Category Archives: Module 2

Module 2-Post 2: Achieving Improved Primary and Secondary Education Outcomes for Indigenous Students- An overview of investment opportunities and approaches

https://www.amp.com.au/wps/amp/au/FileProxy?vigurl=%2Fvgn-ext-templating%2FfileMetadataInterface%3Fids%3De0842bef78fc2210VgnVCM10000083d20d0aRCR

As I continue my journey into the new (to me) world of indigenous education I came across this report that targeted the philanthropic sector of Australia. It provides information that would help them to understand the challenges and opportunities associated with improving primary and secondary level indigenous education outcomes in any country. In addition it also provide a guide for practitioners in the not-for-profit and government sectors with an interest in Indigenous education. As such his document could be useful to any interested in indigenous education in any part of the world.

At first I found targeting investors to be a an interesting approach but after considering that children are the most important legacy of any society it became an obvious approach.

Of all the points mention in this report the one that stood out to me was the the need for teaching courses that include Aboriginal or Indigenous Studies as a core component since a good teacher can overcome many of the negative effects caused by the problems and barriers facing Indigenous children. However non-Indigenous teachers which makes up the most of the teaching force often find it difficult to adopt to the needs of Indigenous students without adequate training and preparation. Yet only about half the universities in Australia offer teaching courses that include Aboriginal or Indigenous Studies as a core component.

I came away from this paper with the belief every teacher training institution in a country with Indigenous people must make Indigenous Studies as a core component of teacher training.

Module 2 – Post 1: Learning & Knowing in Indigenous Societies Today

Learning & Knowing in Indigenous Societies Today
http://unesdoc.unesco.org/images/0018/001807/180754e.pdf

At 128 page this book is not meant for online viewing but for print. Read however you choose this book is a valuable resource for anyone who is interested in indigenous people and educational. The introduction provides a very good framework for understanding of the differences between education from a western context and indigenous cultures. It provides insights as to the friction that is generated between the two. This was very useful to me as I am now learning about indigenous people and education.
The rest of the book consist of the accounts of the following eight different issues on the topic from eight different indigenous people from different countries around the world:

  1. The indigenous peoples of Venezuela in search of a participative and intercultural education for their survival by Marie-Claude Mattéi Muller
  2. Sustaining indigenous languages and indigenous knowledge:developing community training approaches for the 21st century by Margaret Florey
  3. Traditional ecological knowledge (TEK) and biocultural diversity: a close-up look at linkages, delearning trends, and changing patterns of transmission byStanford Zent
  4. Biodiversity regeneration and intercultural knowledge transmission in the Peruvian Andes by Jorge Ishizawa & Grimaldo Rengifo
  5. Loss of traditional practices, loss of knowledge, and the sustainability of cultural and natural resources: a case of Urak Lawoi people in the Adang Archipelago, Southwest Thailand by Supin Wongbusarakum
  6. Transmitting indigenous knowledge through the school curriculum in a diminishing bio-cultural environment: the case of Botswana by Herman M. Batibo
  7. Learning and Inuit knowledge in Nunavut, Canada by Peter Bates
  8. African hunter-gatherers: threats and opportunities for maintaining indigenous knowledge systems of biodiversity by Nigel Crawhall

This goes a long way in establish how indigenous people around the world face the same problem  with westernized education.

 

The fight to revitalize Canada’s indigenous languages

Module #2, post #1

http://www.universityaffairs.ca/fight-to-revitalize-canadas-indigenous-languages.aspx

Since my research topic is on the revitalization of aboriginal languages, I decided to start doing some searching to see what’s out there. I came across two sites right away: one from uvic about a language revitalization program certificate that they offer and the other from universityaffairs.ca

The second website had some very interesting information about Canada’s aboriginal languages and what is being done about them. There seem to be federally funded projects to help revitalize Canada’s dying (or dead) aboriginal languages.

This website connects to many other sites such as the First Peoples’ Culture Council and even government sites such as Aboriginal Affairs and Northern Development Canada.

How to attract qualified Teachers

Module 2 Post #6

While continuing to look at graduation rates of Aboriginal students I decided to Google attracting and retaining qualified teachers to remote First Nation communities. I found this CBC article that breaks down the First Nations schools Report.

http://www.cbc.ca/news/politics/story/2013/05/17/pol-first-nations-education.html

Highlighted in the article is that “First Nations’ schools have lower quality teaching, an inferior curriculum and fail to provide proper services for children with special needs” and that there are “serious problems with the ability of First Nation schools to attract and retain teachers and support staff.”

So my question to the class is: How do we attract and provide incentive for qualified teachers to move to some of these remote communities?

Cheers,

Greg Campbell

Developing a First Nation Education Act

Module 2 Post #5

I just finished reviewing a document titled Developing a First Nation Education Act: Discussion Guide located on the Aboriginal Affairs and Northern Development Canada website.

http://www.aadnc-aandc.gc.ca/eng/1355150229225/1355150442776

The 2012 document discusses how improving education is a priority for the government of Canada as well as First Nations. The document discusses how Aborginal students “lag behind non-Aboriginal students in literacy, high school completion and post-secondary graduation rates”.

