Author Archives: maryamg

Hypnosis: A Natural Human Ability !

Have you ever been so much focused on a task, such as watching an interesting movie or reading a novel, that you could not hear noises around you? If your answer is yes, then you have experienced hypnosis to some degree !

What happens when you are hypnotized? Donald Kraig answers this question in a simple way. He explains our conscious mind to be the one that is logical and makes plans but our unconscious mind to be the one responsible for our emotions, habits and beliefs. The unconscious mind follows the commands that it receives. However, another part of the mind filters the information that goes from the conscious mind to the unconscious mind. Hypnotists call it the critical factor. For example, you decide to quit smoking by your conscious mind. Nevertheless, the critical factor tells your unconscious that “quitting smoking is harder than quitting heroin, so you cannot quit.” That is why we are not always successful in changing our habits despite our willingness to change. Hypnosis actually provides an alternative path to communicate directly with the unconscious mind without the interference of the critical factor.

In the video below, uploaded by “JFLdotCOM,” John Francis Leader who is a psychologist and hypnotherapist explains how hypnosis actually works.

YouTube Preview Image

( https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=IYr1w9JgIr4&feature=related)

One of the important information that he provides is about the areas of the brain that are activated during the hypnosis. He says when a person is deeply focused on doing something, the same part of the brain is activated as when the person is taking the action in reality. Therefore, the person can practice doing something (such as quitting smoking) in his brain.

Clearly, hypnosis is a harmless practice that can help us change our habits. However, most of us have misconceptions about this technique. An article discusses several common misconceptions about hypnosis.

Most people think hypnosis is like sleep.  (Picture uploaded by “Hypnosis,Hypnotherapist,hypnotherapy”  available from http://www.hypnotherapist.org/coming-out-of-hypnosis.html)

Firstly, you are not asleep during the hypnosis. Although you might not move during the hypnosis and close your eyes to feel more relaxed, you are deeply focused and fully alert.You are awake and aware of what is going on around you all the time.

Secondly, You have full control over your actions while you are hypnotized.  For example, a hypnotist cannot make you tell your secrets to him/her against your will.

Thirdly, after hypnosis, you can remember what happened during the hypnosis session. However, in some cases, people forget what happened to them for several reasons other than the hypnosis experience itself. For example, some people believe that they cannot remember anything from their hypnotized state.This belief makes them forget what happened. Furthermore, some people only pay attention to a particular concept,so they might not remember anything other than that.

Finally, anyone can be hypnotized, not only the stupid ones! To be hypnotized, you need to be able to concentrate and be imaginative. Therefore, in contrast to what people believe, intelligent people might be hypnotized easier.

In conclusion, despite the misconceptions about hypnosis, it helps you focus more deeply on different things.

Maryam Goharian

Sources from:

http://blog.californiapsychics.com/blog/2011/01/the-truth-about-hypnosis.html

http://www.neurohypnoticscience.com/5-common-misconceptions-about-hypnosis

http://psychology.about.com/od/statesofconsciousness/a/hypnosis.htm

 

Vitamin Pills: A Waste of Money ?!

These days,  if you walk through every pharmacy store , you will see a variety and abundance of different vitamin pills due to the widespread use of these supplements.However, are people really aware of the effects of these pills? There are controversies over using these supplements.

Human body needs 13 types of vitamins to work properly : A, C, D, E , K and the eight B vitamins. Each of the vitamins has different advantages for our bodies and can be found in different nutrients. Most of the people take vitamin pills since their daily diets do not provide enough natural vitamins for their bodies.

“People use vitamin pills to compensate for their unhealthy diets”

(picture from: https://blogs.ubc.ca/communicatingscience2012w109/files/2012/10/vitamin-pills1.jpg )

However, studies show different results for popping vitamin pills.

One category of studies associate benefits with vitamin supplement consumption. For example, a number of studies show that these supplements improve cognitive skills and decrease the rate of mental decline.

The second category of studies show no effects associated with supplement consumption.For instance, a study was done over the course of eight years with about 8,000 participants.The overall health conditions of the participants who took the real pill daily (which contained vitamin C, vitamin E, beta-carotene, selenium  and zinc,) and the ones who took the placebo pills daily ( the pill with the same appearance of the real one but without the capacity to function) showed almost the same trend .

The third category of studies, in contrast, show that consuming vitamin pills can be harmful. For example, according to two of the studies, the likelihood of  developing different types of cancer such as malignant cancer( the most severe type of skin cancer) and breast cancer was more in participants who took particular types of vitamin supplements. Another study also suggests that using supplements such as multivitamins increases the mortality rate.

