NOTES

Note 1: I adopt Askew and Lodge’s definition of feedback as “all dialogue to support learning in both formal and informal situations” (Askew & Lodge, 2000 as cited in Carless, Salter, Yang & Lam, 2011 )

Note 2: I define critical thinking as a practice that involves “actively and skillfully conceptualizing, applying, analyzing, synthesizing, and/or evaluating information gathered from, or generated by, observation, experience, reflection, reasoning, or communication” (Scriven & Paul, 2013). Critical thinking helps uncover assumptions, biases, and unexamined ways of being. The act of critical thinking shapes beliefs and guides actions (Duncan, n.d.).

Note 3. Purposeful reflection is “underpinned by a transformative approach to learning that sees the pedagogical process as one of knowledge transformation rather than knowledge transmission.” (Ryan and Ryan, 2012, p.246)

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