic industry, making inclusive programs more accessible for neurodiverse children.
VR Burns: Is Virtual Reality Feasible for Rehabilitation of People with Acute Burns
Carli Wardrop & Henry Liang | Dr. Bill Miller, Meredith Sanderson, Dayna Jones
Room 1410 | 12:00 – 12:20 PM
Introduction: Burns are a prominent injury across the globe, often resulting in prolonged hospitalization, disfigurement, and disability. Focuses of therapy include restoring motion, strength, and function through exercises as well as splinting, positioning, and pain management techniques. The use of virtual reality as therapy in burn patients is an emerging topic with limited research. The main literature on VR in burn care focuses on pediatric populations, and there is very limited research on the application and feasibility of virtual reality in adult burn populations. Objectives: The purpose of this study was to determine clinician’s opinions on the application and feasibility of VR intervention with the adult burn population in Canada. Methods: The study used a qualitative descriptive approach with content analysis to interpret the data. Semi structured interviews were conducted. Participants included registered occupational therapists and physiotherapists working in burn centers across Canada. Purposive and snowball sampling were used. Results: 7 participants were included. Three themes emerged from the data: 1) Feasibility; 2) Contraindications; and 3) Barriers. Conclusion: This study revealed that funding, staff limitations, and patient contraindications were some of clinician’s main considerations when it comes to implementing VR technology into practice with burn patients. While many participants had questions and concerns about VR use, many showed positivity around future research and trying VR in practice if given the opportunity. There was a strong voice urging more clinical studies be conducted on adult populations to create guidelines and pioneer best practices for this type of technology.
Self-regulation among health professions students
Megan Pratt & Nathan Harvey | Dr. Brodie Sakakibara, Jacob Bosancich
Room 1416 | 12:00 – 12:20 PM
Introduction: For occupational and physical therapy students to succeed, a high level of self-control is needed to balance social life, academic responsibilities, and daily activities. Sleep quality, stress, and anxiety impact self-control, yet limited research explores their effect on occupational engagement via self-control as a mediator. Objectives: This study aimed to: 1) assess how sleep quality, stress, and anxiety influence self-control in occupational and physical therapy students; and 2) examine self-control’s mediating role in the relationship between these factors and occupational engagement. Methods: Responses (n=42) from first and second-year occupational and physical therapy students enrolled in accredited Canadian universities were analyzed. Measures included the Engagement in Meaningful Activities Survey (EMAS) for occupational engagement, the Brief Self-Control Scale (BSCS) for self-control, the Pittsburgh Sleep Quality Index (PSQI) for sleep quality, and the Depression Anxiety Stress Scales (DASS) for stress and anxiety. Multiple linear regression and Baron and Kenny’s mediation framework were utilized for analysis. Results: Controlling for age and sex, significant relationships were found between sleep quality, stress, anxiety, and self-control. Sleep quality had the strongest impact on self-control (β=-0.47), followed by stress (β=-0.38) and anxiety (β=-0.35). Only sleep quality had a significant direct relationship with occupational engagement, leading to a mediation analysis which showed partial mediation: improved sleep quality increased self-control, enhancing occupational engagement. Conclusions: Our findings highlight the crucial role of sleep quality, stress, and anxiety in self-control among therapy students. Improving sleep quality may boost self-control, thereby enhancing occupational engagement.
