Tag Archives: TRC

Module 1

Like many of us, my elementary school in New Brunswick had a number of aboriginal children in attendance. At the time, my feelings toward my aboriginal classmates were dictated by the actions of the aboriginal students towards myself and others in the class/school, and we were mostly afraid. The aboriginal students didn’t want to be there (I realised later) and it showed.

I have often thought back to those days and I have an interest in finding out more information about school and education systems that were put in place (or attempted) for the aboriginal children in my area. Thus, I am looking at researching into the history of residential schools in Canada.

1. The CBC has an article that is a pretty good starting point for information on the residential school history. This page is from 2008 but contains an archive of links for further information.

http://www.cbc.ca/news/canada/a-history-of-residential-schools-in-canada-1.702280

2. Wikipedia, though certainly not always a reliable source, contains a list of residential schools in Canada.

http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/List_of_Indian_residential_schools_in_Canada

3. UBC has an indigenous foundation with a wealth of information on residential schools and includes a good list of recommended resources, from books to websites and different organisations.

http://indigenousfoundations.arts.ubc.ca/home/government-policy/the-residential-school-system.html

4. The Truth and Reconciliation Commission of Canada (TRC) has the following mandate “The Truth and Reconciliation Commission of Canada has a mandate to learn the truth about what happened in the residential schools and to inform all Canadians about what happened in the schools.”

The organisation’s site has a wealth of resources and artefacts that will prove useful in a better understanding of what happened in these schools and the Canadian government’s role in their development and forced attendance.

http://www.trc.ca/websites/trcinstitution/index.php?p=4

5. Just recently media reported findings that over 3,000 aboriginals died in dormitories in residential schools in Canada. The majority of deaths were due to the spread of disease. From the Spanish Flu to the spread of TB, the dorms were apparently a perfect breeding ground for disease.

http://www.cbc.ca/news/canada/at-least-3-000-died-in-residential-schools-research-shows-1.1310894

Module 1 Post 2 – Firstnations.com

I found this site really helpful in keeping up to date with First Nations news across the country and globe – http://www.firstnations.com/rss/google-news.php. It provides newsfeeds of FN news from various news sources.

One of the stories I came across http://www.cbc.ca/news/politics/harper-government-on-collision-course-with-first-nations-1.1862819 talks about the ongoing battle between the Assembly of First Nations, and the government of Canada in land disputes and education rights. With education, AFN are fighting for more legislative rights to control education for their own people, and in the wake of annual event in B.C held by the Truth and Reconciliation Commission, they believe the abuse in residential schools would never have happened if “had FN been in control over their own education”. FN is still seeking a “fair and lasting” resolution to the legacy of Indian Residential Schools. Past traumas are still alive and active today, and have profound impact on FN fight for autonomy in their communities.

Module 1 – Post 1: Reconciliation

As I no longer live in Canada, I am often unaware of events/national news. In this era of intense social networking, Facebook is usually my initial place for learning of things that are happening or being discussed ‘back home.’ Such is the case for the Truth and Reconciliation Commission. Friends, both Indigenous and non-Indigenous, have been posting about the TRC throughout this week on Facebook. Through my classmates in MET 521 and this weblog I have learned that this week is Reconciliation Week in Canada. The notion of a national week for reconciliation intrigued me and I began to read further.

I discovered Reconciliation Canada, a charitable project that was created as a ‘collaboration between The Indian Residential Schools Survivor’s Society (IRSSS) and Tides Canada Initiative Society (TCI).’ I am impressed to see an organization that is devoting itself and its work to the task of reconciliation. I am also incredibly interested in the importance that is being given to reconciliation. As a historian, I have studied many groups throughout the world seeking justice for wrong doings, recognition for mistreatment or simply an apology for what has been done in the past. To have created a group that endeavors to ‘engage people from every part of Canadian society in an open and honest conversation about our diverse histories and experiences in order to build vibrant, resilient, sustainable communities‘, is an inspiring step forward.

As my search continued I came across an article titled, “Reconciliation Week a chance for ‘critical conversations’ on colonialism” by David P. Ball. Initially I was interested in the reference to colonialism, but the article seemed to touch on much more.

The article begins by introducing Reconciliation Week and refers to testimony from residential school students. Ball notes that the final residential school closed in 1996. This astonished me. Historically speaking, 1996 is not that long ago. That a residential school still existed less than two decades ago challenges my own beliefs that residential schools were an archaic way of thinking and existed in a different time and a different mindset. To have one exist so recently, unnerves me.

