Introduction

Crime is a universal phenomenon and has always been associated with society (Jonathan et al. 2021). Within the literature, it is common knowledge among scholars that crime generally “reduces safety, disrupts social order, creates chaos and confusion, hinders community collaboration and trust, and creates serious economic cost” (Jonathan et al. 2021). To analyze crime patterns and crime distribution, spatial data can be used to help identify potential predictors or factors (Reid et al. 2019, Williamson et al. 2001). Spatial analysis can be employed in an exploratory as well as a more confirmatory manner with the primary purpose of identifying how a certain community or ecological factors influence the spatial patterns of crime (Reid et al. 2019). Using popular spatial crime analysis techniques, the purpose of this study is to analyze how crime rates have shifted across Vancouver, BC from 2006 to 2016 and to explore potential socioeconomic relationships to help explain the changes. To perform this study, Vancouver crime, census, and local area boundary data have been collected from the years 2006 and 2016. Applying a reasoned methodology, the changes in crime rate will be compared to the changes in certain socioeconomic variables for each local area to determine if crime rate changes can be explained.