End of Term Thoughts

As this term comes to a close, I am left more than ever with a stronger drive for community engagement. I was greatly inspired by the Think&EatGreen@School project in particular – the chance to actually provide a learning experience to members of the community was terrific! While it is true that we have engaged the community in the past such as during the farm visits, this trip seemed far less passive than previously.  It also helped that my group felt extremely confident and cohesive so stress was not much of a factor during or leading up to the workshop despite the increased participation.

The Think&EatGreen@School project really highlighted my experience so far with GRS so far.  After learning so much about food citizenship, food security, food systems, community development, and much else besides, this brought all of these abstract concepts into the real world for the first time.  I feel strongly that the experience I gained applying systems thinking principals to the school food community bolstered with additional readings from the literature review (especially those of David Orr) helped to solidify the importance of systems thinking in my mind.  Now it seems hard to look at analyze any complex system or community and not draw it back to land and food – not that that is a bad thing.

As I continue on into the summer to pursue my interests in grocery retail, permaculture, and aquaponics, I know already that systems thinking will be at the core of these initiatives.  Especially in regards to grocery retail, I feel that I have SO much more to bring not only to my workplace and coworkers, but also to my own interactions with the system.  I am greatly looking forward to discussing these concepts with my coworkers and finding new depth and application for them.

I am also greatly looking forward to what next year may hold in LFS 350 and 450 as we continue to dig deeper into food systems and community!

The Future of Home Food Delivery

Over the past year Amazon Fresh has gained increasing popularity as it has expanded into multiple regions and increased its marketing.  There are many potential costs and benefits to the risky sector of online groceries – Amazon would not be the first to try and fail in such a scheme.

HomeGrocer, later rebranded Webvan, sought to capitalize on the benefits of an online marketplace.  By removing the need for physical retail space, costs could be greatly reduced though with the additional cost of delivery vehicles.  However, despite this cost, it was believed that the efficiency of centralized, automated warehouses could lead to a sufficient decrease in associated costs.  In addition, the middleman (grocery retailers) could be cut out thus providing many profitable opportunities for the online retailer.  These retailers not only increase the price of product due to their own need for profit, but they can also act as a representative of consumer demand and use this to influence producers through their purchasing standards.  However, it was not to last – Webvan suffered one of the most catastrophic collapses of the dotcom burst.  After filing for bankruptcy, they were rapidly purchased by Amazon.

Tesco was a much more established retailer that sought to use online shopping to expand into the emerging market of South Korea without having to invest in expensive real estate. Their use of QR codes as seen in the video below allowed them to infiltrate the market by targeting the commuter niche. As with other operations, convenience is seen as one of the key selling points. It’s supporters seek to establish the cell phone as the dominant tool of the next generation of shoppers.

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Where Amazon differs from these other retailers is that it is already an established online retailer for a broad spectrum of products. It’s continued existence does not hinge on the continued success of the grocery program that can even be afforded to run at a loss in the short term. In addition, Amazon’s facilities and delivery network are already extremely efficient. Amazon also seems to realize the huge potential for partnering with local vendors.  By increasing the availability of local niche artisan products, Amazon could see a host of benefits.  Decreased shipping expense, increased customer loyalty/satisfaction, and supporting local economies to name a few.

However, the greatest reward by far would be to supplant grocery stores as the key link between producer and consumer.  The question remains though as to whether or not Amazon is able to fill the shoes so to speak. As I explore in other posts, grocery stores are about far more than simply handing off food to consumers. Niche products, potential development of advanced virtual shopping spaces, and lower prices are but a few areas where online grocers could far surpass traditional retailers.  It remains to be seen whether these benefits will be made to outweigh issues with customer service, product quality, trust, and profitability. If nothing else, this wave of online retail competition could serve to refresh the stagnated retail spaces of even the largest corporate giants.

Going Beyond the Bottom Line: A Closer Look at the Potential for Food Citizen Development

April is Earth Month and at the grocery store where I am employed, I have been in charge of setting up events to engage the community while also promoting sustainability. Finding ways t combine service, engagement, and teaching is nothing new, but the recent events have highlighted these necessary actions.  While it is true that many retailers have devalued the role of their employees and sought to reduce hours as a cost saving measure, I have been fortunate that my employer is quite the opposite.

The obvious answer to why employees are so valuable in a retail space is merchandising.  I can say definitively that a well-stacked display sells far, far more rapidly than a poorly stacked or underfilled display.  Having lots of hands available to maintain and establish product displays throughout the store is one of the most basic activities of any store and is the only reason many stores even bother with employees.