Sketching OT Theory
Ilona Jones & Lainey Ebel | Dr. Julia Henderson, Katie Lee Bunting
Room 1001 (LSC 1) | 1:55 – 2:15 PM
Introduction: Visual notetaking is a developing creative learning strategy in health professions education. While visual notetaking has apparent benefits, we found no studies investigating the use of visual notetaking in the context of occupational therapy education; our study addresses this gap. Objectives: (1) To investigate the visual notetaking techniques used by first year entry-to-practice occupational therapy students at a large Anglophone university to learn occupational therapy theory (2) To understand student’s self-described sense of meaning and satisfaction with the visual notetaking process. Methods: The study used compositional interpretation and qualitative description methodologies. Participants were first year students recruited from an entry-to-practice occupational therapy university program. Participants created visual notes to develop their understanding of OT theory. Visual notes and semi-structured interviews and a focus group were used to gather data. Reflexive thematic analysis (Braun & Clarke, 2023) guided analysis of visual notes and transcripts. Results: The results mirror current literature that supports the potential for students’ use of a variety of visual notetaking techniques and strategies to enhance their learning and retention of occupational therapy theory. Conclusion: Findings from this study provide insight into the use of visual notetaking as a strategy for learning occupational therapy theory and offer occupational therapy educators and students important information about how visual methods can be incorporated into class activities to create an enriching classroom environment.
Are We Preparing Students for Culturally Safe Practices? Faculty Perspectives
Jordyne Greenspoon & Sarah Weseen | Dr. Tal Jarus, Jay MacDonald, Kaarina Valavaara
Room 1003 (LSC 3) | 1:55 – 2:15 PM
Introduction: Research with Canadian occupational therapists (OTs) who work with Indigenous Peoples have revealed that they do not feel prepared to complete assessments with them in culturally safe ways. The need for additional education on Indigenous cultural safety curriculum is an essential component of OT’s ability to work safely with Indigenous Peoples (Bauer et al, 2022). Objectives: This study’s objective is to explore the current OT curriculum across Canada, focusing on Indigenous cultural safety education and assessment administration to better understand what is being taught. Methods: We invited faculty members who are involved in Indigenous cultural safety and assessments curriculum from Canadian OT programs to participate in an online survey and group interviews. We will use thematic data analysis to code the interviews and open ended survey questions. This will allow us to scan for patterns of themes across the data (Braun & Clarke, 2006). Data collection is currently underway. Findings: Four main themes were established that embody the complexities of Indigenizing OT assessments and cultural safety curricula: 1) Shadowed by our history, 2) Alliance building: Indigenous cultural safety through partnership, 3) Playing their part, and 4) Complexity and collaboration in curriculum transformation. The first two themes describe the historical context and current landscape of OT programs, while the remaining two highlight the shared onus of reconciliation within them. Conclusion: For Canadian OTs to work safely and effectively with Indigenous Peoples, changes to the current educational system must be addressed (Bauer et al., 2022). Findings will help provide a foundation for how to better work in partnership with Indigenous Peoples while also creating a culturally safe environment, through examining issues within Canadian OT programs.
Investigating pressure injury risk in individuals with darker skin tone
Sarah Wasik & Julia Donohue | Dr. Bill Miller, Jill Wong
Room 1410 | 1:55 – 2:15 PM
Introduction: Approximately 15.8% of individuals living in long-term care (LTC) homes in Western Canada have pressure injuries (PIs) (Woo & LeBlanc, 2018). Despite research in the United States showing there is a higher prevalence of stage 2-4 PIs in older adults with darker skin tones (Cox & Thomas Hawkins, 2023), there is little research studying these disparities in individuals living in Canadian LTC. Objectives: To investigate if individuals with darker skin tones living in Vancouver Coastal Health (VCH) LTC homes are at higher risk of developing stage 2-4 PIs. Methods: Using a quantitative cross-sectional epidemiological design the skin tone of 8 participants from Purdy Pavilion LTC was visually assessed using the Munsell Color Chart and divided into one of three categories: light, medium, and dark (Reeder et al., 2014). Pressure injury (PI) history from participants’ charts and outcome scales from their Resident Assessment Instrument – Minimum Data Set were collected. Results: 1 participant had medium skin tone and 2 participants had a history of stage 1 PI. No participants presented with dark skin tone or stage 2-4 PIs. The results are ongoing as data collection is continuing for a second year and currently results are inconclusive. Conclusions: If upon further data collection, individuals with darker skin tone are identified to have a higher risk of developing stage 2-4 PIs, this could lead to further research investigating the implementation of practice tools and education strategies to reduce this disparity and offer equitable, person-centered care to all people living in LTC.
