Tag Archives: edgar

Corporate Social Network Analysis: A Deep Learning Approach

Cao, Rui, Gene Moo Lee, Hasan Cavusoglu. “Corporate Social Network Analysis: A Deep Learning Approach,” Working Paper.

Identifying inter-firm relationships is critical in understanding the industry landscape. However, due to the dynamic nature of such relationships, it is challenging to capture corporate social networks in a scalable and timely manner. To address this issue, this research develops a framework to build corporate social network representations by applying natural language processing (NLP) techniques on a corpus of 10-K filings, describing the reporting firms’ perceived relationships with other firms. Our framework uses named-entity recognition (NER) to locate the corporate names in the text, topic modeling to identify types of relationships included, and BERT to predict the type of relationship described in each sentence. To show the value of the network measures created by the proposed framework, we conduct two empirical analyses to see their impacts on firm performance. The first study shows that competition relationship and in-degree measurements on all relationship types have prediction power in estimating future earnings. The second study focuses on the difference between individual perspectives in an inter-firm social network. Such a difference is measured by the direction of mentions and is an indicator of a firm’s success in network governance. Receiving more mentions from other firms is a positive signal to network governance and it shows a significant positive correlation with firm performance next year.

Strategic Competitive Positioning: An Unsupervised Structural Hole-based Firm-specific Measure

Lee, Myunghwan, Gene Moo Lee, Hasan Cavusoglu, Marc-David L. Seidel. “Strategic Competitive Positioning: An Unstructured Structural Hole-based Firm-specific Measure”, Under Review. [Submitted: Dec 7, 2022]

  • doc2vec model of 10-K reports: Link
  • Presented at UBC MIS Seminar 2018, CIST 2019 (Seattle, WA), KrAIS 2019 (Munich, Germany), DS 2021 (online), KrAIS 2021 (Austin, TX), UT Dallas 2022, KAIST 2022, Korea Univ 2022, INFORMS 2022 (Indianapolis, IN)
  • Funded by Sauder Exploratory Grant 2019
  • Research assistants: Raymond Situ, Sahil Jain

In this paper, we propose a firm-specific strategic competitive positioning (SCP) measure to capture a firm’s unique competitive and strategic positioning based on annual corporate filings. Using an unsupervised machine learning approach, we use structural holes, a concept in network theory, to develop and operationalize an SCP measure derived from a strategic similarity matrix of all existing U.S. publicly traded firms. This enables us to construct a robust firm-level SCP measure with minimal human expert intervention. Our measure dynamically captures competitive positioning across different firms and years without using artificially bounded and often outdated industry classification systems. We demonstrate the effectiveness of our measure with an empirical analysis showing the imprinting effect of SCP at the time of the initial public offering (IPO) on the subsequent performance of the firm. The results show that our unsupervised SCP measure predicts post-IPO performance. This paper makes significant contributions to the information systems and strategic management literatures by proposing a network theory-based unsupervised approach to dynamically measure firm-level strategic competitive positioning. The measure can be easily applied to firm-specific, industry-level, and cross-industry research questions across many fields and contexts.

IT Risk and Stock Price Crashes (Working Paper)

Song, Victor, Hasan Cavusoglu, Mary L. Z. Ma, Gene Moo Lee (2022) “IT Risk and Stock Price Crashes,” Major Revision, Information Systems Research. [HICSS version]

As firms increasingly depend on Information Technology (IT), risks associated with IT have become one of the top concerns for managers and investors. This study examines the relation between the IT-related risk factor in Item 1A of the 10-K annual reports and a firm’s stock price crash risk, a firm-specific propensity to stock price crashes. Using topic modeling to identify IT-related risk factors, we find that IT risk emerges as one of the firms’ key risk categories and that IT risk factors are positively associated with a firm’s future stock price crash risk. We further separate IT risk factors into cybersecurity risk that potentially leads to a loss or leak of data, and non-cybersecurity IT risk that relates to a firm’s reliance on IT for its competitive advantage and value creation activities. We find that cybersecurity risk continues to affect crash risk, but non-cybersecurity IT risk does not, consistent with their different risk natures. We also find that the readability, novelty, and the order of appearance of the IT risk factor in Item 1A enhance the information content of IT risk factors and strengthen their relation with stock price crash risk.

Development of Topic Trend Analysis Model for Industrial Intelligence using Public Data (J. Technology Innovation 2018)

Park, S., Lee, G. M., Kim, Y.-E., Seo, J. (2018). Development of Topic Trend Analysis Model for Industrial Intelligence using Public Data (in Korean), Journal of Technology Innovation, 26(4), 199-232.

  • Funded by the Korea Institute of Science and Technology Information (KISTI)
  • Demo website: https://misr.sauder.ubc.ca/edgar_dashboard/
  • Presented at UKC (2017), KISTI (2017), WITS (2017), Rutgers Business School (2018)

There are increasing needs for understanding and fathoming of the business management environment through big data analysis at the industrial and corporative level. The research using the company disclosure information, which is comprehensively covering the business performance and the future plan of the company, is getting attention. However, there is limited research on developing applicable analytical models leveraging such corporate disclosure data due to its unstructured nature. This study proposes a text-mining-based analytical model for industrial and firm-level analyses using publicly available company disclosure data. Specifically, we apply LDA topic model and word2vec word embedding model on the U.S. SEC data from the publicly listed firms and analyze the trends of business topics at the industrial and corporate levels.

Using LDA topic modeling based on SEC EDGAR 10-K document, whole industrial management topics are figured out. For comparison of different pattern of industries’ topic trend, software and hardware industries are compared in recent 20 years. Also, the changes in management subject at the firm level are observed with a comparison of two companies in the software industry. The changes in topic trends provide a lens for identifying decreasing and growing management subjects at industrial and firm-level. Mapping companies and products(or services) based on dimension reduction after using word2vec word embedding model and principal component analysis of 10-K document at the firm level in the software industry, companies and products(services) that have similar management subjects are identified and also their changes in decades.

For suggesting a methodology to develop an analytical model based on public management data at the industrial and corporate level, there may be contributions in terms of making the ground of practical methodology to identifying changes of management subjects. However, there are required further researches to provide a microscopic analytical model with regard to the relation of technology management strategy between management performance in case of related to the various pattern of management topics as of frequent changes of management subject or their momentum. Also, more studies are needed for developing competitive context analysis model with product(service)-portfolios between firms.