Two sources that I found were “Haiti’s Agonies and Exhalations” by Ramsey Clark and “Why Brazil was Different: The Context of Independence” written by Kenneth R. Maxwell, Nelson and David Rockefeller Senior Fellow, Council on Foreign Relations. Both articles talk about the reasons by which their respective countries went about abolishing slavery.

William Ramsey Clark (born December 18, 1927) is an American lawyer, activist and former federal government official, who was involved in civil rights movements in America, and occupied senior positions within the United States Department of Justice, while John F. Kennedy was in office. His article”Haiti’s Agonies and Exhalations” goes into detail on how and why Haiti was able to become the first European colony that was able to overthrow its European monarchs and establish themselves as an independent nation. Haiti was originally split between the French and the Spanish. Its pointed out in the beginning of the article that the amount of slaves within the islands far out numbered the European presence, drawing attention to the idea that the Europeans were in over their head. `On  August 14, 1791 the slaves of Haiti rebelled and eventually won the battle against France. They then won again against Napoleon, and scared by the power of the slaves the Spanish left the island, so on January 1, 1804 Haiti became an independent nation. It continues on to talk about how the Slave uprising in Haiti, gave hope to slaves  in other countries in North and South America, and it made Europeans fearful of loosing their colonies. Haiti was able to abolish slavery when they became and independent nation, however not all nations abolished slavery as soon as they overthrew their European powers. Its important to use this source as it is an important case study regarding slavery within Latin America.
The second source that I plan on using will be “Why Brazil was Different: The Context of Independence” written by Kenneth R. Maxwell, Nelson and David Rockefeller. I will not being using the entirity of the source, only the last four pages, as not everything relates to citizenship and human rights in the new republics. With regards to slavery the article discusses the reasons in which the abolishment of it came about within Brazil, stating that it was less of a humanitarian or ethical effort but more so one forced upon them by Britian, who called for them to not practice slavery above the equator. The objection is slavery was also inpart with the people believing that there was a racial embalance in Brazil, that would cause instability and would threaten the growth as a nation, in comparison to the European model. However since they were unable to alter the way labor worked within their government they were unable to abolish slavery until the late 1880’s, making it the last nation in Latin America to do so. This source is important as it goes into the reasons why Brazil was the last to do so.