Occupational Therapy: Increasing Capacity for Student Placements
Jaime Wong & Amanda Wright | Dr. Elisha Williams,
Lauren Laing
Room 1416 | 1:55 – 2:15 PM
Introduction: During the 2023-2024 academic year, Island Health Community Health Services (CHS) accounted for only 4% of student placement offers for the UBC Master of Occupational Therapy (MOT) program (Drynan & Gardner, 2024). With student placements contributing towards the overall advancement of occupational therapy (OT) (AOTA, 2022), and with the growing number of student seats, it is important to explore ways to increase capacity for student placements from the perspective of community based occupational therapists (OTs). Objectives: This study aimed to 1) understand the public health community OT preceptor experience and 2) investigate the barriers and facilitators to increasing capacity to accept OT students on placement. Methods: A link to a web-based survey was sent to 95 Island Health CHS OTs via email. The survey consisted of closed-ended questions (yes/no, Likert scale questions) and open-ended questions about the perceived barriers and facilitators to increasing capacity for student placements. Descriptive statistics was used for measuring for central tendency and variability. Text data was analyzed using content analysis. Results: The primary barriers for participants accepting a student on a placement were high caseload and concerns regarding decreased productivity. The primary facilitators included increased support, financial incentives, recognition, as well as preparatory resources and information. Conclusions: Findings from this study suggest developing a more supportive infrastructure to accept OT students on placement through increased advocacy and exploration of alternate models of fieldwork. These considerations will be pivotal in supporting the current and growing need for student OT placements across Canada.
References: American Occupational Therapy Association. (2022). Occupational therapy fieldwork education: Value and purpose. American Journal of Occupational Therapy, 76(Suppl. 3), 7613410240. https://doi.org/10.5014/ ajot.2022.76S3006 Drynan, D., & Gardner, S. (2024). Summary Fieldwork Report. University of British Columbia, Master of Occupational Therapy.
Occupation of Peer Support Within An Integrated Youth Services Network
Bridgette Ferrara & Kaylie Schols-Flett | Dr. Skye Barbic, Matt Wenger
Room 1001 (LSC 1) | 2:20 – 2:40 PM
Introduction: Youth peer support (YPS) refers to support provided to youth experiencing mental health and substance use (MHSU) challenges by peers who have lived and living experiences with MHSU concerns. Despite the known benefits of YPS (Tisdale et al., 2021), there is a lack of understanding about the impact YPS has on the youth peer support workers (YPSWs) themselves. Objectives: (1) To understand the impact being a YPSW has on personal well-being, (2) to understand the meaning and experience of being a YPSW, and (3) to provide insight into the barriers and facilitators of being a YPSW in an integrated youth services network (IYSN). Methods: An interview guide was co-designed with YPSWs. Eighteen YPSWs from 10 IYSN centres across British Columbia were recruited through convenience sampling. In Fall 2023, we conducted semi-structured virtually. Interviews were audio-recorded, transcribed verbatim, and analysed thematically using an inductive approach. Results: The occupation of YPS extends beyond employment, providing meaningful work, skill development opportunities, and community building. YPSWs identified the importance of self-care, setting boundaries, and learning to become role models. YPS offers low-barrier employment opportunities and values lived experience that can’t be taught in a classroom. YPSWs identified facilitators and barriers that impact their role. Conclusions: Findings from this study highlight the value of YPSWs as an occupation and the importance of this role. Transferring YPS evidence to policy requires ongoing evidence that prioritizes YPS workers’ voices, thereby providing a deeper understanding of the mechanisms through which YPS programs are effective for both youth and the workers themselves.
