Category Archives: CS2: Oak Group

Context Is Important

The response I initially thought of for Lenora’s situation was to work with social media as a way to begin to develop a network of like-minded colleagues who could potentially share resources and tips about ways to address bullying in band (aka First Nation) schools in BC. A Facebook page or even a Twitter account could serve as an avenue to reach others in a quick, easy way that would not be dependent on uploading or downloading files with only dial-up access. Most band schools are small schools with few teachers. A networking option through social media site could help Lenora and teachers at her school connect with teachers at other and schools, and might even be useful for the public schools in nearby school districts. A blog might be another option, but this would depend on Lenora’s ease with using (or learning to use) one, as the case study indicates that time is a concern for her.

However, reading Keri’s post changed my mind. She suggested (and I paraphrase – hopefully correctly) that if Lenora could work with a group of other educators, they might be able to jointly develop a website. The collaborative effort could help with Lenore’s limited tech knowledge. Not only would the joint endeavour be valuable pro-d for the team in terms of learning more both about using technology and what might be important to help address bullying in their contexts; in addition, the final product might be richer, with more access points for other colleagues in other band schools. And as Keri notes, it also fits within a framework of the First Peoples’ Principles of Learning.

This of course, would still require some support in terms of one of the team having more access than Lenora to broadband for uploading/downloading (or the time to work at the school), and the potential for learning how to create a website. Even if a collaborative effort to create a website was not an option, the collaborative development of a social media linked community to address the bullying would be valuable.

On a completely different note (but related to the case study parameters) I want to share some thoughts about how challenging it can be for some educators to respond to situations/contexts that they do not understand are quite unlike their own. In the last few years, I have encountered many educators who presume that teaching experiences of educators around this province (and even country at times) are quite similar to their own experiences. I think this comes into play in the area of technology integration quite often. In other ETEC courses I can encountered people who actually disbelieve that some people in some remote First Nations communities for not have broadband. Yes, the tech infrastructure is growing rapidly, but if people don’t know about the jurisdictional challenges that exist when it comes to First Nations communities and First Nations (or band) schools, they don’t realize that services in some communities are not as readily available as people might think.  In addition, most BC educators also do not realize that Band schools are not provincial schools and are not funded by the province (they are funded federally according to a completely different funding arrangement) and (except for a couple of schools) are not a part of a school district that can provide many of the supports that public school districts receive (i.e. in-person IT support). I think this is important to keep in mind when we respond to case studies (or potential future real world collaboration) about what people might need – it is important to find out more about the contexts other people are working/living in.

Okay – minor rant over now.

Oddly enough, I will be travelling to the Eliza Archie School in Canim Lake next month for the first time to facilitate a workshop (odd coincidence). I would be greatly surprised if any teachers there now are part of the very American- centered (i.e. not very relevant to BC First Nations) Cradleboard Teaching Project.

Jo

Some assumptions for Lenora

My estimate for Lenora would be no, she should not use a website. However, this is solely based on a few assumptions. The case study says nothing about the interactivity of the pro-d environment that Lenora wants to create. So I question as to why she would need to create a website when she can just provide the appropriate materials for the development session as static documents (i.e. PDFs, Word documents, etc)? Having static documents also allows her to cut down on the network bandwidth issue that she has. Although, to be fair, yes, she does technically need some sort of site to host the documents. So for dissemination purposes of whatever content she ends up creating (documents, video, online discussions, blog, website, etc) if she wants people to be able to access this information, she will need a place to store it on the Internet.

My rationale for this response is mostly due to the writings of Tony Bates’ Teaching in a Digital Age, Chapter 8 (2014). His SECTIONS model makes you look at the availability and affordances of various aspects of utilizing technology for instructional purposes. Here is my line of thinking then… if Lenora has no web design experience, very limited bandwidth availability, and no need for user interactivity, she really should go for the easiest possible model of relaying information. That comes down to a document, perhaps even a presentation.

Now, if she does want to build out a community of people focused around this development issue, then yes, she must have a website. In fact there are some very easy ways to make that happen based on her schedule, location, and skill level. For instance, Google Sites is a quick and easy way to create a fully functional website. Using Google Gears also allows Lenora to work in offline mode so that she is able to create the content she needs while at home. Once she goes to work, she can simply sync the changes necessary. So really, it isn`t as big of an issue as the case study makes it out to be. I think it comes down to knowledge about certain toolsets. Google Apps is one as I`m sure there are many others that could fulfill her requirements as well.