However, this answer implies again that the sole purpose of a store is to hand off product to a consumer.  Higher levels of engagement define the next level of service.  Greeting customers establishes a relationship between employees and customers that leads to trust and customer loyalty.  In addition, guests are more likely to ask questions, thus increasing their own satisfaction, and less likely to steal, supporting the store’s bottom line.  Offering product samples and providing basic training to employees for customer service are additional tenants of this level of service.  By establishing the relationship between customer and employee, the foundation is laid for a community structure where there are more emergent benefits for both parties.

The highest rung of service recognizes the importance of community engagement and integrates it into their core values as well as everyday practices.  Truly engaging customers requires a combination of experienced, well-trained employees, an interested customer base, and products that go beyond simply being commodities.  In order to support food systems development in a retail location beyond simply handing off products, these products themselves must also see grasp systems thinking or else they could undermine the trust of the community of consumers.  In order for customers to reciprocate any attempt at engagement beyond simple marketing and merchandising, there must be trust in the retailer.

If such a high levels of systematic community engagement can be achieved, then there are many emergent benefits for both parties.  The store will gain greater customer loyalty, see higher purchases in response to rising customer satisfaction, and will gain a public image of social justice activism and quality product.  Customers will gain product that they feel ethically and gastronomically satisfied with as well as an opportunity to become active food citizens.  The retail space is thus a vital link between food production systems and consumers, but these consumers could become far more than just that if given the opportunity through engagement and education.  Stores can customers to become food citizens who look beyond the price tag and are conscious not only of the many physical aspects of groceries such as varying product quality, seasonality, proper storage, etc., but also of their place in food systems.  These awakened consumers have the real ability to change the marketplace through their demand. As large retailers such as Wal-Mart and many others seek to capitalize through green washing their product lines, it will take active food citizens to see the hidden costs of these false products.  However, if customers remain passive and concerned primarily with price, then stores will continue to cut prices at every corner (thus leading to a huge range of hidden costs) and use basic marketing and merchandising to trick customers into feeling satisfied.

Noa Fisheries Aquaponic Workshop

I recently had the opportunity to attend a very inspirational conference at UBC hosted by NOA Fisheries. The topics addressed ranged from production methods for various plants and fish to the regulatory requirements of fish production to new and innovative techniques. It was an invaluable opportunity to learn from experienced, trained professionals get an idea of what is involved in owning and operating various scales of systems. There was also quite a large turnout of students, hobbyists, and industrial producers from BC and across Canada – living proof of the continued expansion of the aquaponics industry. I will have much more to say in future posts about this conference, but I would like to provide a short overview and analysis in this posting.

The conference consisted of two days of lectures and demonstrations by Argus (a supplier of parts of system automation). The third day provided an opportunity to see large-scale aquaculture and small-scale aquaponics in action. The lectures provided various levels of technical and introductory information. Personally, some of the most valuable information came from the lecture around agro-ecology and the lecture regarding the systems at the University of the Virgin Islands (UVI). The agro-ecology lecture went into great detail about the complex chemical reactions taking place in the tank – especially in the biofilter where the nitrifying bacteria live. While this was expanded in the lecture around plant physiology, the agro-ecology lecture more clearly outlined the interplay of the smaller systems at work within the larger aquaponics system and the importance of each of these in maintaining a healthy system. The UVI aquaponics research and the resulting UVI system has long served as part of the foundation for modern aquaponics due to its efficiency and clear understanding of the many attributes of a healthy system.
UVI System
The tours one the third day were perhaps the most inspiring part of the whole trip as they provided an opportunity to not only see real systems in action, but also to listen to commentary from other members of the conference. While the extensive aquaculture facilities at the UBC aquaculture center was a bit intimidating, the smaller aquaponics systems built for backyard use were far more approachable. Our trip to the Nitobe Garden provided a beautiful view of how fish and plants can be grown together in a more natural yet structured environment.
Nitobe Garden
Overall, the conference helped me greatly to organize my thoughts around aquaponics by seeing which issues were still unknown and which issues were well addressed within the aquaponics community. It also provided me with an advanced understanding of the terminology used to discuss aquatic systems – especially in regards to fish. Seeing such active professionals and hobbyists also helped to make the whole notion of aquaponics more approachable and grounded. I look forward to exploring the many components outlined in the lectures in the oncoming weeks.