References: Tisdale, C., Snowdon, N., Allan, J., Hides, L., Williams, P., & Andrade, D. de. (2021). Youth Mental Health Peer Support Work: A Qualitative Study Exploring the Impacts and Challenges of Operating in a Peer Support Role. Adolescents (Basel, Switzerland), 1(30), 400–411. https://doi.org/10.3390/adolescents1040030
My diversity matters: Diversifying health professions through a youth program
Kirby Way & Hanna Pahl | Dr. Tal Jarus, Dr. Nassim Adhami, Dr. Laura Yvonne Bulk, Dr. Ben Mortenson, Jeff Boniface, Dr. Julia Schmidt, Michael Lee
Room 1003 (LSC 3) | 2:20 – 2:40 PM
Introduction: Equity-denied groups (EDG) are underrepresented in healthcare professions, including occupational therapy, despite considerable evidence that diverse teams improve healthcare experiences and outcomes (LaVeist & Pierre, 2014). EDGs face unique barriers to entering health professions including lack of mentorship and limited exposure to professions (Colaianni et al., 2022). To address these barriers, a program for EDG youth interested in health professions was implemented and evaluated. Objectives: To evaluate participants’ change in familiarity with health professions, knowledge of admissions processes, and understanding of the value of diversity in healthcare. The study also aimed to understand if those who belong to specific or to multiple EDGs benefited from the program in different ways. Methods: Twenty-eight EDG youth attended a one-week program aimed at reducing barriers to entering the seven associated health professions and improving understanding of the importance of diversity. Pre-post data were collected using mixed methods: focus groups, surveys, and an arts-based activity. Results: Thematic analysis identified 3 main themes: 1) Gathering tools (gaining information & finding support), 2) Developing internal readiness (finding a direction & finding myself), and 3) Learning how diversity matters (seeing a place for me & healthcare needs diversity). Statistical analyses identified significant increases in participants’ knowledge of admissions, knowledge of resources, and readiness. Findings also identified significant inequitable impacts of the program based on BIPOC identity and level of perceived socioeconomic status. Conclusions: Findings provide support for this program in confronting barriers to EDG youth entering health professions. This program represents an actionable strategy to increase equity and diversity in health professions, including occupational therapy
References: Colaianni, D., Tovar, G., Wilson, D., & Zapanta, H. (2022). Factors influencing the diversity of occupational therapy students. Journal of Occupational Therapy Education, 6(1) https://doi.org/10.26681/jote.2022.060102 LaVeist, T. A., & Pierre, G. (2014). Integrating the 3Ds—Social determinants, health disparities, and health-care workforce diversity. Public Health Reports, 129, 9-14. https://doi.org/10.1177/00333549141291S204
Occupational Therapy Approaches in Return-to-Work Care for Diagnosed Psychological Trauma Conditions
Sofia Grant & Jasia Ho | Dr. Bill Miller, Montana Bahen
Room 1410 | 2:20 – 2:40 PM
Introduction: Between 2019 and 2023, WorkSafeBC saw a 29% increase in the number of accepted psychological injury claims (WorkSafeBC, 2024). Workplace injuries, such as diagnosed psychological trauma conditions, often impact engagement in meaningful occupations and disrupt everyday life, situating occupational therapists (OTs) in a unique position to offer care, specifically in relation to work. Despite this, limited knowledge exists regarding the treatment approaches used by OTs in providing trauma care in return-to-work (RTW) settings within BC. Objectives: To gain an understanding of the interventions used by OTs within work-related psychological trauma care, including theoretical approaches and methods of care. Methods: Adopting a qualitative descriptive approach, semi-structured interviews were conducted with a purposive sample of 19 OTs. Data was analyzed using thematic analysis guided by the principles outlined by Braun and Clarke (2006). Results: Three main themes were identified representing the experiences and practices of WSBC-contracted OTs: mixing approaches to best meet client’s needs, progressing through treatment in cumulative stages, and OT being a unique and central member of clients’ care team. The OTs did not identify any standardized trauma framework guiding their practice. Conclusions: Workplace mental health claims, including psychological trauma, are increasing dramatically and OTs are already providing care in this area; however, limited understanding of their practice exists. This research addresses the literature gap around what interventions OTs are providing within this context. Further research is needed to establish the efficacy of the interventions and approaches OTs use within the RTW context for psychological trauma conditions.