 

Bates, J. (2014). Teaching in digital age, Chapter 8. Retrieved from http://opentextbc.ca/teachinginadigitalage/

 

Time and aspirations

In her current situation, Lenora seems tight on time, might have difficulty with access to the internet and has limited knowledge of website creation.  Based on that information alone, I would not recommend the creation of a website.  Although many templates are available which will help her create her site, if she has not created one before and does not have the time to grant in thinking about the choices and the benefits or limitations each will have she might create a chaotic or ineffective site.

I would strongly suggest something that involves fewer choices and less time requirements.  I would suggest creating an Edmodo group or something similar.  It is free, has great resources to support the creation of a group, and is not as time consuming to set up and manage.  It allows for collaboration and a sense of community. I would not suggest an LMS as there are many tools I do not think she would use, such as the formative and summative assessment tools and the class and user management tools described by Coated, James and Baldwin (2005). Combining Bate’s SECTIONS framework (Bates, 2014)  with Chickering & Erhman’s seven Principles (1996), I have included below two other more detailed reasons explaining why I would recommend an Edmodo-style group over a website approach for Lenora’s project.

Organizational Issues: Providing Prompt Feedback and replies 

Another reason I would not suggest for Lenora to go with the website is the fact that she is placing herself and unfortunately her dial-up connection in the middle of the process; every post would have to pass through her dial-up network. As such if someone wishes to respond the website the chain of steps would be the following: 1) read the webpage, 2) compose the response 3) upload it to email 4) Lenora downloads it from e-mail 5) formats it for the website 6) uploads it too the website.  By this time depending on Lenora’s availability or access to the internet, the delay between the original post and the feedback might be too great to be considered effective.  Being the sole administrator of such a site does therefore not make sense.  However, being one of many administrators on a website still requires knowledge of websites by now many people.   Unfortunately having many administrators of a website still will not necessarily solve the issues previously raised depending on their resources. Lenora should establish/create a group in which she can easily send out an email to all the potential members to join in the discussion.  A service like Edmodo, would allow all individuals to upload their own content and to comment quickly and rapidly on what they see in the groups feed.  Therefore ensure 1) good communication, 2) collaboration and 3) prompt feedback.  All of which are examples of good practices as described in Chickering and Erhmann’s (1996) Seven Principles.

Interaction: Sense of community and collaboration

As Lenora’s idea is to provide support, the technology she uses to disseminate selected information must have a sense of community.  Websites also often lack the community feel as they are at times very static; the material is uploaded and sits there until updated.  As a user you simply pull off the material. As Lenora has no experience organising webpages, the idea a including a well-structured forum might be too advanced.  If such an element is inappropriately incorporated, it will be very difficult to follow up on posts and respond to the queries: rendering it seemingly useless and leaving the users with a feeling of isolation. If Lenora truly wishes to offer support, the technology must allow for a sense of community; to allow the users to know they are not alone.   The other issue in regards to a webpage is that anyone can stumble on to it; the potential number of users is too vast to provide that supportive community feel.  By establishing a group using a product such as Edmodo, you might still have a very large number of users, but you can literally see the number and each of their profiles if you want; you know you are not alone, also by allowing the users to post and comment you are allowing them to contribute to the learning of other, strengthening that sense of community and fostering a good learning environment (Chickering & Ehrmann, 1996).

I believe that before she embarks on such a project, she must take the time to look at the technologies offered to her and assess each ones strengths and weaknesses with her needs and aspirations.

 

 

References:

Bates, T. (2014). Teaching in a digital age. Open Textbook.

Chickering, A. W., & Ehrmann, S. C. (1996). Implementing the seven principles: Technology as lever. AAHE bulletin, 49, 3-6.

Coates, H., James, R., & Baldwin, G. (2005). A critical examination of the effects of learning management systems on university teaching and learning. Tertiary education and management, 11, 19-36.

Making use of offline editing and curation tools.