Another key point of the article is the relationship between the TRC and prominent oil and gas companies. Ball points out that the TRC is sponsored by Kinder Morgan – a large oil and gas company. To some this questions the validity of the entire process of the TRC, to others it gives prominence and attention to an important step that has thus far not received the attention it requires. To me this echoes our discussions from last week on the cultural neutrality of technology and the idea of bias. The fact that someone, or a group, choose which information to include on a website, in an article etc. leads to biased information being accepted as truth.  The presence of oil and gas companies in the midst of the Truth and Reconciliation Commission can make on question their intentions and possibly benefits from being involved. Ultimately, this discussion on the involvement of these companies distracts from the main purpose of the TRC. It is not helpful to have the focus shift from truth and reconciliation to the intentions of oil and gas companies.

Although not easy to seek or achieve, a national movement for reconciliation is an inspired and important step forward. I hope that Canadians see the importance of having an open dialogue and are able to focus on moving forward.

Module 1 – Post 3 – A Sorry State

I strongly recommend taking the time to watch this documentary by Canadian filmmaker Mitch Miyagawa.  With a Japanese-Canadian father, an Aboriginal step-mother and a Chinese-Canadian step-father and three official Canadian government apologies to his family, he asserts that he has the most apologized to family in the country.  His exploration of his family history and the meaning of an apology is at times funny and light and at others very moving and heart wrenching.

http://ww3.tvo.org/video/184814/sorry-state

A couple of the conclusions he comes to are:

There is a difference between an apology and acknowledgement.  Sometimes, the acknowledgement is more important than the apology. 

Apologies are more about the future than about the past.  It’s about much more than just saying something. 

Apologies, acknowledgement, stories and all the memorials and other ways we have of dealing with the mistakes of our past, they aren’t about endings, they’re about beginnings. 

Module 1 – Post 2 – Margaret Commodore tells her story

In my previous post I wrote about the TRC’s BC National Event happening this past week in Vancouver.  In researching more about this event, I’ve come across blog posts written by a former journalist who highlights some of the stories that have emerged from the sharing circles.

This first one is especially meaningful to me because it describes the experiences of Margaret Commodore, who is part of the Sto:lo Nation and lives in my community.  In her testimony at the sharing circle she describes her abuse, how she suppressed it and the unexpected resurgence of the hurt roused by paintings that reminded her of the residential school.  She speaks of forgiving just about everyone, but not yet her abuser.

Margaret concluded with “I won’t apologize for my tears, because I deserve them.”

http://mickleblog.wordpress.com/2013/09/19/margaret-commodore-tells-her-story/

The next post from the blog author was entitled “Tears, but Laughter Too: Hearing from Survivors of Residential Schools”.  It followed a similar strain, highlighting some of the emotional testimony from that day’s sharing circles.  I won’t describe them all, but I thought I would include the paragraph that really jumped out at me:

“As many before her, however, she went on to tearfully apologize to her children for being a poor parent.  I was strict.  I didn’t know how to hug them.   After she got up to leave, her husband Rollie leaned into the mike.  She turned out to be a great grandmother he said.”

http://mickleblog.wordpress.com/2013/09/20/tears-and-laughter-at-the-trc/

 

The Truth and Reconciliation Commission – Module 1

Residential schools have left their mark on generations of First nations, Metis and Inuit Children, with over 150,000 individuals passing through these government-funded, church-run schools.  These schools eliminated parental involvement in the intellectual, cultural and spiritual development of Aboriginal children and in countless instances students were subject to emotional and physical abuse.  Today there is an estimated 80,000 former students living with the hurt that they suffered at the hands of the people her were charged with “educating” them.

As part of the Indian Residential Schools Settlement Agreement, The Truth and Reconciliation Commission (TRC) of Canada was established.  The TRC has a mandate “to learn the truth about what happened in residential schools and to inform all Canadians about what happened in the schools.”  “The Commission hopes to guide and inspire First Nations, Inuit and Metis peoples and Canadians in a process of truth and healing leading toward reconciliation and renewed relationships based on mutual understanding and respect.”

This past week saw the TRC’s British Columbia National Event running on the PNE grounds from September 18-21.  Throughout the 4 days there were a variety of both private and public sharing circles, information displays, videos, an Education Day for students, and a culminating Reconciliation Walk taking place today in Downtown Vancouver.

You can visit the TRC’s website here: http://www.trc.ca/websites/trcinstitution/index.php?p=3