References: WorkSafeBC (2024, May 29). 2023 Annual Report and 2024-2026 Service Plan. https://www.worksafebc.com/en/resources/about-us/annual-report-statistics/2023-annual-report/2023-annual-report-2024-2026-service-plan?lang=en Braun, V., & Clarke, V. (2006). Using thematic analysis in psychology. Qualitative Research in Psychology, 3(2), 77–101. https://doi.org/10.1191/1478088706qp063oa
What are the essential foundational skills that are required for new graduate occupational therapists in British Columbia?
Katie Wingerter & Miranda Doerksen | Jay MacDonald
Room 1416 | 2:20 – 2:40 PM
Introduction: This exploratory research sought to determine essential practice skills for new graduate occupational therapists (OT) in rural practice as there are currently limited resources outlining practical skill expectations for OTs practicing in rural British Columbia. Objectives: The aim was to explore the experience of working in rural practice and of being a new graduate, and to produce a list of practical skills OTs consider essential for newly graduated OTs in rural practice. Method: Semi-structured interviews were conducted with OTs working in rural practice. Topics included perceived essential practice skills, experiences working rurally, and experiences working as a new graduate. Content analysis was performed to generate a list of essential practical skills, and to understand their new graduate and rural practice experience. Results: Most commonly reported practice skills included: interviewing, home assessment, functional assessment, transfer assessment, equipment assessment, identifying a need for equipment, formal/standardized assessment, equipment intervention, home modifications, client education, and prioritizing client referrals. These skills aligned with the skills OTs perceived as essential. Regarding their experience OTs expressed feeling like a generalist and working without a large interprofessional team in rural practice. Conclusions: Occupational therapists practicing rurally are utilizing a wide range of practical skills. Therefore, rural occupational therapy employers should consider emphasizing education opportunities to allow for OT skill development and maintenance of skill competencies. Additionally, education programs should consider including or emphasizing essential/everyday practice skills in curriculum to prepare graduates for rural practice.
Decriminalizing people who use drugs in British Columbia: what do service providers want to know to be prepared to have conversations about the topic with youth and families in BC?
Joyce Liao, Nicole Morgan & Jenn Suen | Dr. Skye Barbic
Room 1001 (LSC 1) | 2:45 – 3:05 PM
Introduction: Death by illicit drug toxicity is now the leading cause of death among youth in British Columbia (BC). In February 2023, BC introduced legislation to decriminalize personal possession (2.5 grams) of certain substances for individuals age 18 and over; however, what does this mean for youth (ages 12-24)? Our research sought to understand service providers’ and front-line employees’ (1) attitudes and beliefs around the decriminalization legislation, and (2) the knowledge and tools needed to discuss the topic of drug decriminalization with clients. Methods: We used community-based participatory research and interpretive description to co-design an interview guide and recruitment strategy with service providers. We conducted 15 semi-structured interviews with service providers and staff at Foundry, an integrated youth services initiative in British Columbia. We coded our data using reflexive, inductive semantic thematic analysis. We shared our results with participants and leaders within the Foundry network and implemented their feedback into our findings. Results: Our thematic analysis identified that decriminalization is “a step in the right direction but not enough”. Participants said that we need: 1) a safe, regulated supply that better addresses the toxic drug supply because people are still dying and experiencing drug toxicity, 2) service providers and people who use substances having a seat at the table, and 3) upstream interventions that address cycles of oppression. Conclusions: Service providers said that decriminalization is “a step in the right direction, but not enough”. They told us what was needed and why, suggesting that additional policies and services are needed to facilitate rich and meaningful lives for people who use substances.