The idea:

When I thought about how Lenora could approach the task of creating an online anti-bullying resource with her limited website design skills and dial-up Internet,  I did not think a website was the way to go. The challenges Lenora would face in building a website are not a good use of her limited time. Taking both the time needed compared to Lenora’s priorities and commitments and her Internet access into consideration,  I think Lenora should create a blog instead of a website. A blog would not require a significant amount of website design skills as many come with premade, intuitive templates. Additionally, a blog would not (necessarily) require outside hosting, and would come with many useful features for sharing her content and encouraging interaction. As Lenora may not be confident in her skill set, she could start with something simple, then, as her confidence grows, she could add additional features. A blog would also be a good platform for others to contribute with guest posts.

Solution for dial-up internet:

To mitigate potential difficulties with Lenora’s dial-up connection, I suggest that she use an offline editor to create her blog posts. There are many offline editors available for both Mac and PC, and Lenora could download the .exe at work and bring it home if the file size was too large to download at home. If she did not want to download a client, Microsoft Word 2007 and higher has a blog editing function. Many offline editors allow users to create posts and see it exactly as it would appear on the website, so Lenora could get the text and basic formatting done at home and perhaps upload smaller files. With drafts mapped out at home, Lenora would only have to add the larger files and images while at school, then she could make the post go live with limited extra time spent at school.

Building an audience:

To build her initial audience, Lenora could share a link to her blog in the Cradleboard Teaching Project Teacher’s Circle. She could also use Twitter, or other social media plug-ins to promote the blog and to provide additional avenues of interaction.

Curation as an additional resource:

When considering a blog as a solution for Lenora, I thought about how I usually find blogs I’m interested in–Pinterest. I don’t think Pinterest is ideal for Lenora’s situation, but it did remind me of Spiro’s (2014) point about curation when he suggests that education will move toward learning professionals curating content. I didn’t think Pinterest was what Spiro meant, so I did a quick search and found two similar websites that could be useful for Lenora: Mentormob or Scoop.It. I have not personally used these, but I believe they would enable Lenora to curate content from her blog as well as items already hosted online, lessening the need to upload using her dial-up connection or staying late at work.  As these are meant to facilitate learning, they would complement the blog and perhaps be suited for an online Pro-D.

Drawbacks and considerations:

A drawback to both using a blog that Lenora is not hosting herself and using curation platforms is privacy and ownership of information considerations. Lenora wishes to create this resource for band teachers and may not want her content accessible to the public. Making the blog private could restrict access to her intended audience if Lenora doesn’t add them as permitted users and, her dial-up connection may prohibit her from quickly responding to requests for access. However, being open to the public also creates potential problems; moderating comments, for example, would be time-consuming and a burden on Lenora’s dial-up Internet connection. Lenora would encounter similar issues with the curation platforms and their privacy settings. Additionally, Lenora would also need to carefully examine the privacy policies of both the blog (if she’s not self-hosting) and the curation sites to ensure they meet the requirements of the privacy policy governing her school board and/or geographic jurisdiction to safeguard her information and that of users and contributors.

Spiro, K. (2014). 5 elearning trends leading to the end of the Learning Management Systems. Retrieved from http://elearningindustry.com/5-elearning-trends-leading-to-the-end-of-the-learning-management-system

 

 

Ease of Use for Lenora

What immediately came to mind when reading Lenora’s situation was websites like Wix or Weebly, which provide templates that make website creation much more simple but still creates a final product that has a harmonious aesthetic but can be tailored to meet the needs or preferences of the instructor.  Wix doesn’t currently allow offline editing, but it looks like Weebly does – and has a mobile editing option!  So even with her inexperience, she could create a site offline that could then be updated or uploaded when she gets to school with a faster connection.

If uploading and downloading is a problem, I would suggest she use hosting services for files that she could link out of on whatever platform she is using.  So although she would need to upload the file to a cloud somewhere the first time, those who would wish to access them wouldn’t need to but instead access them remotely (e.g. youtube, .pdf, etc.).

I don’t know what kind of cell service she would have available, but using platforms like twitter, facebook, instagram, snapchat etc. could also be a way to connect to her audience (educators but also maybe youth, considering the initiative) that could be done with minimal training on her part but would take advantage of social networking.  That would depend on how connected her audience is, of course, and whether or not they would find that kind of thing valuable.

With these kinds of simpler sites there is also the potential for instructors to engage with the content, should she want it, with widgets that allow comments (like in a blog format).  I think that one of tailored/editable web site platforms she might need to get it going at work one day, but she could create a rhythm that would allow her to build the site when she has time, and update it when she has internet access.