What should we do despite all the contradictory results from different studies about the cons and pros of taking vitamin supplements ? According to an article ,having a healthy diet is the most important step . However, taking one multivitamin tablet as well as vitamin D tablet per day can help people who do not have an optimal diet, but the important thing to remember is that we should not over use vitamin supplements.The article argues that the disadvantages of the supplements are outweighed by their advantages.Another article states that foods contain natural vitamins as well as other plant substances such as  phytochemicals ( plant chemicals that prevent disease) that cannot be put in the vitamin pills ;Therefore, it is much better to have a healthy diet rather than taking vitamin pills.

In the video below,uploaded by ” psychetruth” ,Dr. Vincent Bellonzi gives more information about whether we should take vitamin supplements or not.

 

 

 

 

(www.youtube.com/watch?v=Aa6-jmVhbcU&feature=related)

Maryam Goharian

 

Sources:

benefits:  http://www.business-standard.com/generalnews/news/daily-multivitamin-tablets-can-boost-memory-study/65391/

http://www.dailymail.co.uk/health/article-2078861/Taking-multi-vitamin-pills-does-health.html

http://www.medicinenet.com/melanoma/article.htm

http://www.cosmosmagazine.com/news/4829/vitamin-pills-do-more-harm-good

http://www.health-alternatives.com/vitamins-nutrition-chart.html

http://www.hsph.harvard.edu/nutritionsource/what-should-you-eat/vitamins/index.html

http://www.phytochemicals.info/

http://www.netdoctor.co.uk/dietandnutrition/feature/vitamins.htm

 

 

picture from:

https://blogs.ubc.ca/communicatingscience2012w109/files/2012/10/vitamin-pills1.jpg

video from:

www.youtube.com/watch?v=Aa6-jmVhbcU&feature=related

Bacteria Are Mini Factories That Can Produce Fuels !

Have you ever thought about what would happen if you had to go to school or other places by walking or driving bicycle ? We become fearful even by thinking about this situation which happens when we run out of fossil fuels . Clearly, we are all dependent on fossil fuels to live comfortably.

However, it takes many years to produce enough fossil fuels by the decomposing plants.Furthermore, emissions through the combustion of fossil fuels contain harmful substances such as carbon dioxide which lead to global climate change.

Therefore,creating a new renewable energy source without unfavourable emissions is a serious issue to consider. One of the amazing solutions for this problem is achieved by using microbes to make advanced biofuels.

Microbes can produce biofuels.

(adapted from :http://web.mit.edu/press/2012/genetically-modified-organism-can-turn-carbon-dioxide-into-fuel.html)

Scientists in MIT university are trying to use a microbe called Ralstonia eutrophato to make fuel from carbon dioxide. Nitrate and phosphate are important nutrients for this bacterium , but when they are limited, it stores food by forming polymers out of the available carbon. The properties of these polymers are very similar to those of plastics made up of petroleum. By making a few changes to the bacterium’s genetic structure such as adding a new gene, removing a few genes and altering the expression of the other genes, scientists can produce fuel instead of plastic.More interestingly, they are trying to modify the microbe to use any waste product that is a source of carbon to make fuel.

Another advantage of using this microbe is that it automatically releases the isobutanol (a substitution for gasoline) which makes the process easier for the researchers.Fortunately, unlike some of the other biofuels , isobutanol can be used in car engines without any changes.

Up to this point, these scientists have been successful in making genetic changes that result in the production of isobutanol.

According to another study, animal fats and vegetable oils ,such as soybean oils, are commonly used as the raw material to produce biofuels. However, the increasing demand for biofuel production requires us to think of other biofuel sources which are suitable for human consumption. Microbial oils , such as the one discussed above, are better feedstocks for biofuel production rather than vegetable and animal oils due to different reasons : having shorter life cycle, requiring less work and increasing their amounts more easily.

Obviously, teaching microbes to make biofuels is a major breakthrough that is very beneficial and essential for all of the people around the world.

Below you can see a video that shortly explains about producing biofuels with the aid of microbes:

YouTube Preview Image

video posted by “bloomberg”

Maryam Goharian

sources:

“MIT Media Relations”.

http://web.mit.edu/press/2012/genetically-modified-organism-can-turn-carbon-dioxide-into-fuel.html

“Biofuel definition “

http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Biofuel

“Global Climate Change” .http://www.cotf.edu/ete/modules/climate/GCclimate1.html

http://apps.webofknowledge.com.ezproxy.library.ubc.ca/full_record.do?page=1&qid=6&log_event=no&viewType=fullRecord&SID=2FnGmdEIaFKiJ3Mn25A&product=UA&doc=1&search_mode=GeneralSearch

https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=zBfjKYM9fLM

 

Picture from:

https://blogs.ubc.ca/communicatingscience2012w109/files/2012/09/biol200-image.jpg