The experiences of medical staff living with a disability in a health authority
Anna Wilson & Sarah Tomlinson | Dr. Tal Jarus, Shahbano Zeman
Room 1003 (LSC 3) | 2:45 – 3:05 PM
Introduction: Healthcare workers living with disabilities are uniquely positioned to directly and indirectly enhance client care (Lindsay et al., 2018; Iezzoni, 2016). Despite this, research shows that healthcare workers with disabilities are devalued and discriminated against at work which negatively impacts their well-being and career outcomes (Lindsay et al., 2023; Neal-Boylan et al., 2012). While several studies have explored the experiences of healthcare workers with disabilities, there is a paucity of current literature reporting the experiences of medical staff (i.e., contracted workers) living with disabilities (Lindsay et al., 2023). Objectives: To better understand the experiences of disabled medical staff at work within a Canadian health authority, with a focus on identifying ways to create inclusive and accessible workplaces. Methods: This exploratory mixed methods study used online surveys and one-on-one interviews to collect data. Descriptive statistics and thematic analysis were employed to analyze the data. Results: Three key themes were identified: workplace inaccessibility, attitudinal barriers, and the impact of workplace barriers. Participants reported systemic issues, discrimination, exclusion, and devaluation of their lived experiences, negatively impacting their safety, well-being, and work performance. Participants also discussed resiliency and social support amidst challenges at work. Recommendations for improving accessibility, support services, and inclusivity within the health authority were explored. Conclusion: This study highlights the importance of enhancing environments, practices, and policies to provide stronger support for medical staff living with disabilities. These findings will empower health authorities to actively address ableism and foster fulfilling and inclusive work environments for medical staff living with disabilities.
Occupational Therapy and Social Prescribing
Cecilia Lee & Janis Moy | Maureen Ashe, Dr. Bill Miller
Room 1410 | 2:45 – 3:05 PM
Introduction: Social prescribing is an emerging approach in health and social care that addresses unmet social needs stemming from social, economic, and environmental factors. It employs a holistic, person-centered, and community-based model to enhance overall health and well-being. Occupational therapists (OTs) similarly support patients by addressing occupational performance issues and connecting them with community resources, aligning well with the principles of social prescribing. Objectives: Explore the knowledge, perceptions, and practices of social prescribing among OTs in British Columbia. Methods: A convenience sample of 31 OTs participated in the 13-question survey. Qualitative data was analyzed to provide descriptive findings. Results: The survey was emailed to 130 registered OTs, with 40 responding and 31 completing it, yielding a 24% response rate. Of these, 28 participants had not heard of social prescribing before the study, and 19 felt it aligned with OT practice. Participants noted that OTs play roles in providing client referrals, recommendations, interventions, and in policy and research. However, there was variability in whether OTs evaluate the effectiveness of their community referrals. Conclusion: Most participants were unaware of social prescribing but perceived it as aligning with OT practice. The study highlights a significant lack of formal knowledge about social prescribing among OTs, indicating the need for further research to enhance understanding and integration of this model in occupational therapy.
Needs Assessment of Using 3D Printing Technology by Occupational Therapists in Everyday Practice
Kate Taylor & Pascale Pedersen-Arseneau | Dr. Liisa Holsti, Rosa Jafari
Room 1416 | 2:45 – 3:05 PM
Introduction: Adaptive equipment is given to patients to facilitate independence by occupational therapists (OT); however, much of it is discarded for reasons such as lack of good fit and/or, aesthetics. To address these problems, 3D printing technology has become more available; 3D printing creates aesthetic, cost-effective, and highly customizable adaptive equipment, splints, and prosthetics. Yet despite its proven usefulness, 3D printing continues to be underutilized in OT practice. Objectives: To explore current knowledge of, reaction to, and intention of occupational therapists (OTs) working in a large health authority in British Columbia to use 3D printing in everyday practice. Methods: In a cross-sectional study, 59 OTs completed a brief survey to gather their perspectives on 3D printing. Descriptive statistics and a non-parametric correlation were used to analyze the data. Results: Participants expressed positive views towards 3D printing, however, over three quarters reported having never used 3D printing in their practice. The largest barriers to use were lack of availability and knowledge on how to use a 3D printer. Conclusion: Findings align with previous research in a European context that indicates low levels of use of 3D printing in OT practice. System level changes are needed to support the use of 3D printing in practice.
Project title
Project Leads
Description of the project coming shortly.