Lenora’s options

So to summarize Lenora’s situation:
    • Audience
      • aboriginal educators/band teachers
    • Content
      • online anti-bullying resource for band teachers
    • Features
      • offer support and suggestions from other aboriginal educators and their allies
        • to me, this requires a forum or discussion where exchange of ideas and issues can occur
        • this can be either synchronous or asynchronous.
    • Limitations
      • dial up only web access (low bandwidth, 40-50kbps at most)
      • no experience with website creation
      • minimal time
Given the above, I have one of two suggestions for Lenora. The first would be to create a website offline. I have never done this but according to a quick google search this is a potential option.

Google search for offline website creation - screen shot by MH

Google search for offline website creation – screen shot by MH

Apparently, the necessary software can be downloaded for free onto a CD or USB and used on another computer. So Lenora could download these onto a CD at school where the connection is faster, then work on her website offline, and upload at a later date. The only issue with this is  that she will still need to learn how to create a website which could be time consuming.

The second option I came up with is an email listserv. I think the important part of this initiative is communication regarding anti-bullying among band teachers. She already has a community of people who would be interested in this topic through her Cradleboard Teaching Project Teacher’s Circle. She could create a listserv, place important content and links in the email and then open it up to discussion. This does not require a lot of bandwidth or experience in website creation. Unlike websites or social media, many people access their email on a daily basis and this approach will reach the relevant audience directly. The only drawback is limitation to access. If there are teachers or other allies that would benefit from this information but are missed in the listserv, they will miss this information. One way to get around it would be to advertise the existence of a listserv on relevant websites and add people as requests arise. I have been on a listserv for minimally invasive gynecologic surgery and I am constantly learning from the discussions that are occurring and I find it very convenient because it comes right into my inbox. Also, I find this method is ideal when discussing sensitive issues such as unique cases or complications because of how private it is. I’m not sure if the same kind of discussions would occur in a less secure environment such as a website. In conclusion, I think I would suggest that Lenora use an email listserv to achieve her goal of creating an online anti-bullying resource for band teachers.

Another option for Lenora

I agree that creating a website can be overwhelming, even when using sites like Weebly or Google Sites, which provide users with templates and drag-and-drop functionality. Bandwidth and time are key factors when it comes to Lenora’s situation which compound the difficulty she will encounter trying to build her site. Assuming that increasing her bandwidth is not an option, then I believe that Lenora should look in a different direction to get the anti-bullying resource online.

Social Media offers Lenora various avenues that are easier to manage and require lower bandwidth. Lenora could create a blog (perhaps through her organizations website) which would allow her to post ideas and suggestions from other teachers and have followers respond. The dialogue could become an invaluable resource in the anti-bullying discussion and may prove to be more meaningful then a traditional website.

In addition, Lenora could create a Facebook group and a professional Twitter handle to post/tweet links to relevant material online. Both Facebook and Twitter require a much smaller bandwidth and can be accomplished on a mobile device. Through the Cradleboard Teaching Project Teacher’s Circle, Lenora could quickly amass a large number of followers and have her circle of influence grow quick rapidly.

Because blogging, Facebook and Twitter are all mobile platforms, Lenora could accomplish a lot of her online work while at work or after school. This would allow for more ‘family’ time when she got home. Ease of use, and easy access are features that I believe will help Lenora is spreading her message.

Ready Platforms

I think Lenora needs to use an existing website that focuses on the bullying subject. She can have a branch where she can relate to the community. It is even better because such portals already have traffic of visitors. The portal visitors from her community will find her resource relevant and will start engaging with the content she provides. This is very useful because Lenora will not have to spend a lot of time designing a website (even on weebly or wordpress) which will require bandwidth to upload content. She can simply link and tag resources that she finds relevant. I suggest she drives traffic to her branch of the portal by creating a tweeter account that addresses the bullying issue relevant to her community. This tweeter account can engage people to follow tweets, #, and mention her in any relevant resource found online. it also can be used to create live chats sessions between people and increase engagement. other social media platform can also be used to connect users to her branch of the portal such as: Facebook, instagram, snapchat…and more. All can be manage from the phone or the web which increases Lenora access to her audience and allow her to respond and engage with them on the go.