The purpose of developing an act would be to “provide a framework for achieving better outcomes for students through reform by: creating standards and structures; strengthening governance and accountability; and providing mechanisms for stable, predictable and sustainable funding.”

Definitely worth a read.

Greg Campbell

Secondary Graduation Rates

Module 2 Post #4

I just finished reading the below article titled: A Portrait of First Nations and Education from the Chiefs Assembly on Education.

http://www.afn.ca/uploads/files/events/fact_sheet-ccoe-3.pdf

The article contained some startling information regarding graduation rates for First Nation students as well as some amazing information. The article used data from 2004-2009 and found that the First Nation high school graduation rate was 36% compared to the Canadian graduation rate of 72%. The amazing information was that the Membertou First Nation graduation rate in Nova Scotia was 100% during the past 3 years. The article also contains some interesting information on First Nation language and learning and infrastructure and capital requirements.

Regards,

Greg Campbell

Broader Perspectives: A comparison of approaches

Module #2 – Post #1

Cornell, Stephen. And Kalt, Jospeh. P. (2006). Two Approaches to Economic Development on American Indian Reservations: One Works, the Other Doesn’t. Harvard Project on American Indian Economic Development and the Native Nations Institute for Leadership, Management, and Policy on behalf of the Arizona Board of Regents. Accessed via: http://www.nwtopportunities.com/sites/default/files/approachesedevelopment.pdf

This article examines two approaches that exist to economic development on Aboriginal Reservations. One end of the spectrum posits the “Standard approach”, a hierarchical system fashioned from Federal policy and procedure in an attempt to make decisions on behalf of Aboriginal peoples, and the “nation-building approach” that recognizes that sovereignty of Aboriginal tribes, the value of cultural tradition and perspective and governance and of course the sustainability required to improve overall socio-economic conditions for Aboriginal peoples.

Cornell & Kalt begin the article by providing context through the use of four example tribes that have made significant headway in terms of economic development, socio-economic improvements and acknowledged sovereignty for their people. I found this to be very inspiring as it is neither the sense nor the type of story that is presented in everyday media regarding Aboriginal communities. Breaking down the “standard approach” and the “nation-building approach” we see the following key differences as factors for impeding, influencing and shaping economic development for Aboriginal people:

Standard Approach

Nation-Building Approach

  • Short-term, not strategic
  • Agenda determined externally
  • Economic development seen as economic problem
  • Indigenous culture as impeding development
  • Elected leadership reduced to distribute resources
  • Practical sovereignty – agenda determined internally
  • Effective governing institutions – rules of the game that fit tribal objectives
  • Cultural match – government needs to be seen as legitimate by the people
  • Strategic Orientation – sustainability rather than a quick fix
  • Nation-building leadership – that incorporates tribal values

 

deteriorating aboriginal labour market

Module 2 Post 3

For part of my final assignment I will be looking at employment and unemployment of Aboriginal people in Canada.

The below link provides information on how the Aboriginal labour market has deteriorated in Canada since 2007. The study was compiled by the Centre for the Study of living standards (CSLS) and was funded by the Metis National Council.

The study doesn’t paint the full picture as Statistics Canada’s Labour Force Survey was used for the analysis which excludes Aboriginal Canadians living on-reserves. However, part of what the study found was:

“In 2011, the labour market performance of Aboriginal Canadians, excluding those living on-reserve, was considerably worse than that of non-Aboriginal Canadians. The unemployment rate was 5.6 percentage points higher (12.9 per cent versus 7.3 per cent)”

For more details of the study please visit the website: http://www.csls.ca/res_reports.asp and click on the pdf titled: Labour Market Prospects for the Métis in the Canadian Mining Industry or simply click below:

http://www.csls.ca/PressReleaseJune202012.pdf

 

Cheers,

 

Greg Campbell

Through my Father’s Eyes…. Mod 2, post 2

I have been spending some time on the Indspire Website and I found some personal blogs. Based on the readings this week, I found this blog post called, “Through My father’s Eyes” by Maureen Johns. It is about the differences between the education system of her father’s time and the education system she sees now.

This is the post: https://indspire.ca/2013/06/through-my-fathers-eyes/

I encourage everyone to register and check out the website to find some resources to suit the needs for your own projects.

Verena 🙂

June 11 – National Day of Reconciliation Mod 2 – post 1

Mod 2 – post 1

This “day” came up in my twitter feed – June 11, Healing and Reconciliation Day. It is based on the fact that PM Steven Harper’s apology to the Indigenous people of Canada happened June 11, 2008. The message “jumped out at me” based on our readings about media and indigenous stereotyping and the residential schools.  Here’s a video of the apology and first anniversary coverage:

Here’s my retweet from twitter: