Use of audio podcast in K-12 and higher education

In furthering my search for more information about the use of podcasts and how the Shuswap could best document and share their language with the younger generation, I came across this paper which.  This goes into more detail about language learning and how the listening aspect of language is “instinctive” but reading and writing are not.  Also, it was interesting to note that “children do not learn how to understand the spoken word but are hard-wired with the skill“.

The advantages of audio learning according to (Hew, 2009), is that “the spoken word can also influence a learner’s cognition and motivation”.  Also, when using podcasts, the factors of space and time for the learner are attractive aspects of choosing this means of technology for learning.  Students can now listen to their language podcasts “anywhere, anytime” which makes learning much more flexible for them.  This asynchronous option will especially support those students in hard to reach communities that would like to learn the Shuswap language on their own time.

One of the disadvantages of podcasting discussed in this paper is the increase in the workload and the amount of time needed for instructors and teachers to prepare and create the actual language podcasts.  I’m sure if our school boards started informing us that we needed to create podcasts of our courses because the district was hoping to offer distance education students our courses online, that there would be an enormous outcry and a lot of angry teachers.  Lesson planning is time consuming enough.  Recording each lesson would be tenfold.  Also, teachers would often need to record over any mistakes or parts of the podcast that they weren’t happy with.  I know this from experience because I make recordings of myself and my students in French Immersion all of the time and sometimes we need to re-record over and over again to get it perfect.  Nobody wants an “imperfect’ recording of themselves teaching that will eventually be archived away, waiting for distance education students to access them.  We would strive to create the best podcasts that would be pedagogically sound and well presented. Financially and time-wise, creating podcasts could eventually be a total nightmare.

This makes me think of the possible complications of recording Shuswap elders.  Time is running out before they will soon pass on and take their language with them.  However, the planning, money, teacher involvement and time needed to complete such an undertaking may be an overwhelming task.  I believe that there is so much to be considered when documenting languages and especially when considering all of the people that need to be involved.  I could see this being a full time job for many young teachers who are interested in helping First Nation communities to save their endangered languages.  I know that many researchers have already begun to do so.  The question remains, will the total funding needed every be made possible?  Doctorate students like our very own Heather McGregor, have done research in order to create Social Studies 10 units in Nunavut in order to include the residential school history to that territory.  Just the magnitude of this project and hearing Heather’s stories have me thinking that documenting languages is a project of such monumental proportions.  Let’s hope that the government will support the young teachers and get them out into these communities to start documenting and supporting our First Nation people.

References

Hew, K. F. (2009). Use of audio podcast in K-12 and higher education: A review of research topics and methodologies. Educational Technology Research and Development, 57(3).

In search of a podcasting “podagogy” for language learning

Lately I have been giving my final paper some serious thought, especially where my main focus lies.  The general goal of my topic is to look into how the Shuswap language is being revitalized by means of technology and also how the language will be effectively delivered to the learners and documented.

After browsing through Google Scholar, I came upon a paper that discusses the ins and outs of podcasting, which is the tool that I believe will be one of the most used for language revitalization.  According to (Rosell-Aguilar & Fernando, 2007), podcasts are now easy to use and are much more readily available now that companies like Apple have adopted ways to provide podcast distribution via iTunes.  In the past, only those people who were searching actively would ever find particular podcasts.  Also, podcasts can be accessed by subscription from online podcast directories.  Individuals or groups can make their podcasts (which are located on websites or blogs) available online through these directories.  The only thing that communities would need would be access to the internet in order to benefit from these podcasts.

Another important aspect that is developed in this paper is that language podcasts are distinguished into 2 different groups.  The first focuses on recordings of authentic native speakers of a target language, which are aimed at other native speakers of the same language.  This is done by means of news feeds or radio programming.  The second focuses specifically on language courses or teaching content which are specifically aimed for language teaching.  It is essential to differentiate between these 2 aspects of podcasting because in the case of the Shuswap for example, to simply record the fluent native elder speakers, will not necessarily benefit beginner speakers when they are first attempting to learn the language.  Yes, it is recommended to listen to native speakers as much as possible (just like I encourage my French Immersion students to listen to the international news in French) but in addition to exposing them to native speakers talking at their normal speed, special lessons (of various levels and difficulties) will also need to be created and recorded, which will assist beginners when they are starting out.

Perhaps current, younger Shuswap teachers (who are not necessarily completely fluent in the language) could create these lessons, under the supervised guidance of elders, who will help make corrections in pronunciation where needed.  Schools like Chief Atham in Chase B.C. (where Shuswap immersion is underway at the elementary level) I’m sure could really benefit with having archived language podcasts that are geared towards all levels of language learning.  Of course having an authentic teacher working live with the students is the best option but that won’t always be the case. It would also offer more variety for students, instead of always having the same teachers speaking the language.  Also, the difficulty of finding young, fluent teachers will be the challenge.  The older ones who speak the language will eventually retire and young ones are essential to keeping a program going.

Finally, this paper supports the cognitive constructivist communicative approach to learning as well as situated and life-long learning. It supports that

“language learning has been identified as one of the disciplines likely to benefit from development in podcasting”.

 References

Rosell-Aguilar, Fernando (2007). Top of the Pods – In search of a podcasting “podagogy” for

language learning. Computer Assisted Language Learning, 20(5), pp. 471–492.

Open Badges – Possible? Mod 4- Post 3

Badges are quite possible the most Eurocentric idea that I could suggest. However, Mozilla’s Open Badges program currently offers a viable option to demonstrate “evidence of learning” outside the current classroom assessment practices. They can offer “outcomes based” traditional curriculum as well as competency based assessment strategies. Open badges are a possible form of assessment for informal learning.

This is a video about the possibility of badges:

Badges for Learning

This is a site that describes the application of open badges into an education program: makewave.es

How could indigenous educators consider the “open badge” concepts and framework in alternative programs.

Badges are “huge” in the maker movement. (An emerging pedagogical practice)

Another great resource to consider – to gather evidence of experiential learning: www.diy.org

Here’s a video describing diy.org:Build Make Hack Grow

Lots of opportunity…what could we do?

Verena 🙂

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

“Letting” Indigenous communities Craft own Educational Policies – Mod 4, Post 2

After summarizing my latest research with Sean Lessard yesterday, I was surprised to see the following article in the Calgary Herald today (July 23, 2013)

The Article, Past abuse haunt education debate – Bands want to take control of schools is about a  the the Assembly of First Nation’s unanimous motion to oppose a framework for a First Nation Education Act. The assembly opposes the framework based on:

  • Steven Harper’s 2008 residential school apology.
  •  Denial of first nations languages and cultures
  • Failure of: First Nation control over Education/ Applying successful lessons learned by First Nations/ address funding issues

However – the part that really resonated with me from the article is:

When Nippissing Univeristy President Michael DeGagne spoke to the Whitehorse assembly, he described misunderstandings between non-native and native leaders.

“Aboriginal people are not saying, ‘Give us control of our education,’ because they want control,” he said in an interview later.

“They are asking for control so they can have better outcomes.”

DeGagne stressed repeatedly that doing so did not mean lowering standards, something he said is feared by non-native policy-makers.

“It just means educating in a different way,” he said in the interview. “The way aboriginal people look at the world is not second-rate, and we have to give ourselves credit for that.”

He said consultation really needs to come from openness from both parties.

“We have to consult from a place that is almost a blank piece of paper,” he said.

“It’s different from saying, ‘Look, this is my framework I’d appreciate if you’d sign it.'”

Retrieved from: http://www.calgaryherald.com/news/Shadow+past+abuses+lingers+over+First+Nations+education+debate/8688351/story.html

As I described yesterday in my post, elders and leaders directly from the reserves are asking Sean “how” to integrate indigenous knowledge and provincial curriculum. I’m hoping what we are developing can lead to future support for our indigenous learners.

 

 

“Alternative Curriculum” for Indigenous Education programs Mod 4 – post 1

I was looking for curriculum in BC and Alberta that I could use to easily integrate aboriginal culture – or curriculum that has already been focused around aboriginal culture. Sean Lessard and I are working on an integration of a program between place based learning and constructivism and we wanted to ensure that we are solidly covering curriculum.

One of the biggest questions Sean keeps getting asked is, what is curriculum – how can we cover it – and how can we integrate indigenous culture into the curriculum, and still ensure indigenous students are meeting curriculum expectations.

I am working on the assessment strategies – part of that is ensuring that outcomes are clearly laid out ahead of time, and integrating indigenous cultural competencies as well.

Today I spent some time looking for BC High School courses that Sean Lessard could use for his alternative education project. In Alberta, to be more creative, educators often use CTS (Computer and Technology Skills) Courses in order to offer a wider variety of curriculum to their students. In particular, I will thinking of using CTS Mentorship and Leadership courses for students in alternative programs – in Alberta.

In BC, there are BAA courses which are similar but different. BAA courses stand for: Board or Authority Authorized Courses. They are courses that are created by educators within a school board for alternative education options, then they are approved through the board to be offered to students. Once the school board approves the course, any school district can sue the course.

However – the BC Ministry no longer keeps an updated list of all the BAA courses. I found this data extract, somehow, through a google search – only to realize that I think it was last updated in 2011.

However – to find any details on specific courses, you need to:
You have to go to a specific school district website-
Search for  BAA Courses
Scan through courses like http://www.mpsd.ca/schools/baacourses.aspx

My biggest surprise of the day -> not all districts post their BAA courses and there is no actual place to find an accurate and updated list of all the courses.

This problem is BC needs to be addressed to ensure everyone knows what the curriculum “could” be.

Verena 🙂

 

Module 4- Post 2: Development Cooperation with Indigenous Peoples in Latin America and the Caribbean

Federal Ministry for Economic Cooperation and Development of Germany  website

To put it figuratively I went all the way to Germany to learn about indigenous people here at my home. For it was at the Federal Ministry for Economic Cooperation and Development of Germany @  http://www.bmz.de/  that I found this wonderful article that is pertinent to my research interest.

Hats off to the people of Germany for joining with the in­ter­na­tional com­mu­ni­ty, in com­bat­ing pov­er­ty, securing food, establishing peace, free­dom, democracy and human rights, shaping globalization in a social­ly eq­ui­ta­ble man­ner, and pre­serv­ing the en­vi­ron­ment and natural resources. The document “Development Cooperation with Indigenous Peoples in Latin America and the Caribbean” is one of their efforts in this cause. It a document of the highest quality and highlights among other thing the major problems faced by indigenous peoples in Latin America and the Caribbean.  I learned that these are linked to the continued lack of recognition and practical consideration of:

  • their distinctive cultural and linguistic characteristics in the context of pluriethnic societies,
  • their social participation and own forms of organization,
  • their territorial rights, access to and use of land and resources,
  • Disproportionately high levels of poverty and poorer living conditions. 

This is website drives home the point that the solution to indigenous issues are requires participation from everyone.

The Tyee

Module #4, Post #5

http://thetyee.ca/Series/2011/09/07/Successful-First-Nations-Education/

This website is an independent daily online newspaper about BC news, culture, and solutions. This page specifically is about Successful Practices in First Nations Education. It contains a series of news articles by reporter Katie Hyslop who takes a look at inspiring models of education done differently.

The series includes these articles:

As there are many articles to read, I will focus on one to give an idea of the success of doing things differently for aboriginal education. I read the article Amidst the Big City, an Aboriginal Public School?  This article is about how Vancouver’s school board sees potential in a school designed to appeal to urban First Nations youth. Their school involves aboriginal and aboriginal-aware teachers, parents, elders, and the community. This school proposal seems to be controversial because some see it as segregation. This article leads to another site, ALIVE (Aboriginal Life in Vancouver Enhancement), which is a non-profit organization working to improve the lives of urban aborginals.

I think that the series provided by The Tyee provides information on various educational opportunities that are out there for aboriginal youth and ideas about what can be done to improve and sustain aboriginal culture amongst the aboriginal youth.

Gateway to Aboriginal Heritage

Module #4, Post #4

http://www.civilization.ca/cmc/exhibitions/tresors/ethno/index_e.shtml

This website, provided by the Canadian Museum of Civilization, is a resource that documents the histories and cultures of aboriginal peoples in Canada. The objects page allows you to click on part of the map to find out information for that area and about different ‘objects’ that were used. The photos and papers page takes you to various researchers photo archive of indigenous life.

I found the ‘kids and teachers’ page to be most useful and interesting. There are many games and various learning activities to choose from to learn about aboriginal heritage.

Links:

http://www.civilization.ca/cmc/exhibitions/tresors/ethno/ety090we.shtml (webquest)

http://www.civilization.ca/cmc/exhibitions/tresors/ethno/ety0105e.shtml (game)

 

The Story of the Masks

Module #4, Post #3

http://www.umista.ca/masks_story/en/ht/index.html

This website is about the “story of families with a passion that will not allow their culture to be extinguished.” The website contains information about the potlatch and explains its major role in Kwakwaka’waku society. This page even has a video that you can download and watch in Irene Cook’s native tongue and in English. This is a great example of the language and about the potlatch. The masks page has links to various types of masks as well as an overview of the collection. I believe that this website provide further research into aboriginal culture and their community reality.

 

The 8th Fire

Module #4, Post #2

http://www.cbc.ca/doczone/8thfire//2011/11/indigenious-in-the-city.html

The 8th Fire is a 4 episode video series about Indigenous peoples. The first episode is about the indigenous who live in the city. I found it very interesting how they spoke about stereotypes about aboriginal people. I have heard all of the stereotypes and feel that they need to stop. I think that this video series will help to curb many of the stereotypes.

One of the things that were said in the video that really made me sad was the fact that it’s not that aboriginal students drop out of school, it’s more that they are being pushed out because of the stereotypes.

According to the series, connection to the land is very important for aboriginal peoples… to go back home and leave the cities. Connecting with the land allows you to become humble and appreciate what is out there.

I found the first episode of this series very powerful and believe that it contributes greatly to research on Indigenous knowledge, media, and community reality.

Links:

http://www.cbc.ca/doczone/8thfire/2011/11/winnipegs-most.html

http://www.cbc.ca/doczone/8thfire/2011/11/its-time.html (episode 2)

http://www.cbc.ca/doczone/8thfire/2011/11/whose-land-is-it-anyway.html (episode 3)

http://www.cbc.ca/doczone/8thfire/2011/11/at-the-crossroads.html (episode 4)